安卓开发中使用自定义的键盘

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-20 12:09:36 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-20 12:09:36 发布

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分类专栏：安卓开发文章标签：安卓自定义键盘自定义车牌键盘车牌键盘车牌输入法安卓车牌输入法

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最近项目中有使用到自定义的键盘,就是那种特殊的键盘,是一款输入车牌的键盘,效果图如下:
在这里插入图片描述
完成以上效果我想到有两种实现方式:

第一种就是自定义键盘,主要用到的就是Keyboard和KeyboardView两个类.这种方式的话我觉得不好的一点就是需要edittext才能唤醒键盘.

第二种就是自定义两个pupopwindow或者dialog都行,这种就是在popupwindow中把按钮当成一个一个button摆好都添加点击事件,点击之后回调出点击的那个按钮的gettext()方法拿到值,对于删除键就是特殊的值和处理方式就好.这种方式的话给我的感觉不好之处就是太多初始化和点击的监听了.

我先说第一种实现步骤:

1.在工程的res目录下创建xml文件夹,然后创建两个文件,一个是放省份的键盘数据源和样式province_abbreviation.xml,一个是放数字和大写字母的键盘数据源和样式number_or_letters.xml.(注意根标签是Keyboard)

这里讲解一下各个标签的作用

根目录一定是Keyboard里面可以设置每个键的宽和高通过keyHeight和keyWidth来改变取值为(10%p)当每个key中设置了该值时以key中的大小为准.

往下是Row标签一个row标签代表一行.

在往下是Key标签里面就代表着一个一个的按键了,包裹在Row标签中,比如一行需要10个按键时就放10个key标签,keyLabel属性代表的是文本该展示什么字,codes代表的是一个assiic码表中对应的值.比如说49,50意思就是按第一下按钮时是1按第二下按钮为2.

以下贴出xml中的代码:

province_abbreviation文件中的代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Keyboard xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:horizontalGap="0.0px"
    android:keyHeight="8%p"
    android:keyWidth="10%p"
    android:verticalGap="0.0px">

    <Row android:verticalGap="1%p">
        <Key
            android:codes="20140"
            android:horizontalGap="1%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
            android:keyLabel="京"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="27818"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="沪"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="31908"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="粤"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="27941"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="津"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="20864"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="冀"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="26187"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="晋"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="33945"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="蒙"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="36797"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="辽"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="21513"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="吉"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key

            android:codes="40657"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="right"
            android:keyLabel="黑"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
    </Row>

    <Row android:verticalGap="1%p">
        <Key
            android:codes="33487"
            android:horizontalGap="6.5%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
            android:keyLabel="苏"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="27993"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="浙"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="30358"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="皖"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="38397"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="闽"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="36195"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="赣"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="40065"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="鲁"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="35947"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="豫"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="37122"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="鄂"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="28248"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="湘"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />

    </Row>

    <Row android:verticalGap="1%p">
        <Key
            android:codes="26690"
            android:horizontalGap="11%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="right"
            android:keyLabel="桂"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="29756"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="琼"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="28189"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
            android:keyLabel="渝"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="24029"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="川"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="36149"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="贵"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="20113"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="云"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="34255"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="藏"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="38485"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="陕"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />

    </Row>

    <Row>

        <Key
            android:codes="29976"
            android:horizontalGap="26%p"
            android:keyLabel="甘"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="38738"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="right"
            android:keyLabel="青"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="23425"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="宁"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="26032"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="新"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="20351"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="使"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="-3"
            android:keyIcon="@mipmap/icon_delete"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:isRepeatable="false"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="right"
            android:keyWidth="15%p" />
    </Row>

</Keyboard>

number_or_letters中的代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Keyboard xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:horizontalGap="20.0px"
    android:keyHeight="8%"
    android:keyWidth="10%p"
    android:verticalGap="50.0px">
    <Row android:verticalGap="1%p">
        <Key
            android:codes="49"
            android:horizontalGap="1%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
            android:keyLabel="1"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="50"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="2"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="51"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="3"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="52"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="4"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="53"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="5"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="54"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="6"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="55"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="7"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="56"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="8"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="57"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="9"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="48"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="right"
            android:keyLabel="0"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
    </Row>

