顾名思义,备忘录就是保存一个状态,到需要的时候可以恢复到某一时刻的状态。
一、UML类图
参与者说明
- Originator,需要保存状态的对象;
- Memento,备忘录对象,负责保存记录(即Originator的内部状态);
- Caretaker,守护者对象,负责保存多个备忘录,使用集合管理;
代码示例
备忘录
public class Memento {
private String state;
public String getState() {
return state;
}
public Memento(String state) {
this.state = state;
}
}
需要保存状态的类
public class Originator {
private String state;
public void getStateFromMemento(Memento memento) {
this.state = memento.getState();
}
public Memento saveStateToMemento() {
return new Memento(state);
}
public String getState() {
return state;
}
public void setState(String state) {
this.state = state;
}
}
备忘录管理类
public class CareTaker {
private List<Memento> mementoList = new ArrayList<>();
public void add(Memento memento) {
mementoList.add(memento);
}
public Memento get(int idx) {
return mementoList.get(idx);
}
}
客户类
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Originator originator = new Originator();
CareTaker careTaker = new CareTaker();
originator.setState("state #1 --- attack value 100");
careTaker.add(originator.saveStateToMemento());
originator.setState("state #2 --- attack value 80");
careTaker.add(originator.saveStateToMemento());
originator.setState("state #3 --- attack value 50");
careTaker.add(originator.saveStateToMemento());
System.out.println("current state is: " + originator.getState());
// back to state 1
originator.getStateFromMemento(careTaker.get(0));
System.out.println("current state is: " + originator.getState());
}
}
测试结果
current state is: state #3 --- attack value 50
current state is: state #1 --- attack value 100
Process finished with exit code 0
三、参考
- https://m.runoob.com/design-pattern/memento-pattern.html
- 韩顺平 《设计模式》
设计模式系列博文导航
一、创建型 - 5种
原型模式(Prototype Pattern)
抽象工厂模式(Abstract Factory Pattern)
建造者模式(Builder Pattern)
工厂模式(Factory Pattern)
单例模式(Singleton Pattern)
助记语:原抽建工单
二、结构型 - 8种
享元模式(Flyweight Pattern)
代理模式(Proxy Pattern)
适配器模式(Adapter Pattern)
外观模式(Facade Pattern)
过滤器模式(Filter/Criteria Pattern)
桥接模式(Bridge Pattern)
组合模式(Composite Pattern)
装饰器模式(Decorator Pattern)
助记语:想呆室外,过桥组装
三、行为型 - 11种
责任链模式(Chain of Responsibility Pattern)
命令模式(Command Pattern)
解释器模式(Interpreter Pattern)
中介者模式(Mediator Pattern)
迭代器模式(Iterator Pattern)
观察者模式(Observer Pattern)
策略模式(Strategy Pattern)
状态模式(State Pattern)
备忘录模式(Memento Pattern)
模板方法模式(Template Pattern)
访问者模式(Visitor Pattern)
助记语:责令解中谍,观测状被模仿