GEE区域分析（生成时间序列 time series）

GEE官方文档

对于单个省（以内蒙古为例，内蒙古数据质量较好）生成时间序列

//单个省的时间序列
var neimeng = ee.FeatureCollection('users/peisipand/cn_province')
                    .filter(ee.Filter.eq('OBJECTID',5)).geometry();
Map.addLayer(neimeng)

var CH4_col = ee.ImageCollection('COPERNICUS/S5P/OFFL/L3_CH4')
                     .filter(ee.Filter.date('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01'))
                     .select('CH4_column_volume_mixing_ratio_dry_air');

// Define the chart and print it to the console.
var chart = ui.Chart.image
                .doySeries({
                  imageCollection: CH4_col,
                  region: neimeng,
                  regionReducer: ee.Reducer.mean(),
                  scale: 5000,
                  yearReducer: ee.Reducer.mean(),
                  startDay: 1,
                  endDay: 365
                })
                .setOptions({
                  title: 'Average CH4 for Neimeng',
                  hAxis: {
                    title: 'Day of year',
                    titleTextStyle: {italic: false, bold: true}
                  },
                  vAxis: {
                    title: 'CH4(ppb)',
                    titleTextStyle: {italic: false, bold: true}
                  },
                  lineWidth: 5,
                  colors: ['39a8a7'],
                });
print(chart);

效果如图：

内蒙古甲烷一年的变化趋势，先降低再升高再降低。

TROPOMI的数据一天大概是13景左右，一年下来4000多景，如果时间范围继续扩大的话，imageCollection的数量会超过5000，这时候貌似就会报错，所以先把collection处理成日均的比较好，反正也不关心一天内的变化。

var china = ee.FeatureCollection('users/peisipand/cn_province');
var doy = ee.List.sequence(1,365)
var imgDay = doy.map(function(day){
  var startDay = ee.Date('2020-01-01').advance(day,"day")
  var image = ee.ImageCollection('COPERNICUS/S5P/OFFL/L3_CH4')
    .filterDate(startDay,startDay.advance(1,"day"))
    .select('CH4_column_volume_mixing_ratio_dry_air')
    .mean()
    .clip(china).set('system:time_start',startDay)
    return image
  })
var vegIndices = ee.ImageCollection(imgDay)
print(vegIndices)
Map.addLayer(vegIndices.first())

var neimeng = china.filter(ee.Filter.eq('OBJECTID',5)).geometry().bounds();
var neimeng = ee.Feature(neimeng,{name:'neimeng'})
print(neimeng)
var xinjiang = china.filter(ee.Filter.eq('OBJECTID',31)).geometry().bounds();
var xinjiang = ee.Feature(xinjiang,{name:'xinjiang'})
var ecoregions = ee.FeatureCollection([neimeng,xinjiang]);

var chart = ui.Chart.image
                .doySeriesByRegion({
                  imageCollection: vegIndices,
                  bandName: 'CH4_column_volume_mixing_ratio_dry_air',
                  regions: ecoregions,
                  regionReducer: ee.Reducer.mean(),
                  scale: 5000,
                  yearReducer: ee.Reducer.mean(),
                  seriesProperty: 'name',
                  startDay: 1,
                  endDay: 365
                })
                .setOptions({
                  title: 'Average CH4 by Day of Year',
                  hAxis: {
                    title: 'Day of year',
                    titleTextStyle: {italic: false, bold: true}
                  },
                  vAxis: {
                    title: 'CH4 (ppb)',
                    titleTextStyle: {italic: false, bold: true}
                  },
                  lineWidth: 5,
                  colors: ['f0af07', '0f8755'],
                });
print(chart);