微服务技术系列教程（05） - SpringBoot - 日志管理

代码已上传至Github，有兴趣的同学可以下载来看看：https://github.com/ylw-github/SpringBoot-Log4j-Demo

Log4j是Apache的一个开源项目，通过使用Log4j，我们可以控制日志信息输送的目的地是控制台、文件、GUI组件，甚至是套接口服务器、NT的事件记录器、UNIX Syslog守护进程等；我们也可以控制每一条日志的输出格式；通过定义每一条日志信息的级别，我们能够更加细致地控制日志的生成过程。最令人感兴趣的就是，这些可以通过一个配置文件来灵活地进行配置，而不需要修改应用的代码。

下面我们来讲解一下SpringBoot集成log4j。

1.1 添加Maven依赖

<parent>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
     <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
 </parent>

 <dependencies>
     <!-- SpringBoot 核心组件 -->
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
         <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     <!-- spring boot start -->
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
         <exclusions>
             <!-- 排除自带的logback依赖 -->
             <exclusion>
                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
             </exclusion>
         </exclusions>
     </dependency>

     <!-- springboot-log4j -->
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j</artifactId>
         <version>1.3.8.RELEASE</version>
     </dependency>

     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
     </dependency>
     
 </dependencies>

1.2在resources目录下新建log4j配置文件：

### set log levels ###
log4j.rootLogger=info,error,info
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender   
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout   
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm} [%t] [%c] [%p] - %m%n   

log4j.logger.info=info
log4j.appender.info=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.info.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout   
log4j.appender.info.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm} [%t] [%c] [%p] - %m%n
log4j.appender.info.datePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd   
log4j.appender.info.Threshold = INFO 
log4j.appender.info.append=false 
log4j.appender.info.File=info.log 


log4j.logger.error=error
log4j.appender.error=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender  
log4j.appender.error.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout   
log4j.appender.error.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm} [%t] [%c] [%p] - %m%n 
log4j.appender.error.datePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd   
log4j.appender.error.Threshold = ERROR   
log4j.appender.error.append=false 
log4j.appender.error.File=error.log

1.3 使用AOP统一处理Web请求日志

首先需要在maven新增AOP依赖：

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>

切面类：WebLogAspect

package com.ylw.springboot.aspect;

import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.Enumeration;


@Aspect
@Component
public class WebLogAspect {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebLogAspect.class);

    @Pointcut("execution(public * com.ylw.springboot.controller.*.*(..))")
    public void webLog() {
    }

    @Before("webLog()")
    public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {

        // 接收到请求，记录请求内容
        ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();

        // 记录下请求内容
        logger.info("URL : " + request.getRequestURL().toString());
        logger.info("HTTP_METHOD : " + request.getMethod());
        logger.info("IP : " + request.getRemoteAddr());
        Enumeration<String> enu = request.getParameterNames();
        while (enu.hasMoreElements()) {
            String name = (String) enu.nextElement();
            logger.info("name:{},value:{}", name, request.getParameter(name));
        }
    }

    @AfterReturning(returning = "ret", pointcut = "webLog()")
    public void doAfterReturning(Object ret) throws Throwable {
        // 处理完请求，返回内容
        logger.info("RESPONSE : " + ret);
    }
}

1.4 编写启动类和Controller

//启动类
@ComponentScan("com.ylw")
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
    }
}

//Controller
@RestController
public class LoginController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String login(String userName, String passWord) {
        System.out.println("userName -> " + userName + "passWord ->" + passWord);
        return "success";
    }
}

1.5 测试

浏览器访问：http://localhost:8080/login?userName=Dumas&passWord=123456

访问之后，会发现项目的根目录生成了一个info.log 日志文件

里面都是info级别的日志：

总结