    <Row android:verticalGap="1%p">
        <Key

            android:codes="65"
            android:horizontalGap="1%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
            android:keyLabel="A"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="66"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="B"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="67"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="C"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="68"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="D"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="69"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="E"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="70"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="F"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="71"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="G"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="72"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="H"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="74"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="J"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="75"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="right"
            android:keyLabel="K"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
    </Row>

    <Row android:verticalGap="1%p">
        <Key
            android:codes="76"
            android:horizontalGap="1%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
            android:keyLabel="L"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="77"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="M"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="78"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="N"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="80"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="P"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="81"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="Q"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="82"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="R"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="83"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="S"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="84"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="T"
            android:keyWidth="8%p"

            />
        <Key
            android:codes="85"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="U"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />

        <Key
            android:codes="86"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="right"
            android:keyLabel="V"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
    </Row>

    <Row>

        <Key
            android:codes="87"
            android:horizontalGap="7%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="left"
            android:keyLabel="W"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="88"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="X"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />

        <Key
            android:codes="89"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="Y"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="90"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="Z"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="28207"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="港"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="28595"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="澳"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />

        <Key
            android:codes="23398"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyLabel="学"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="39046"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:keyEdgeFlags="right"
            android:keyLabel="领"
            android:keyWidth="8%p" />
        <Key
            android:codes="-3"
            android:horizontalGap="2%p"
            android:isRepeatable="false"
            android:keyIcon="@mipmap/icon_delete"
            android:keyWidth="13%p" />
    </Row>

</Keyboard>

2.把xml文件创建好编辑好之后编写一个KeyboardUtil 类把需要展示键盘的Activity和edittext和该工具类绑定.

在构造方法中初始化控件和设置键盘所需要展示的样式.

public KeyboardUtil(Activity activity, EditText edit) {
        mActivity = activity;
        mEdit = edit;
        provinceKeyboard = new Keyboard(activity, R.xml.province_abbreviation);
        numberKeyboard = new Keyboard(activity, R.xml.number_or_letters);
        mKeyboardView = (KeyboardView) activity.findViewById(R.id.keyboard_view);
        mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(provinceKeyboard);
        mKeyboardView.setEnabled(true);
        mKeyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(false);
        mKeyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(listener);
    }

mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(provinceKeyboard);这行代码就是让展示键盘的View展示省份的键盘.

mKeyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(listener);然后设置监听器.

    private KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener listener = new KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener() {
        @Override
        public void swipeUp() {
        }

        @Override
        public void swipeRight() {
        }

        @Override
        public void swipeLeft() {
        }

        @Override
        public void swipeDown() {
        }

        @Override
        public void onText(CharSequence text) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onRelease(int primaryCode) {
        }

        @Override
        public void onPress(int primaryCode) {
        }

        @Override
        public void onKey(int primaryCode, int[] keyCodes) {
            Editable editable = mEdit.getText();
            int start = mEdit.getSelectionStart();
            editable.insert(start, Character.toString((char) primaryCode));
        }
    };

设置键盘的监听器,每点击一个按钮都会调用一下onkey回调方法.

因为是调用自定义的软件盘所有需要把系统自带的软键盘给禁掉.

   /**
     * 禁掉系统软键盘
     */
    public void hideSoftInputMethod() {
        mActivity.getWindow().setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_ALWAYS_HIDDEN);
        int currentVersion = android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
        String methodName = null;
        if (currentVersion >= 16) {
            // 4.2
            methodName = "setShowSoftInputOnFocus";
        } else if (currentVersion >= 14) {
            // 4.0
            methodName = "setSoftInputShownOnFocus";
        }
        if (methodName == null) {
            mEdit.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL);
        } else {
            Class<EditText> cls = EditText.class;
            Method setShowSoftInputOnFocus;
            try {
                setShowSoftInputOnFocus = cls.getMethod(methodName, boolean.class);
                setShowSoftInputOnFocus.setAccessible(true);
                setShowSoftInputOnFocus.invoke(mEdit, false);
            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                mEdit.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL);
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

