目录
数字摄像头接口是一个同步并行接口,可以从数字摄像头捕获视频和图像信息。它支持不同的
颜色空间图像,例如YUV/RGB,另外支持压缩数据的JPEG格式图像。
1 IO初始化
DCI一般选择8bit接口,另外OV2640需要I2C接口设置寄存器。
2 初始化DCI
2.1 使能DCI和DMA1
RCU_AHB2EN |= ((uint32_t)1 << 0); //Enable DCI
RCU_AHB1EN |= ((uint32_t)1 << 22); //Enable DMA1
一般使用DCI都会使用DMA功能,DCI对应DMA1的通道1或通道7,这里用到的是通道7.
2.2 配置寄存器DCI_CTL
2.2.1 快照模式SNAP
0:连续捕获模式 - 连续捕获摄像头数据
1:快照模式 - 只捕获单帧,收到完整的第一帧后, 将自动禁止摄像头接口
2.2.2 时钟极性选择CKS
0:下降沿捕获
1:上升沿捕获
2.2.3 水平同步极性选择HPS
0:消隐期间低电平
1:消隐期间高电平
2.2.4 垂直同步极性选择VPS
0:消隐期间低电平
1:消隐期间高电平
2.2.5 数据格式DCIF
00:每个像素时钟捕获 8 位数据
01:每个像素时钟捕获 10 位数据
10:每个像素时钟捕获 12 位数据
11:每个像素时钟捕获 14 位数据
一般设置为8位数据
2.2.6 帧频率FR
在连续捕获模式,FR 定义帧捕获频率
00:捕获所有帧
01:每隔一帧捕获一次
10:每隔三帧捕获一次
11:保留
2.3 配置DMA
有2个DMA通道可以用于DCI,即DMA1的通道1和通道7
DMA_CHFCTL(DMA1, CAMERA_DMA_CH) = 0;
DMA_CHCTL(DMA1, CAMERA_DMA_CH) = 0;
DMA_CHFCTL(DMA1, CAMERA_DMA_CH) &= ~((uint32_t)1 << 2); //Disable Multi Data Mode
DMA_CHPADDR(DMA1, CAMERA_DMA_CH) = (uint32_t)&DCI_DATA;
DMA_CHM0ADDR(DMA1, CAMERA_DMA_CH) = ramAddr;
DMA_CHCNT(DMA1, CAMERA_DMA_CH) = (uint32_t)CAMERA_SIZE_W * CAMERA_SIZE_H * stride / 4;
value = DMA_CHCTL(DMA1, CAMERA_DMA_CH);
//bit6-7: channel transfer mode
//bit11-12: transfer data width of peripheral
//bit13-14: transfer data width of memory
//bit16-17: channel priority level
value &= ~((uint32_t)0x03 << 11 | ((uint32_t)3 << 13) | ((uint32_t)3 << 16) | ((uint32_t)3 << 6));
value |= (((uint32_t)2 << 11) | ((uint32_t)2 << 13) | ((uint32_t)2 << 16) | ((uint32_t)0 << 6));
//bit9: next address generation algorithm of peripheral
value &= ~((uint32_t)1 << 9); //Disable Peripheral's Address Auto Increasing.
//bit10: next address generation algorithm of memory
value |= ((uint32_t)1 << 10); //Enable Memory's Address Auto Increasing.
//bit8: DMA circular mode
value |= ((uint32_t)1 << 8); //Enable DMA Circular Mode
//bit25-27: peripheral enable
value &= ~((uint32_t)0x7 << 25);
value |= ((uint32_t)0x1 << 25); //Peripheral 1(DCI is 1) is enable.
