R入门练习(2)

1.使用attr(object,name)方法进行属性的自定义。

> h<- 5:12
> h
[1]  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12
> attr(h,"name")<- "test"
> attr(h,"dim")<-c(2,4)
> h
     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
[1,]    5    7    9   11
[2,]    6    8   10   12
attr(,"name")
[1] "test"
> 

2.分类（组）统计

#NO.1 计算平均值
> fruit_class<-c("苹果","梨子","橘子","草莓","苹果","橘子","橘子","草莓","橘子","草莓")
>  fruit_prices<-c(3.5,2.5,1.5,5.5,4.2,3.2,2.8,4.8,2.9,5.8)
>   tapply(fruit_prices,fruit_class,mean)
    草莓     橘子     梨子     苹果 
5.366667 2.600000 2.500000 3.850000 

#NO.2 统计最低价格
> tapply(fruit_prices,fruit_class,min)
草莓 橘子 梨子 苹果 
 4.8  1.5  2.5  3.5 

#NO.3标准差估计
> tapply(fruit_prices,fruit_class,sd)
     草莓      橘子      梨子      苹果 
0.5131601 0.7527727        NA 0.4949747 

#NO.3数组转化为向量
#as.vector可将数组转化为向量。
> x<-array(c(1:10),dim=c(2,5))
> x
     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5]
[1,]    1    3    5    7    9
[2,]    2    4    6    8   10
> as.vector(x)
 [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10