From: http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1386510630330.html
libevent是一个基于事件触发的网络库,memcached底层也是使用libevent库。
总体来说,libevent有下面一些特点和优势:
* 事件驱动,高性能;
* 轻量级,专注于网络;
* 跨平台,支持 Windows、Linux、Mac Os等;
* 支持多种 I/O多路复用技术, epoll、poll、dev/poll、select 和kqueue 等;
* 支持 I/O,定时器和信号等事件;
libevent有下面几大部分组成:
* 事件管理包括各种IO(socket)、定时器、信号等事件,也是libevent应用最广的模块;
* 缓存管理是指evbuffer功能;
* DNS是libevent提供的一个异步DNS查询功能;
* HTTP是libevent的一个轻量级http实现,包括服务器和客户端
一些资料:
* libevent官网:http://libevent.org/
* libevent API:http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/doxygen-2.0.1/index.html
* CSDN上剖析得很赞的文章:http://blog.csdn.net/sparkliang/article/details/4957667
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下面写了2个简单的使用例子,一个是定时器,一个是TCP服务器,都只涉及到libevent的事件管理模块。
一、简单定时器:实现程序每秒输出一个“Game Over!”
event_init() => evtimer_set() => event_add() =>event_dispatch()
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <event.h>
using namespace std;
// 定时事件回调函数
void onTime(int sock, short event, void *arg)
{
cout << "Game Over!" << endl;
struct timeval tv = {1, 0}; // 1 second
// 重新添加定时事件(定时事件触发后默认自动删除)
event_add((struct event*)arg, &tv); // 定时器执行一次后, 默认会自动删除
}
int main()
{
event_init();
struct event evTime;
evtimer_set(&evTime, onTime, &evTime);
struct timeval tv = {1, 0}; // 1 second
event_add(&evTime, &tv); // 添加定时器事件
event_dispatch(); // 事件循环
return 0;
}
编译时要加参数"-levent"
二、TCP服务器:实现监听本机8888端口并输出客户端发送过来的信息event_base_new()=>event_set()=>event_base_set()=>event_add()=>event_base_dispatch()
/*
利用libevent开发的一个tcp服务器
编译: g++ -o a a.cpp -Wall -Os -levent
参考: http://blog.csdn.net/peoplezhou/article/details/43732423
*/
#include <string.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <event.h>
using namespace std;
struct event_base* base; // 事件base
// 读事件回调函数
void onRead(int iCliFd, short iEvent, void *arg)
{
int iLen;
char buf[1500];
bool bCloseClient = true;
iLen = recv(iCliFd, buf, 1500, 0);
if (iLen <= 0)
{
cout << "Client Close" << endl;
}
else
{
buf[iLen] = 0;
cout << "Client Info:" << buf << endl;
if(strcmp(buf, "bye") != 0) // 若未接收到"bye", 则与该客户端保持沟通
{
bCloseClient = false;
send(iCliFd, buf, iLen, 0);
}
else // 接收到"bye", 将关闭与客户端的连接
{
cout << "See you, bye-bye" << endl;
}
}
if(bCloseClient)
{
// 连接结束(=0)或连接错误(<0),将事件删除并释放内存空间
struct event *pEvRead = (struct event*)arg;
event_del(pEvRead); // 删除事件
delete pEvRead;
close(iCliFd);
}
}
// 连接请求事件回调函数
void onAccept(int iSvrFd, short iEvent, void *arg)
{
int iCliFd;
struct sockaddr_in sCliAddr;
socklen_t iSinSize = sizeof(sCliAddr);
iCliFd = accept(iSvrFd, (struct sockaddr*)&sCliAddr, &iSinSize);
if(iCliFd != -1) // accept successful
{
unsigned short port = sCliAddr.sin_port;
const char* ip = inet_ntoa(sCliAddr.sin_addr);
cout << "\nClient[" << ip << ":" << port << "] is connected" << endl;
// 连接注册为新事件 (EV_PERSIST为事件触发后不默认删除)
struct event *pEvRead = new event;
event_set(pEvRead, iCliFd, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST, onRead, pEvRead);
event_base_set(base, pEvRead);
event_add(pEvRead, NULL);
}
}
int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
{
int iSvrFd;
struct sockaddr_in sSvrAddr;
memset(&sSvrAddr, 0, sizeof(sSvrAddr));
sSvrAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
sSvrAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
sSvrAddr.sin_port = htons(8888);
// 创建tcpSocket(iSvrFd),监听本机8888端口
iSvrFd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
bind(iSvrFd, (struct sockaddr*)&sSvrAddr, sizeof(sSvrAddr)); // tcp server, binding on port 8888
listen(iSvrFd, 10);
cout << "Tcp server start successful, listening on port " << 8888 << endl;
base = event_base_new(); // 初始化base
struct event evListen;
event_set(&evListen, iSvrFd, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST, onAccept, NULL);// 设置事件
event_base_set(base, &evListen); // 设置为base事件
event_add(&evListen, NULL); // 添加事件
event_base_dispatch(base); // 事件循环
return 0;
}
来自:http://blog.csdn.net/yyyiran/article/details/12219737