DMA_CHCTL(DMA1, CAMERA_DMA_CH) = value;
ramAddr是MCU中分配给DCI的RAM空间,例如这里是分配一个数组
#define CAMERA_SIZE_W 320
#define CAMERA_SIZE_H 240
EXTERN uint16_t gCameraBuf[CAMERA_SIZE_W * CAMERA_SIZE_H];
摄像头采用RGB565格式,一个像素对应2个字节,所以这里用uint16_t定义这个数组变量,对应stride = 2(即RGB565是2个字节)。
2.4 配置时钟输出
reg = RCU_CFG0;
#if (PIN_DCI_XCLK == 8)
/* reset the CKOUT0SRC, CKOUT0DIV and set according to ckout0_src and ckout0_div */
reg &= ~(RCU_CFG0_CKOUT0SEL | RCU_CFG0_CKOUT0DIV);
RCU_CFG0 = (reg | RCU_CKOUT0SRC_HXTAL | RCU_CKOUT0_DIV3);
#else
reg &= ~(RCU_CFG0_CKOUT1SEL | RCU_CFG0_CKOUT1DIV);
RCU_CFG0 = (reg | RCU_CKOUT1SRC_HXTAL | RCU_CKOUT1_DIV3);
#endif
3. 使能DCI
void dciEnable(void)
{
DMA_CHCTL(DMA1, CAMERA_DMA_CH) |= ((uint32_t)1 << 0 | ((uint32_t)0x1 << 4)); //DMA_ENABLE
DCI_CTL |= ((uint32_t)1 << 14); //DCI enable
DCI_CTL |= ((uint32_t)1 << 0); //DCI capture enable
}
主要是使能DMA和DCI。
4. 初始化OV2640
void ov2640Init(void)
{
uint8_t buf[1];
uint16_t i;
bool_t status = 0;
/* OV2640 reset */
buf[0] = 0x01;
status = i2cWrite(I2C_CAMERA, OV2640_ADDRESS, 8, 0xff, buf, 1);
if(status == FALSE)
{
OV2640_INFO(Printf("ov2640 init fail 1\n"));
}
buf[0] = 0x80;
status = i2cWrite(I2C_CAMERA, OV2640_ADDRESS, 8, 0x12, buf, 1);
if(status == FALSE)
{
OV2640_INFO(Printf("ov2640 init fail 2\n"));
}
delayms(10);
for(i = 0; i < sizeof(ov2640_svga_init_reg_tbl) / 2; i++)
{
status = i2cWrite(I2C_CAMERA, OV2640_ADDRESS, 8, ov2640_svga_init_reg_tbl[i][0], (uint8_t *)&(ov2640_svga_init_reg_tbl[i][1]), 1);
if(status == FALSE)
{
OV2640_INFO(Printf("ov2640 init fail 3:%d\n", i));
break;
}
}
delayms(100);
for(i = 0; i < sizeof(ov2640_rgb565_reg_tbl)/2; i++)
{
status = i2cWrite(I2C_CAMERA, OV2640_ADDRESS, 8, ov2640_rgb565_reg_tbl[i][0], (uint8_t *)&(ov2640_rgb565_reg_tbl[i][1]), 1);
if(status == FALSE)
{
OV2640_INFO(Printf("ov2640 init fail 4:%d\n", i));
break;
}
}
delayms(100);
}
5. 设置OV2640的像素大小
OV2640的像素大小必须是4个倍数
void ov2640SetSize(uint16_t w, uint16_t h)
{
uint16_t outh;
uint16_t outw;
uint8_t buf[1];
if((w % 4) > 0)
return;
if((h % 4) > 0)
return;
outw = w / 4;
outh = h / 4;
buf[0] = 0x00;
i2cWrite(I2C_CAMERA, OV2640_ADDRESS, 8, 0xff, buf, 1);
buf[0] = 0x04;
i2cWrite(I2C_CAMERA, OV2640_ADDRESS, 8, 0xE0, buf, 1);
buf[0] = outw & 0xFF;
i2cWrite(I2C_CAMERA, OV2640_ADDRESS, 8, 0x5A, buf, 1);
buf[0] = outh & 0xFF;
i2cWrite(I2C_CAMERA, OV2640_ADDRESS, 8, 0x5B, buf, 1);
buf[0] = (outw >> 8) & 0x03;
buf[0] |= (outh >> 6) & 0x04;
i2cWrite(I2C_CAMERA, OV2640_ADDRESS, 8, 0x5C, buf, 1);
buf[0] = 0x00;
i2cWrite(I2C_CAMERA, OV2640_ADDRESS, 8, 0xE0, buf, 1);
}
6. 初始化摄像头
最终摄像头的内容显示到TFT屏,所以这里需要把数据丢到TLI上显示出来。
tliLayer_t layer;
ov2640Init();
Printf("OV2640 ID:%x\n", ov2640GetID());
ov2640SetSize(CAMERA_SIZE_W, CAMERA_SIZE_H);
dciEnable();
delayms(100);
layer.alpha = 0xFF;
layer.bufAddr = (uint32_t)gCameraBuf;//(uint32_t)0xC0000000;
layer.defalutColor = 0x00FFFFFF;
layer.format = FORMAT_RGB565;
layer.x = 0;
layer.y = 0;
layer.w = CAMERA_SIZE_W;
layer.h = CAMERA_SIZE_H;
tliLayerInit(0, layer, 1);