ESP32学习笔记：WIFI SCAN模式

moon2shine

于 2024-03-04 13:23:24 发布

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分类专栏： ESP32 文章标签：学习笔记

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/moon2shine/article/details/136449513

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文章详细介绍了如何在ESP32开发中使用C语言实现WiFi扫描功能，包括qy_wifi_scan.h和qy_wifi_scan.c文件中的函数，展示了如何初始化、启动和停止扫描，并打印出扫描到的WiFi网络信息。

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wifi scan模式可以简单理解为ESP32模块像手机一样扫描周围的wifi模块。

由于在此章节中开始使用包含头文件和.C文件的方式，只记录核心函数源码。最后验证的结果还是通过ESP32的监视器指令直接打印扫描信息。

首先是qy_wifi_scan.h文件：

#ifndef _QY_WIFI_SCAN_H_
#define _QY_WIFI_SCAN_H_

void qy_wifi_scan_start(void);
void qy_wifi_scan_stop(void);

#endif

然后是qy_wifi_scan.c文件：

#include "qy_wifi_scan.h"
#include <string.h>
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/event_groups.h"
#include "esp_wifi.h"
#include "esp_log.h"
#include "esp_event.h"
#include "nvs_flash.h"

#define CONFIG_EXAMPLE_SCAN_LIST_SIZE 10
#define DEFAULT_SCAN_LIST_SIZE CONFIG_EXAMPLE_SCAN_LIST_SIZE

static const char *TAG = "scan";

static void print_auth_mode(int authmode)
{
    switch (authmode) {
    case WIFI_AUTH_OPEN:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Authmode \tWIFI_AUTH_OPEN");
        break;
    case WIFI_AUTH_WEP:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Authmode \tWIFI_AUTH_WEP");
        break;
    case WIFI_AUTH_WPA_PSK:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Authmode \tWIFI_AUTH_WPA_PSK");
        break;
    case WIFI_AUTH_WPA2_PSK:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Authmode \tWIFI_AUTH_WPA2_PSK");
        break;
    case WIFI_AUTH_WPA_WPA2_PSK:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Authmode \tWIFI_AUTH_WPA_WPA2_PSK");
        break;
    case WIFI_AUTH_WPA2_ENTERPRISE:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Authmode \tWIFI_AUTH_WPA2_ENTERPRISE");
        break;
    case WIFI_AUTH_WPA3_PSK:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Authmode \tWIFI_AUTH_WPA3_PSK");
        break;
    case WIFI_AUTH_WPA2_WPA3_PSK:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Authmode \tWIFI_AUTH_WPA2_WPA3_PSK");
        break;
    default:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Authmode \tWIFI_AUTH_UNKNOWN");
        break;
    }
}

static void print_cipher_type(int pairwise_cipher, int group_cipher)
{
    switch (pairwise_cipher) {
    case WIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_NONE:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Pairwise Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_NONE");
        break;
    case WIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_WEP40:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Pairwise Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_WEP40");
        break;
    case WIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_WEP104:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Pairwise Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_WEP104");
        break;
    case WIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_TKIP:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Pairwise Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_TKIP");
        break;
    case WIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_CCMP:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Pairwise Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_CCMP");
        break;
    case WIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_TKIP_CCMP:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Pairwise Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_TKIP_CCMP");
        break;
    default:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Pairwise Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_UNKNOWN");
        break;
    }

    switch (group_cipher) {
    case WIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_NONE:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Group Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_NONE");
        break;
    case WIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_WEP40:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Group Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_WEP40");
        break;
    case WIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_WEP104:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Group Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_WEP104");
        break;
    case WIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_TKIP:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Group Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_TKIP");
        break;
    case WIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_CCMP:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Group Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_CCMP");
        break;
    case WIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_TKIP_CCMP:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Group Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_TKIP_CCMP");
        break;
    default:
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Group Cipher \tWIFI_CIPHER_TYPE_UNKNOWN");
        break;
    }
}

/* Initialize Wi-Fi as sta and set scan method */
static void wifi_scan_start(void)
{
    //初始化netif 事件处理模块
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_netif_init());
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_event_loop_create_default());
    esp_netif_t *sta_netif = esp_netif_create_default_wifi_sta();
    assert(sta_netif);
    //初始化wifi模块
    wifi_init_config_t cfg = WIFI_INIT_CONFIG_DEFAULT();
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_init(&cfg));

    uint16_t number = DEFAULT_SCAN_LIST_SIZE;
    wifi_ap_record_t ap_info[DEFAULT_SCAN_LIST_SIZE];
    uint16_t ap_count = 0;
    memset(ap_info, 0, sizeof(ap_info));
    //设置STA模式
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_set_mode(WIFI_MODE_STA));
    //开启wifi
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_start());
    //扫描开启
    esp_wifi_scan_start(NULL, true);
   
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_scan_get_ap_records(&number, ap_info));
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_scan_get_ap_num(&ap_count));
    ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Total APs scanned = %u", ap_count);
    for (int i = 0; (i < DEFAULT_SCAN_LIST_SIZE) && (i < ap_count); i++) {
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "SSID \t\t%s", ap_info[i].ssid);
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "RSSI \t\t%d", ap_info[i].rssi);
        print_auth_mode(ap_info[i].authmode);
        if (ap_info[i].authmode != WIFI_AUTH_WEP) {
            print_cipher_type(ap_info[i].pairwise_cipher, ap_info[i].group_cipher);
        }
        ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Channel \t\t%d\n", ap_info[i].primary);
    }
}

void qy_wifi_scan_start(void)
{
    wifi_scan_start();
}

void qy_wifi_scan_stop()
{
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_scan_stop());
    ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_wifi_deinit());
}

最后是main函数：

#include <stdio.h>
#include "sdkconfig.h"
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"

#include "esp_system.h"
#include "esp_log.h"
#include "nvs_flash.h"
#include "esp_err.h"

#include "qy_oled.h"
#include "qy_wifi_ap.h"
#include "ds_nvs.h"
#include "qy_http_server.h"
#include "ds_system_data.h"
#include "qy_wifi_sta.h"
#include "qy_wifi_scan.h"


char *ssid="qianyi";
char *psw="12345678";
   

void app_main(void)
{
    LCD_Init();
    ds_system_data_init();
    set_system_data_wifi_info(ssid,strlen(ssid),psw,strlen(psw));
    ds_nvs_init();
    LCD_FullClean(WHITE);

 //   qy_wifi_ap_start();
 //   qy_http_server_init();

 //   qy_wifi_sta_start();
    qy_wifi_scan_start();

    while(1){
        printf("system run ...\n");
        vTaskDelay(1000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
    }
}

运行示例如下图所示：