#include <iostream>
#include <assert.h>
using namespace std;
char *strcpy(char *strDes, const char *strSrc)
{
assert((strDes!=NULL) && (strSrc!=NULL));
char *strDesCpy = strDes;
while((*strDes++ = *strSrc++) != '\0');
return strDesCpy;
}
int main()
{
char strSrc[] = "hello";
char strDes[20];
strcpy(strDes, strSrc);
cout << "strDes: " << strDes << endl;
return 0;
}
((*strDest++=*strSrc++)!='\0'); 的理解-CSDN博客
这里有如下几点需要注意:
- 源字符串要使用const类型,避免在程序中被修改;
- 在函数入口处要加上断言,检查源字符串指针和目标字符串指针是否有为空的,否则会产生不可预料的错误;
- 使用while循环要简单而清晰,使用尽量精简的代码;
- 返回值要是
char*
,且返回了目标字符串指针的原值,使得函数可以支持链式表达式,增加了函数的附加值。
对于以上代码,我们可以看出来,它是存在隐患的,当源字符串的长度超出目标字符串时,会导致把数据写入到我们无法控制的地址中去,存在很大的风险,所以就有了strncpy,下面也给一个strncpy的实现,如下:
char *strncpy(char *strDes, const char *strSrc, size_t n)
{
assert((strDes != NULL) && (strSrc != NULL));
char *strDesCpy = strDes;
while(n-- && (*strDes++ = *strSrc++) != '\0');
return strDesCpy;
}
memcpy的实现
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
struct people
{
int iAge;
char szName[12];
char szSex[3];
};
//模拟memcpy的实现
void * mymemcpy(void *dest, const void *src, size_t n)
{
if (dest == NULL || src == NULL)
return NULL;
char *pDest = static_cast <char*>(dest);
const char *pSrc = static_cast <const char*>(src);
if (pDest > pSrc && pDest < pSrc+n)
{
for (size_t i=n-1; i != -1; --i)
{
pDest[i] = pSrc[i];
}
}
else
{
for (size_t i= 0; i < n; i++)
{
pDest[i] = pSrc[i];
}
}
return dest;
}
int main()
{
people stPeople1, stPeople2;
memset((void*)&stPeople1, 0x00, sizeof(stPeople1));
memset((void*)&stPeople2, 0x00, sizeof(stPeople2));
stPeople1.iAge = 32;
mymemcpy(stPeople1.szName, "li lei", sizeof(stPeople1.szName));
mymemcpy(stPeople1.szSex, "man", sizeof(stPeople1.szSex));
mymemcpy((void*)&stPeople2, (void*)&stPeople1, sizeof(stPeople2));
printf("this people age is %d, name is %s, sex is %s\n", stPeople2.iAge, stPeople2.szName, stPeople2.szSex);
return 0;
}