STM32接收不定长数据

硬件

STM32L475

方案

使用通过修改HAL库，加入IDLE中断，实现不定长数据接收

参考资料

LAT0534_UART_IDLE中断使用_接收不定长串口数据_V0.3
关于资料下载，包括源码，参考的手册：https://www.dianyuan.com/eestar/article-3471.html

cubemx配置

实现过程

首先接入接受的数据缓冲区，并设置缓冲区的大小

//Store the revceived bytes number
uint32_t Rev_Size = 0;
//Receive buffer
uint8_t UART_RX_Buf[15];​

然后修改HAL库的usart.c文件
加入extern uint32_t Rev_Size;变量声明
修改HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_UART_AbortReceive_IT(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)该函数

#else
//修改后的代码
	CLEAR_BIT(huart->Instance->CR1, (USART_CR1_RXNEIE | USART_CR1_PEIE| USART_CR1_IDLEIE));
//  CLEAR_BIT(huart->Instance->CR1, (USART_CR1_RXNEIE | USART_CR1_PEIE));//修改前的代码
  CLEAR_BIT(huart->Instance->CR3, USART_CR3_EIE);
#endif /* USART_CR1_FIFOEN */

修改HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint8_t *pData, uint16_t Size)该函数，这里需要注意一下加入代码的位置。

__HAL_UNLOCK(huart);
		
		/* Enable the UART IDLE Interrupt*/   //加入的代码
		SET_BIT(huart->Instance->CR1, USART_CR1_IDLEIE);
		
    /* Enable the UART Parity Error Interrupt */
    SET_BIT(huart->Instance->CR1, USART_CR1_PEIE);
​

修改void HAL_UART_IRQHandler(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)函数，光放文档里面的是 USART_SR_IDLE需要换成 USART_ISR_IDLE，NDTR换成CNDTR（具体原因看技术手册和源码）

#if defined(USART_CR1_FIFOEN)
    if (((isrflags & USART_ISR_RXNE_RXFNE) != 0U)
        && (((cr1its & USART_CR1_RXNEIE_RXFNEIE) != 0U)
            || ((cr3its & USART_CR3_RXFTIE) != 0U)))
#else
		//加入的代码
		if(((isrflags & USART_ISR_IDLE) != RESET) && ((cr1its & USART_CR1_IDLEIE) != RESET))
 {
		//Record the received bytes number
		Rev_Size = huart->RxXferSize - huart->hdmarx->Instance->CNDTR;
		//clear the IDLE flag
		__HAL_UART_CLEAR_IDLEFLAG(huart);
		//Abord the received process
		HAL_UART_AbortReceive_IT(huart);
		return;
 }

    if (((isrflags & USART_ISR_RXNE) != 0U)
        && ((cr1its & USART_CR1_RXNEIE) != 0U))
#endif /* USART_CR1_FIFOEN */
    {
      if (huart->RxISR != NULL)
      {
        huart->RxISR(huart);
      }
      return;
    }
  }​

在main.c里面进行函数修改
添加中断，该中断是在开启接收后，当接收到的数据没有到达最大的接收位的时候，但是总线上停止了数据传输，总线进入空闲状态，则产生中止中断。，并进入该函数进行数据处理。

```c
void HAL_UART_AbortReceiveCpltCallback (UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
 //Print received Bytes
	printf("\n\r[IDLE]Received %d Bytes:",Rev_Size);
	for(uint16_t i = 0; i < Rev_Size; i++)
	{
	printf(" 0x%02X", UART_RX_Buf[i]);
	}
	//Re-start receiving
	HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart1, UART_RX_Buf, 15);
 /* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
 the HAL_UART_AbortTransmitCpltCallback can be implemented in the user 
file.
 */
}​

该中断的解释

```c
/**
  * @brief  Abort ongoing Receive transfer (Interrupt mode).
  * @param  huart UART handle.
  * @note   This procedure could be used for aborting any ongoing Rx transfer started in Interrupt or DMA mode.
  * @note   This procedure is executed in Interrupt mode, meaning that abort procedure could be
  *         considered as completed only when user abort complete callback is executed (not when exiting function).
  * @retval HAL status
  */​

HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart1, UART_RX_Buf, 15)；接收中断的启动函数，通过启动接收，并在中止中断里面再次开启实现循环接收。其中15是最大的可接受的数据。
具体使用，需要注意的是，printf函数需要自己加入printf支持。

int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_DMA_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
	printf("123456789\r\n");
	HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart1, UART_RX_Buf, 15);
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

​
结果