一小时掌握UDP单播和UDP组播编程（代码实例亲测有效）（Win10 64位）

 

#include <WINSOCK.H>
#include <stdio.h>
#define HELLO_PORT  7905    
#define HELLO_GROUP "228.4.5.6"    
#pragma comment(lib, "WSOCK32.lib")
#define MSGBUFSIZE 156
int main(int argc, char *argv[])    
{ 
 int server =0;
 if(!strncmp(argv[1],"-s",2))
{
  server =1;
}
if(!server)
{
 WSADATA     wsaData;
  // Initialize Windows socket library
    WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);
    struct sockaddr_in addr;    
    int fd, cnt;    
    char *message="Hello, World!";    
    /* create what looks like an ordinary UDP socket */    
    if ((fd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0)) < 0)     
    {    
        perror("socket");    
        exit(1);    
    }    
    /* set up destination address */    
    memset(&addr,0,sizeof(addr));    
    addr.sin_family=AF_INET;    
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(HELLO_GROUP);    
    addr.sin_port=htons(HELLO_PORT);    
    /* now just sendto() our destination! */    
    while (1)    
    {    
        if (sendto(fd,message, strlen(message), 0, (struct sockaddr *) &addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0)     
        {    
            perror("sendto");    
            exit(1);    
        }    
    printf("Send %s\n",message);
        Sleep(1000);    
    }    
    return 0;    
}
else
{
WSADATA     wsaData;
  // Initialize Windows socket library
  WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);
    struct sockaddr_in addr;    
    int fd, nbytes,addrlen;    
    struct ip_mreq mreq;    
    char msgbuf[MSGBUFSIZE];    
    u_int yes=1; /*** MODIFICATION TO ORIGINAL */    
    /* create what looks like an ordinary UDP socket */    
    if ((fd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0)) < 0)     
    {    
        perror("socket");    
        exit(1);    
    }    
    /**** MODIFICATION TO ORIGINAL */    
    /* allow multiple sockets to use the same PORT number */    
    if (setsockopt(fd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,(char *)&yes,sizeof(yes)) < 0)     
    {    
        perror("Reusing ADDR failed");    
        exit(1);    
    }    
    /*** END OF MODIFICATION TO ORIGINAL */    
    /* set up destination address */    
    memset(&addr,0,sizeof(addr));    
    addr.sin_family=AF_INET;    
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY); /* N.B.: differs from sender */    
    addr.sin_port=htons(HELLO_PORT);    
    /* bind to receive address */    
    if (bind(fd,(struct sockaddr *) &addr,sizeof(addr)) < 0)    
    {    
        perror("bind");    
        exit(1);    
    }    
    /* use setsockopt() to request that the kernel join a multicast group */    
    mreq.imr_multiaddr.s_addr=inet_addr(HELLO_GROUP);    
    mreq.imr_interface.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);    
    if (setsockopt(fd,IPPROTO_IP,IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,(char *)&mreq,sizeof(mreq)) < 0)     
    {    
    int err=GetLastError();
        printf("setsockopt:%d",err);    
        exit(1);    
    }    
    /* now just enter a read-print loop */    
    while (1)     
    {    
        //ssize_t recvfrom(int s, void *buf, size_t len, int flags, struct sockaddr *from, socklen_t *fromlen);    
        addrlen=sizeof(addr);  
    printf("Receiving..."); 
        //if((nbytes=recvfrom(fd,msgbuf,MSGBUFSIZE,0,NULL,NULL))<0)
    if ((nbytes=recvfrom(fd, msgbuf, MSGBUFSIZE, 0, (struct sockaddr *) &addr, (int *)&addrlen)) < 0)     
        {    
            perror("recvfrom");    
            exit(1);    
        } msgbuf[nbytes]  ='\0'; 
        printf("%s",msgbuf);    
    }    
    return 0;    
}    
}    

将其中server段程序中的加入组播组部分程序注释掉，并将组播地址修改为单播地址，那么这程序就变成了UDP单播。即

/* use setsockopt() to request that the kernel join a multicast group */    
    mreq.imr_multiaddr.s_addr=inet_addr(HELLO_GROUP);    
    mreq.imr_interface.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);    
    if (setsockopt(fd,IPPROTO_IP,IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,(char *)&mreq,sizeof(mreq)) < 0)     
    {    
    int err=GetLastError();
        printf("setsockopt:%d",err);    
        exit(1);    
    }    

部分的程序。