SMAC,prediction-correction schemes, Fractional step

The fractional-step method does not include the influence from the pressure gradient in computing uF. Thus, this velocity uF is not a prediction but an intermediate solution at a fractional step which is later updated by adding the effect from the pressure gradient to become the velocity field at the next time level. On the other hand, uP is the prediction of the velocity field in the SMAC method. The gradient of φ is added as a correction to the velocity field. Therefore, the SMAC method can be viewed as a predictor-corrector scheme. The superscripts F (fractional step) and P (prediction) were utilized to highlight these differences