字符设备驱动

内核代码

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include "head.h"

int major; // 用于保存主设备号
char kbuf[128]={0};
unsigned int *vir_moder;
unsigned int *vir_odr;
unsigned int *vir_rcc;
unsigned int *virf_moder;
unsigned int *virf_odr;

int mycdev_open(struct inode *inode,struct file *file)
{
    printk("%s,%s,%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}

ssize_t mycdev_read(struct file *file,char *ubuf,size_t size,loff_t *lof)
{
    int ret;
    if(sizeof(kbuf) < size)
        size=sizeof(kbuf);
    ret=copy_to_user(ubuf,kbuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("copy_from_user false");
        return -EIO;
    }
    printk("%s,%s,%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}

ssize_t mycdev_write(struct file *file,const char *ubuf,size_t size,loff_t *lof)
{
    int ret;
    if(sizeof(kbuf) < size)
        size=sizeof(kbuf);
    ret=copy_from_user(kbuf,ubuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("copy_from_user false");
        return -EIO;
    }
    switch (kbuf[0])
    {
    case '1':
        (*vir_odr) ^= (0x1<<(10));
        break;
    case '2':
        (*virf_odr) ^= (0x1<<(10));
        break;
    case '3':
        (*vir_odr) ^= (0x1<<(8));
        break;
    
    default:
        break;
    }

    printk("%s,%s,%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}

int mycdev_close(struct inode *inode,struct file *file)
{
    printk("%s,%s,%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}

struct file_operations fops =
{
    .open = mycdev_open,
    .read = mycdev_read,
    .write = mycdev_write,
    .release = mycdev_close,
};

static int __init mychardev_init(void)
{
    major = register_chrdev(0,"mychardev",&fops);
    if(major < 0)
    {
        printk("字符设备驱动注册失败\n");
        return major;
    }
    printk("字符设备驱动注册成功major=%d\n",major);

    //映射物理寄存器
    vir_moder=ioremap(PHY_LED1_MODER,4);
    if(vir_moder==NULL)
    {
        printk("MODER寄存器地址映射表失败\n");
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    vir_odr=ioremap(PHY_LED1_ODR,4);
    if(vir_odr==NULL)
    {
        printk("ODR寄存器地址映射表失败\n");
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    vir_rcc=ioremap(PHY_RCC,4);
    if(vir_rcc==NULL)
    {
        printk("RCC寄存器地址映射表失败\n");
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    virf_moder=ioremap(PHY_LED2_MODER,4);
    if(virf_moder==NULL)
    {
        printk("MODER寄存器地址映射表失败\n");
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    virf_odr=ioremap(PHY_LED2_ODR,4);
    if(virf_odr==NULL)
    {
        printk("ODR寄存器地址映射表失败\n");
        return -EFAULT;
    }
    printk("寄存器地址映射成功\n");
    //寄存器初始化
    (*vir_rcc) |= (0x3<<4);//rcc使能
    (*vir_moder) &= (~(0X3<<20));//设置为输出
    (*vir_moder) |=(0x1<<20);
    (*vir_odr) &= (~(0x1<<10));//led1灭灯
    (*vir_odr) |= (0x1<<8);//led3亮灯
    (*virf_moder) &= (~(0X3<<20));//设置为输出
    (*virf_moder) |=(0x1<<20);
    (*virf_odr) |= (0x1<<10);//led2亮灯
    printk("硬件寄存器初始化成功\n");

    return 0;
}
static void __exit mychardev_exit(void)
{
   //取消寄存器地址映射
    iounmap(vir_moder);
    iounmap(vir_odr);
    iounmap(vir_rcc);
    iounmap(virf_moder);
    iounmap(virf_odr);
    //字符设备驱动的注销
    unregister_chrdev(major,"mychrdev");
}
module_init(mychardev_init);
module_exit(mychardev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

head.h

#ifndef __HEAD_H__
#define __HEAD_H__

#define PHY_LED1_MODER 0X50006000
#define PHY_LED1_ODR   0X50006014
#define PHY_RCC        0X50000A28

#define PHY_LED2_MODER 0X50007000
#define PHY_LED2_ODR   0X50007014

#endif

Makefile:

arch?=arm  	 	#存储编译架构的变量
modname?=demo 	#存储模块文件名的变量

#指定内核顶层目录（规定编译方式）
ifeq ($(arch),arm)
KERNELDIR:=/home/ubuntu/FSMP1A/linux-stm32mp-5.10.61-stm32mp-r2-r0/linux-5.10.61/
else
KERNELDIR:=/lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
endif

#当前源码所在路径
PWD:=$(shell pwd)  #将shell命令pwd的执行结果赋值给PWD变量
all:
#make modules表示进行模块化编译
#make -C $(KERNELDIR)先切换到变量KERNELDIR所在目录，再执行该语句
#M=$(PWD)指定模块化编译的路径
	make -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
	make -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) clean
#将指定的.o文件独立链接为模块文件
obj-m:=$(modname).o

 测试代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    char buf[128] = {0};
    int fd = open("/dev/mychardev",O_RDWR);
    if (fd < 0)
    {
        printf("打开设备文件失败\n");
        exit(-1);
    }

    while(1)
    {
        printf("请输入控制命令--1：开/关灯1     2：开/关灯2     3：开/关灯3\n");
        fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),stdin);
        buf[strlen(buf)-1]='\0';
        write(fd,buf,sizeof(buf));
    }

    //用户和内核间的数据传递
    /*
    fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),stdin);
    buf[strlen(buf)-1]='\0';
    write(fd,buf,sizeof(buf));
    memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
    read(fd,buf,sizeof(buf));
    printf("buf:%s\n",buf);
    */

    close(fd);
    return 0;
}

用到的命令：insmod(安装模块)

                     rmmod(卸载模块)

                     mknod(创建设备文件)