STM32 同一组SPI总线上挂接不同协议的SPI芯片的问题

笔者最近工作的时候遇到了同一组SPI总线挂接了两种SPI芯片，

一种是上升沿获取数据，一种是下降沿获取数据。

明明有其他SPI总线可以用，在此就不吐槽硬件同学了。

由于这两个芯片在程序运行中会反复查询，所以SPI会反复初始化。

在调试的时候一般都是使用stm32f10x_spi.c中的这个函数

void SPI_Init(SPI_TypeDef* p_SPIx, const SPI_InitTypeDef* p_SPI_InitStruct)

不停地对SPI初始为两种情况，关于STM32 SPI的初始化我会在另一篇文章里讲解。

可是实际调试的时候发现，并不是每次初始能够成功，往往使SPI状态固定为一种情况。

于是又看了看库函数stm32f10x_spi.c

发现了一个注销初始化的函数如下

/**
  * @brief  Deinitialize the SPIx peripheral registers to their default reset values.
  * @param  SPIx: To select the SPIx/I2Sx peripheral, where x can be: 1, 2 or 3 
  *         in SPI mode or 2 or 3 in I2S mode.   
  *         
  * @note   The extended I2S blocks (ie. I2S2ext and I2S3ext blocks) are deinitialized
  *         when the relative I2S peripheral is deinitialized (the extended block's clock
  *         is managed by the I2S peripheral clock).
  *             
  * @retval None
  */
void SPI_I2S_DeInit(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(SPIx));

  if (SPIx == SPI1)
  {
    /* Enable SPI1 reset state */
    RCC_APB2PeriphResetCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1, ENABLE);
    /* Release SPI1 from reset state */
    RCC_APB2PeriphResetCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1, DISABLE);
  }
  else if (SPIx == SPI2)
  {
    /* Enable SPI2 reset state */
    RCC_APB1PeriphResetCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_SPI2, ENABLE);
    /* Release SPI2 from reset state */
    RCC_APB1PeriphResetCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_SPI2, DISABLE);
    }
  else
  {
    if (SPIx == SPI3)
    {
      /* Enable SPI3 reset state */
      RCC_APB1PeriphResetCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_SPI3, ENABLE);
      /* Release SPI3 from reset state */
      RCC_APB1PeriphResetCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_SPI3, DISABLE);
    }
  }
}

每次从新初始化SPI总线前先调用这个函数

void SPI_I2S_DeInit(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx)

对SPI进行注销再从新初始化即可。M4的驱动和M3大同小异，如果不是HAL库的话。

/**
  * @brief  Initializes the SPIx peripheral according to the specified 
  *         parameters in the SPI_InitStruct.
  * @param  SPIx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the SPI peripheral.
  * @param  SPI_InitStruct: pointer to a SPI_InitTypeDef structure that
  *         contains the configuration information for the specified SPI peripheral.
  * @retval None
  */
void SPI_Init(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, SPI_InitTypeDef* SPI_InitStruct)
{
  uint16_t tmpreg = 0;
  
  /* check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(SPIx));
  
  /* Check the SPI parameters */
  assert_param(IS_SPI_DIRECTION_MODE(SPI_InitStruct->SPI_Direction));
  assert_param(IS_SPI_MODE(SPI_InitStruct->SPI_Mode));
  assert_param(IS_SPI_DATASIZE(SPI_InitStruct->SPI_DataSize));
  assert_param(IS_SPI_CPOL(SPI_InitStruct->SPI_CPOL));
  assert_param(IS_SPI_CPHA(SPI_InitStruct->SPI_CPHA));
  assert_param(IS_SPI_NSS(SPI_InitStruct->SPI_NSS));
  assert_param(IS_SPI_BAUDRATE_PRESCALER(SPI_InitStruct->SPI_BaudRatePrescaler));
  assert_param(IS_SPI_FIRST_BIT(SPI_InitStruct->SPI_FirstBit));
  assert_param(IS_SPI_CRC_POLYNOMIAL(SPI_InitStruct->SPI_CRCPolynomial));

/*---------------------------- SPIx CR1 Configuration ------------------------*/
  /* Get the SPIx CR1 value */
  tmpreg = SPIx->CR1;
  /* Clear BIDIMode, BIDIOE, RxONLY, SSM, SSI, LSBFirst, BR, MSTR, CPOL and CPHA bits */
  tmpreg &= CR1_CLEAR_MASK;
  /* Configure SPIx: direction, NSS management, first transmitted bit, BaudRate prescaler
     master/salve mode, CPOL and CPHA */
  /* Set BIDImode, BIDIOE and RxONLY bits according to SPI_Direction value */
  /* Set SSM, SSI and MSTR bits according to SPI_Mode and SPI_NSS values */
  /* Set LSBFirst bit according to SPI_FirstBit value */
  /* Set BR bits according to SPI_BaudRatePrescaler value */
  /* Set CPOL bit according to SPI_CPOL value */
  /* Set CPHA bit according to SPI_CPHA value */
  tmpreg |= (uint16_t)((uint32_t)SPI_InitStruct->SPI_Direction | SPI_InitStruct->SPI_Mode |
                  SPI_InitStruct->SPI_DataSize | SPI_InitStruct->SPI_CPOL |  
                  SPI_InitStruct->SPI_CPHA | SPI_InitStruct->SPI_NSS |  
                  SPI_InitStruct->SPI_BaudRatePrescaler | SPI_InitStruct->SPI_FirstBit);
  /* Write to SPIx CR1 */
  SPIx->CR1 = tmpreg;

  /* Activate the SPI mode (Reset I2SMOD bit in I2SCFGR register) */
  SPIx->I2SCFGR &= (uint16_t)~((uint16_t)SPI_I2SCFGR_I2SMOD);
/*---------------------------- SPIx CRCPOLY Configuration --------------------*/
  /* Write to SPIx CRCPOLY */
  SPIx->CRCPR = SPI_InitStruct->SPI_CRCPolynomial;
}