关于多处include头文件出现multiple definition的问题原因分析和解决方法

之前使用C++时也经常出现multiple definition的问题，搜了一圈基本上是在#include的时候加上#ifndef或者#paraonce

 

Scanning dependencies of target ieskf
[ 33%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/src/main.o
[ 66%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/src/ieskf.o
[100%] Linking CXX executable ieskf
CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/src/ieskf.o: In function `ieskf::Ieskf::Ieskf()':
ieskf.cpp:(.text+0x0): multiple definition of `ieskf::Ieskf::Ieskf()'
CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/src/main.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x0): first defined here
CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/src/ieskf.o: In function `ieskf::Ieskf::Ieskf()':
ieskf.cpp:(.text+0x0): multiple definition of `ieskf::Ieskf::Ieskf()'
CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/src/main.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x0): first defined here
CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/src/ieskf.o: In function `ieskf::Ieskf::~Ieskf()':
ieskf.cpp:(.text+0x10): multiple definition of `ieskf::Ieskf::~Ieskf()'
CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/src/main.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x10): first defined here
CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/src/ieskf.o: In function `ieskf::Ieskf::~Ieskf()':
ieskf.cpp:(.text+0x10): multiple definition of `ieskf::Ieskf::~Ieskf()'
CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/src/main.o:main.cpp:(.text+0x10): first defined here
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/build.make:120: recipe for target 'ieskf' failed
make[2]: *** [ieskf] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:67: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/ieskf.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:83: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2

其实真正原因是编译链接时候出错，认真看编译结果：已经100%完成了，在链接的时候，由于两个.o文件中含有同名文件，所以会链接报错，参考上篇文章的static和extern用法，可以解决这个问题。

https://blog.csdn.net/mxdsdo09/article/details/107047523

其他参考资料：

https://blog.csdn.net/mantis_1984/article/details/53571758

https://www.cnblogs.com/longdouhzt/archive/2012/07/03/2574071.html