【OpenCV】OpenCV实战从入门到精通之十 -- 教你如何使用OpenCV绘制基本图形

本文是《OpenCV实战从入门到精通》系列之第10篇

【OpenCV】OpenCV实战从入门到精通之一 -- OpenCV宏的讲解

【OpenCV】OpenCV实战从入门到精通之二 -- OpenCV如何进行图像腐蚀操作

【OpenCV】OpenCV实战从入门到精通之三 -- canny边缘检测

【OpenCV】OpenCV实战从入门到精通之四 -- 常用的函数讲解（mat、imread、imshow、imwrite、nameWindow）

【OpenCV】OpenCV实战从入门到精通之五 -- 教你使用Rect()函数

【OpenCV】OpenCV实战从入门到精通之六 -- 教你如何使用滑动条-createTrackbar()函数

【OpenCV】OpenCV实战从入门到精通之七 -- 教你如何使用鼠标操作SetMouseCallback

【OpenCV】OpenCV实战从入门到精通之八 -- 带你深入理解Mat容器

【OpenCV】OpenCV实战从入门到精通之九 -- OpenCV有哪些常用的数据结构和函数 

目录

本文是《OpenCV实战从入门到精通》系列之第10篇

 程序我已经详细注释

结果如图：

---

 程序我已经详细注释

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#define WINDOW_WIDTH 600          //窗口大小
#define WINDOW_NAME1 "【绘制图1】"
#define WINDOW_NAME2 "【绘制图2】"
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

//------------------------【绘制椭圆】------------------------------------------------------------------
//         自定义，绘制不同角度，相同尺寸的椭圆
// 画在img图上，中心点坐标，大小位于矩形内（长、宽），旋转角度，扩展弧度0，360，图形颜色，线宽，线型
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void DrawEllipse(Mat img, double angle)
{
	int thickness = 2;
	int lineType = 2;
	ellipse(img, Point(WINDOW_WIDTH / 2, WINDOW_WIDTH / 2), Size(WINDOW_WIDTH / 4, WINDOW_WIDTH / 16), angle, 0, 360, Scalar(255, 129, 0), thickness, lineType);
}
//----------------------------【实心圆绘制】----------------------------------
//                         自定义，绘制实心圆
// 画在img图上，圆心，圆的半径，圆的颜色，线宽-1为实心，线型
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void DrawFilledCircle(Mat img, Point center)
{
	int thickness = -1;
	int lineType = 8;
	circle(img, center, WINDOW_WIDTH / 32, Scalar(0, 0, 255), thickness, lineType);
}
//---------------------------【凹边型绘制】--------------------------------------
//                        自定义，凹边型绘制
//将多边形画到图像上，多边形顶点集为ppt，多边形顶点数为npt，多边形数量为1，多边形定义白色
//---------------------------------------------------------------------
void DrawPolygon(Mat img)
{
	int lineType = 8;
	//创建一些点
	Point rookPoint[1][20]; //二位数组，因为Point 要保存两个值
	rookPoint[0][0] = Point(WINDOW_WIDTH / 4, 7 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 8);
	rookPoint[0][1] = Point(3 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 4, 7 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 8);
	rookPoint[0][2] = Point(3 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 4, 13 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 16);
	rookPoint[0][3] = Point(11 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 16, 13 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 16);
	rookPoint[0][4] = Point(19 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 32, 3 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 8);
	rookPoint[0][5] = Point(3 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 4, 3 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 8);
	rookPoint[0][6] = Point(3 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 4, WINDOW_WIDTH / 8);
	rookPoint[0][7] = Point(26 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 40, WINDOW_WIDTH / 8);
	rookPoint[0][8] = Point(26 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 40, WINDOW_WIDTH / 4);
	rookPoint[0][9] = Point(22 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 40, WINDOW_WIDTH / 4);
	rookPoint[0][10] = Point(22 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 40, WINDOW_WIDTH / 8);
	rookPoint[0][11] = Point(18 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 40, WINDOW_WIDTH / 8);
	rookPoint[0][12] = Point(18 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 40, WINDOW_WIDTH / 4);
	rookPoint[0][13] = Point(14 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 40, WINDOW_WIDTH / 4);
	rookPoint[0][14] = Point(14 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 40, WINDOW_WIDTH / 8);
	rookPoint[0][15] = Point(WINDOW_WIDTH / 4, WINDOW_WIDTH / 8);
	rookPoint[0][16] = Point(WINDOW_WIDTH / 4, 3 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 8);
	rookPoint[0][17] = Point(13 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 32, 3 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 8);
	rookPoint[0][18] = Point(5 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 16, 13 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 16);
	rookPoint[0][19] = Point(WINDOW_WIDTH / 4, 13 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 16);

	const Point* ppt[1] = { rookPoint[0] };
	int npt[] = { 20 };
	fillPoly(img, ppt, npt, 1, Scalar(255, 255, 255), lineType);
}
//-------------------------------【画直线段】------------------------------
//                    在img图片上画一条从start到end的直线段
//                             黑色，线粗，线型
//-----------------------------------------------------------------
void DrawLine(Mat img, Point start, Point end)
{
	int thickness = 2;
	int lineType = 8;
	line(img, start, end, Scalar(0, 0, 0), thickness, lineType);
}

//-------------【main函数，程序主入口】--------------
int main()
{
	//创建空白Mat图像
	Mat atomImage = Mat::zeros(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_WIDTH, CV_8UC3);
	Mat rookImage = Mat::zeros(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_WIDTH, CV_8UC3);

	//----------------------<1>绘制第一幅图------------------------------------
	
	//【1.1】绘制椭圆
	DrawEllipse(atomImage, 90);
	DrawEllipse(atomImage, 0);
	DrawEllipse(atomImage, 45);
	DrawEllipse(atomImage, -45);

	//【1.2】绘制圆心
	DrawFilledCircle(atomImage, Point(WINDOW_WIDTH / 2, WINDOW_WIDTH / 2));

	//-----------------------<2>绘制第二幅图--------------------------
	//【2.1】绘制椭圆
	DrawPolygon(rookImage);
	//【2.2】绘制矩形
	rectangle(rookImage, Point(0, 7 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 8), Point(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_WIDTH), Scalar(0, 255, 255), -1, 8);
	//【2.3】绘制线段
	DrawLine(rookImage, Point(0, 15 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 16), Point(WINDOW_WIDTH, 15 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 16));
	DrawLine(rookImage, Point(WINDOW_WIDTH / 4, 7 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 8), Point(WINDOW_WIDTH / 4, WINDOW_WIDTH));
	DrawLine(rookImage, Point(WINDOW_WIDTH / 2, 7 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 8), Point(WINDOW_WIDTH / 2, WINDOW_WIDTH));
	DrawLine(rookImage, Point(3 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 4, 7 * WINDOW_WIDTH / 8), Point(3 * WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_WIDTH / 4));

	//-------------------------<3>显示图像--------------------------
	imshow(WINDOW_NAME1, atomImage);
	moveWindow(WINDOW_NAME1, 0, 200);

	imshow(WINDOW_NAME2, rookImage);
	moveWindow(WINDOW_NAME2, WINDOW_WIDTH, 200);

	waitKey();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

结果如图：