KeyboardUtil中的代码如下

public class KeyboardUtil {

    private Activity mActivity;
    private KeyboardView mKeyboardView;
    private EditText mEdit;
    /**
     * 省份简称键盘
     */
    private Keyboard provinceKeyboard;
    /**
     * 数字与大写字母键盘
     */
    private Keyboard numberKeyboard;

    public KeyboardUtil(Activity activity, EditText edit) {
        mActivity = activity;
        mEdit = edit;
        provinceKeyboard = new Keyboard(activity, R.xml.province_abbreviation);
        numberKeyboard = new Keyboard(activity, R.xml.number_or_letters);
        mKeyboardView = (KeyboardView) activity.findViewById(R.id.keyboard_view);
        mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(provinceKeyboard);
        mKeyboardView.setEnabled(true);
        mKeyboardView.setPreviewEnabled(false);
        mKeyboardView.setOnKeyboardActionListener(listener);
    }


    private KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener listener = new KeyboardView.OnKeyboardActionListener() {
        @Override
        public void swipeUp() {
        }

        @Override
        public void swipeRight() {
        }

        @Override
        public void swipeLeft() {
        }

        @Override
        public void swipeDown() {
        }

        @Override
        public void onText(CharSequence text) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onRelease(int primaryCode) {
        }

        @Override
        public void onPress(int primaryCode) {
        }

        @Override
        public void onKey(int primaryCode, int[] keyCodes) {
            Editable editable = mEdit.getText();
            int start = mEdit.getSelectionStart();
            editable.insert(start, Character.toString((char) primaryCode));
        }
    };

    /**
     * 指定切换软键盘 isNumber false表示要切换为省份简称软键盘 true表示要切换为数字软键盘
     */
    private void changeKeyboard(boolean isNumber) {
        if (isNumber) {
            mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(numberKeyboard);
        } else {
            mKeyboardView.setKeyboard(provinceKeyboard);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 软键盘展示状态
     */
    public boolean isShow() {
        return mKeyboardView.getVisibility() == View.VISIBLE;
    }

    /**
     * 软键盘展示
     */
    public void showKeyboard() {
        int visibility = mKeyboardView.getVisibility();
        if (visibility == View.GONE || visibility == View.INVISIBLE) {
            mKeyboardView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 软键盘隐藏
     */
    public void hideKeyboard() {
        int visibility = mKeyboardView.getVisibility();
        if (visibility == View.VISIBLE) {
            mKeyboardView.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 禁掉系统软键盘
     */
    public void hideSoftInputMethod() {
        mActivity.getWindow().setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_ALWAYS_HIDDEN);
        int currentVersion = android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
        String methodName = null;
        if (currentVersion >= 16) {
            // 4.2
            methodName = "setShowSoftInputOnFocus";
        } else if (currentVersion >= 14) {
            // 4.0
            methodName = "setSoftInputShownOnFocus";
        }
        if (methodName == null) {
            mEdit.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL);
        } else {
            Class<EditText> cls = EditText.class;
            Method setShowSoftInputOnFocus;
            try {
                setShowSoftInputOnFocus = cls.getMethod(methodName, boolean.class);
                setShowSoftInputOnFocus.setAccessible(true);
                setShowSoftInputOnFocus.invoke(mEdit, false);
            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                mEdit.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_NULL);
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

3.在Activity中调用KeyboardUtil中的代码.

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private KeyboardUtil keyboardUtil;
    private EditText mEditText;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mEditText = findViewById(R.id.edit_text);
        mEditText.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent event) {
                if (keyboardUtil == null) {
                    keyboardUtil = new KeyboardUtil(MainActivity.this, mEditText);
                    keyboardUtil.hideSoftInputMethod();
                    keyboardUtil.showKeyboard();
                } else {
                    keyboardUtil.showKeyboard();
                }
                return false;
            }
        });

    }
}

Activity的布局文件核心代码:

<EditText
        android:id="@+id/edit_text"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <android.inputmethodservice.KeyboardView
        android:id="@+id/keyboard_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent" />

大功告成这就完成了第一种自定义键盘的功能.

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安卓开发中使用自定义的键盘

最近项目中有使用到自定义的键盘,就是那种特殊的键盘,是一款输入车牌的键盘,效果图如下:完成以上效果我想到有两种实现方式:第一种就是自定义键盘,主要用到的就是Keyboard和KeyboardView两个类.这种方式的话我觉得不好的一点就是需要edittext才能唤醒键盘.第二种就是自定义两个pupopwindow或者dialog都行,这种就是在popupwindow中把按钮当成一个一个bu...
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