并列句是两个并列的句子,不是从句。
在科技论文中用到的并列句连词不多,最常用的也就是and和while、whereas。
一、and连接的两个句子表明同样的意思或“进一步”的意思,这样的例子很多也很简单,这里举一个:We conducted various experiments and obtained interesting results.(我们做了各种实验,得到了有意义的结果。)
两个否定句并列要加either,例如:Using the approach, we can’t improve the efficiency, and we can’t enhance the security either.(用这个方法,我们既提高不了效率,也增强不了安全性。)
二、要注意的是在科技论文中,and 一般不用于句首,and在句首有强调的意思,在其他文体例如散文中常见,例如:The old lady walked along the street. And her companion, a dog followed her.(老妇人沿街走着,而她的伴——一条狗跟着她。)
三、while既可以连接从句,也可以连接并列句,我们这里说明的是连接并列句。while连接的两个并列句有对比转折的意思,例如:Android is a open platform, while iPhone is not. (安卓是开放平台,而苹果不是。)注意如果没有转折的意思不能用while,例如下面的句子是不妥的:“A received a message,while B also received one.” 这里应该用and: A received a message, and B also received one.(A收到一条信息,B也收到了一条信息。)下面的句子是合适的:A received a message, while B received nothing.(A收到了一条信息,而B什么也没收到。)
三、whereas是比较典雅的词汇,它的用法与while相同,就不举例了。
四、but、so这些并列句连词在科技论文中几乎不用,当需要用but时请用while,当需要用so时请用and 加hence、thus等副词,例如:We optimized the algorithm, so the complexity of the algorithm drops significantly. 应该写为:We optimized the algorithm, and thus the complexity of the algorithm drops significantly.(我们优化了算法,它的复杂度明显降低。)或者不用并列句:We optimized the algorithm. Therefore the complexity of the algorithm drops significantly.