先说结论:
Tomcat不认识jsp, 你在地址栏 输入的 Http://localhost:8080/demo/1.jsp
看起来貌似指向 你的工程下面的 1.jsp 文件,实际上这其中发生了下面的事情
Tomcat想要找到 1.jsp文件里面的 service 方法(这是tomcat的执行机制)
但是1.jsp文件里面我们显然看不到 service方法,只有一些html和java的语法。
解决办法是:
1.jsp文件编译时被转译成 java文件
转移后的地址在: 你的Tomcat文件夹/work/catalina/localhost/你的某个项目/然后一直点进去/你的jsp对应的 java文件
你一定要找到后自己看一看
我们以我的1.jsp为例子,我的这个jsp文件转译后的文件如下:
/*
* Generated by the Jasper component of Apache Tomcat
* Version: Apache Tomcat/7.0.94
* Generated at: 2019-05-22 03:13:18 UTC
* Note: The last modified time of this file was set to
* the last modified time of the source file after
* generation to assist with modification tracking.
*/
package org.apache.jsp;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
public final class _1_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent {
private static final javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory _jspxFactory =
javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
private static java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> _jspx_dependants;
private volatile javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;
private volatile org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_instancemanager;
public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> getDependants() {
return _jspx_dependants;
}
public javax.el.ExpressionFactory _jsp_getExpressionFactory() {
if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
_el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();
}
}
}
return _el_expressionfactory;
}
public org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_getInstanceManager() {
if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
_jsp_instancemanager = org.apache.jasper.runtime.InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(getServletConfig());
}
}
}
return _jsp_instancemanager;
}
public void _jspInit() {
}
public void _jspDestroy() {
}
public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response)
throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException {
final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
final java.lang.Object page = this;
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;
try {
response.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8");
pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
null, true, 8192, true);
_jspx_page_context = pageContext;
application = pageContext.getServletContext();
config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
session = pageContext.getSession();
out = pageContext.getOut();
_jspx_out = out;
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("<!DOCTYPE html>\r\n");
out.write("<html>\r\n");
out.write("<head>\r\n");
out.write("<meta charset=\"ISO-8859-1\">\r\n");
out.write("<title>Insert title here</title>\r\n");
out.write("</head>\r\n");
out.write("<body>\r\n");
out.write("\t<b>你好这是我的第一个jsp文件</b>\r\n");
out.write("</body>\r\n");
out.write("</html>");
} catch (java.lang.Throwable t) {
if (!(t instanceof javax.servlet.jsp.SkipPageException)){
out = _jspx_out;
if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
try {
if (response.isCommitted()) {
out.flush();
} else {
out.clearBuffer();
}
} catch (java.io.IOException e) {}
if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
else throw new ServletException(t);
}
} finally {
_jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
}
}
}
你翻翻看,是不是和 servlet 文件长得挺像,但又不是?
而且最重要的是,我们知道 Tomcat 执行 Servlet文件,要求这个Servlet文件继承 HttpServlet
再看看我们这个 转译后的java文件,我们看到了 这么一句继承
public final class _1_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
什么? 你继承了 一个叫 HttpJspBase类?
不用担心,这个 HttpJspBase 类 同时继承了 HttpServlet, 这样一切就说通了。
而且 ,上述java文件中,存在着大量的 out.write( html 语句)
,这是不是和我们刚开始学习Servlet 一句一句用resp.getWriter().write( html语言 )
很像呢?
总结:
jsp文件在编译时会被转译成 java文件 ,这个java文件继承HttpServlet, 而且会对 jsp里面的 html文件进行打印,
貌似直接执行了jsp,实际上是 把jsp里面的代码 通过java重新写一遍,然后 Tomcat执行的时候执行jsp对应的java文件就行了