C# Socket UDP 通信

UDP是无连接不安全的通信，但效率高，通常用在视频或语音通话等方面，要求高效率的传输，代码如下：

代码运行平台 Visual Studio 2019

服务端代码：

/*******
 * 
 * UDP通讯：服务器端
 * 和TCP不一样的地方：
 * 1、不需要Listen()和Accept()了
 * 2、UDP中用的是_SocketServer.ReceiveFrom()，而不是_SocketServer.Receive()
 * 
 * *******/
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

namespace SocketServer_UDP
{
    class Server
    {
        private Socket _SocketServer;  //套接字
        private bool _IsListenConnection = true; //是否在监听(目的是方便退出)
        private IPEndPoint endPoint;
        public Server()
        {
            //定义网络终节点(封装IP与端口)
            endPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.8"), 8080);
            //实例化套接字(监听)
            _SocketServer = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
            //服务器端绑定地址
            _SocketServer.Bind(endPoint);
            Console.WriteLine("服务端已启动...");

            Thread thSend = new Thread(SendMsg);
            thSend.Start();
            //这里必须另起一个线程，因为接收收时线程是卡着等待着的
            Thread thReceive = new Thread(ReceiveMsg);
            thReceive.Start();
            
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 接受客户端消息
        /// </summary>
        private void ReceiveMsg()
        {
            EndPoint ep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any,0); //Any代表任何客户端，0代表任何端口

            while (true)
            {
                //准备一个“数据缓存”
                byte[] msgArray = new byte[1024 * 1024];  //一个1M的空间
                //接收客户端发来的消息,返回数据的真实长度
                int trueClientMsgLength = _SocketServer.ReceiveFrom(msgArray, ref ep);  //这里和TCP连接不一样了，用的是ReceiveForm()而不是Receive()？？？？
                //byte字节数组转string
                string strMsg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(msgArray, 0, trueClientMsgLength);
                Console.WriteLine("客户端发来的数据： " + strMsg);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 向指定客户端发送消息
        /// </summary>
        private void SendMsg()
        {
            //EndPoint ep = (EndPoint)endPoint;
            while (true)
            {
                EndPoint ep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.8"), 8081);
                string snedMsg = Console.ReadLine(); //输入要发送的内容
                byte[] byteMsg = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(snedMsg);
                _SocketServer.SendTo(byteMsg, ep);
            }
            
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Server server = new Server();
        }
    }
}

客户端代码：

/************
 * 
 * UDP端通信：客户端
 * 和TCP不一致的地方：
 * 1、UDP发送用的是SendTo()，而TCP用的是Send()
 * 
 * ************/
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

namespace SocketClient_UDP
{
    class Client
    {
        private Socket _SocketClient;      //客户端通讯套接字
        private IPEndPoint serverEndPoint; //连接到的服务器IP与端口信息

        public Client()
        {
            //(服务器端)通讯地址与端口号
            serverEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.8"), 8081);
            //建立客户端的Socket
            _SocketClient = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
            //绑定
            _SocketClient.Bind(serverEndPoint);

            //另起一个发送线程
            Thread thSendMsg = new Thread(SendMsg);
            thSendMsg.Start();

            //这里必须另起一个线程，接收时线程是卡着等待消息接收的
            Thread thReceive = new Thread(ReceiveMsg);
            thReceive.Start();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 向服务端发送消息
        /// </summary>
        private void SendMsg()
        {
            try
            {
                EndPoint ep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.8"),8080);
                while (true)
                {
                    //输入信息
                    string strMsg = Console.ReadLine(); 
                    //string转化为字节数组
                    byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strMsg);
                    //发送数据
                    _SocketClient.SendTo(byteArray, ep);  //这里和TCP不一致，TCP用的是Send()
                    Console.WriteLine("我： " + strMsg);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {

                //关闭前端和后端连接
                _SocketClient.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
                //清理连接的资源
                _SocketClient.Close();
            }

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 接收服务端发送的消息
        /// </summary>
        private void ReceiveMsg()
        {
            
            try
            {
                EndPoint ep = (EndPoint)new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
                while (true)
                {
                    byte[] bytes = new byte[1024 * 1024];  //定义一个1M的数据缓存空间
                    int trueClientMsgLength = _SocketClient.ReceiveFrom(bytes, ref ep); //真正接收到的数据长度
                    string strMsg= Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes, 0, trueClientMsgLength);
                    Console.WriteLine("服务端： " + strMsg);

                }
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {

                throw;
            }
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Client obj = new Client();
        }
    }
}

大家修改各自的IP地址后，此代码即可运行

运行结果如下：

下一节进行TCP通信的讲解.......