《薄冰实用英语语法详解》独家连载之十五：并列连词

并列连词

并列连词（Coordinating Conjunctions）是指用来连接彼此是并列关系的词、短语、从句或句子的词，被连接的两个部分彼此是独立的，在句法上是平等的。

1. 并列连词的种类

类 别	例 词
表示并列关系	and　　as well as　　both…and not only,but also　　neither…nor
表示选择关系	or　　　or else　　　either…nor
表示转折关系	but　　　yet　　　while　　whereas
表示因果关系	for　　　so

2. and

(1) and和；与；及；同；并
Time and tide wait for no man . 时不我待。(and表示并列)
Everything ought to be beautiful in a human being: face，and dress，and soul，and ideas.
人的面貌，衣着，心灵，思想，一切都应是美丽的。

(2) and然后； 接着
They shook hands and began to talk at once.
他们握了手后立刻开始了谈话。(and表示顺序)
He came and sat down and spoke to me.
他来后坐下来和我说话。

(3) and而且；还；又
I know that he has been arrested and that he is in prison.
我知道他已经被捕并且进了监狱。
Shute is healthy and handsome.
舒特既健康又英俊。

(4) and那么；则
Come early and you will see him.
早些来，那么你就会见到他了。
Try again and you will succeed.
再试一次，你就会成功。

3. but

(1) but但是；可是；然而
She wants to go to college but her parents want her to get married.
她想念大学，但她父母希望她结婚。
The car is very old but in good condition. 这辆车旧了，但性能还不错。

(2) but(用于否定结构后)而(是)
Virtue dwells not in the tongue but in the heart.
看人看心不看嘴。
He didn’t come to help，but to hinder us.
他不是来帮忙，而是来阻碍我们的。

4. or

(1) or或；或者；还是
He must be mad or drunk.
他不是疯了就是喝醉了。
Scotch or Bourbon?
要苏格兰威士忌还是波旁威士忌？

(2) or否则； 要不然
Be quick，or it may be too late.
快点，不然就会迟到。
Do not move， or you are a dead man.
不要动，不然要你的命。

(3) or(用于否定句) 也不
He never smokes or drinks.
他从不抽烟，也不喝酒。

5.or else

or else 否则；要不然
Hurry up，or else you’ll miss the last bus.
快点，不然你就赶不上末班车了。
Let’s get moving，or else we’ll miss the train.
我们走吧，不然就赶不上火车了。

6.for

for 因为；由于……的缘故
Sanger has to stay up tonight ,for there is a lot of homework to do.
桑格今晚不得不熬夜，因为有许多作业要做。
The two brothers decided to leave at dawn，for they had many miles to cover.
两兄弟决定黎明启程，因为他们要走许多英里。

7.so

so因此；所以
It began to rain, so we went home． 天开始下雨了，我们就回家了。
Everybody lent a hand， so the task was done on time.
人人动手，所以任务按时完成了。

8.yet

yet可是；然而
He worked hard， yet he failed.
他工作努力，可是他失败了。
She said she would be late， yet she arrived on time.
她说她会迟到，但她却准时到达了。
15.9 whereas
whereas 然而； 但是； 尽管
Some people like fat meat， whereas others hate it.
有些人喜欢肥肉，相反有些人讨厌肥肉。
Some people like strong tobacco，whereas others don?t.
有些人喜欢抽烈性烟，而有些人则不喜欢。
She is diligent，whereas he is lazy.
她很勤快，而他却懒惰。

10.as well as

as well as 除……之外；既……又；与……一样；和
On Sundays， his landlady provided dinner as well as breakfast.
逢星期天，女房东除早饭外还供应他正餐。
Hiking is good exercise as well as fun.
徒步旅行很有趣味，也是很好的锻炼。
In theory as well as in practice，the idea is unsound.
这个主意在理论上和实践上都站不住脚。
He would like to go as well as you.
他和你一样想去。

11.both...and...

both...and ... 和……（两者）都； 不仅……而且； 既……又
Both Mary and Peter are washing the dishes.
玛丽和彼得都在洗盘子。
Mary both washes the dishes and dries them.
玛丽不仅洗盘子，而且把它们揩干。
Both the wheat and the barley will be shipped tomorrow.
小麦和大麦明天都要装船运走。
Chickens are raised for both meat and eggs.
养鸡既可吃肉，又可吃蛋。

12.not only...but also...

not only...but also... 不但……而且……
Such work is not only devalued in that country，its nature is widely misunderstood.
这种工作在那个国家不但被贬低，而且工作的性质也被许多人误解了。
He plays not only the piano，but also the violin.
他不仅弹钢琴，而且还拉小提琴。
He can speak not only English, but also French. 他不仅会说英语，而且会说法语。
I not only heard it，but saw it.
我不但听到而且也看到了。
但要注意：not only...but also...中的but或also有时可省略；当not only... but also...位于句首时，可能引起倒装。

13.either...or..

either...or...或……或……；要么……要么……；不是……就是……
Either come in or go out.
要么进来，要么出去。
He is either drunk or mad.
他不是醉了就是疯了。
The criminal refused to either speak or eat.
罪犯不肯讲也不肯吃。

14.neither...nor...

neither...nor... 既不……也不……； ……和……都不
Neither Mary nor Tom came to our party yesterday.
昨天玛丽和汤姆都没来参加我们的晚会。
He neither drinks，smokes，nor eats meat.
他既不喝酒抽烟，也不吃肉。
但要注意：当neither...nor...位于句首时，可能引起倒装。