OpenCV中直方图的计算和绘制

OpenCV中直方图的计算和绘制

主要记录一下几个关键的API:

cvRound(
	输入一个浮点数
);//返回一个整型数，取整的方法为四舍五入

split(
	输入多通道图像，
	数组或者vector变量。
);

计算直方图

calcHist(
	&分割后的单通道图像，
	输入数组的个数，
	需要统计的通道索引，
	Mat()掩码
	储存直方图的矩阵，
	直方图的维数，
	&每个维度的bin数，
	&每个维度的取值范围，
	true，
	false
);

归一化，将直方图bin中的值缩放到指定的范围:

normalize(
	输入数组，
	归一化后的输出数组，
	归一化范围的小值，
	归一化范围的大值，
	NORM_MINMAX归一化方法，
	-1，指示归一化后的输出数组与输入数组同类型，
	Mat()掩码
);

下面你是一个手敲的demo:

#include "opencv2/opencv.hpp"
#include <vector>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main()

{
    Mat src = imread("/home/dynamicw/Project/C++_Project/opencvtest/src/lesson01/source/grass.jpg");
    imshow("src",src);

    vector<Mat> planes;
    split(src,planes);
    imshow("b",planes.at(0));
    imshow("g",planes.at(1));
    imshow("r",planes.at(2));

    int histSize = 255;
    float range[] = {0,255};
    const float* histRange = {range};
    Mat r_hist,g_hist,b_hist;
    calcHist(&planes[0],1,0,Mat(),r_hist,1,&histSize,&histRange,true,false);
    calcHist(&planes[1],1,0,Mat(),g_hist,1,&histSize,&histRange,true,false);
    calcHist(&planes[2],1,0,Mat(),b_hist,1,&histSize,&histRange,true,false);

    Mat histImage(400,400,CV_8UC3,Scalar(0,0,0));

    normalize(r_hist,r_hist,0,400,NORM_MINMAX,-1,Mat());
    normalize(g_hist,g_hist,0,400,NORM_MINMAX,-1,Mat());
    normalize(b_hist,b_hist,0,400,NORM_MINMAX,-1,Mat());

    int bin_w = cvRound((double)400/histSize);

    for(int i = 1;i < histSize;i++)
    {
        line(histImage,Point(bin_w*(i-1),400-cvRound(r_hist.at<float>(i-1))),Point(bin_w*(i),cvRound(400-r_hist.at<float>(i))),Scalar(0,0,255),2,8);
        line(histImage,Point(bin_w*(i-1),400-cvRound(g_hist.at<float>(i-1))),Point(bin_w*(i),cvRound(400-g_hist.at<float>(i))),Scalar(0,255,0),2,8);
        line(histImage,Point(bin_w*(i-1),400-cvRound(b_hist.at<float>(i-1))),Point(bin_w*(i),cvRound(400-b_hist.at<float>(i))),Scalar(255,0,0),2,8);
    }
    imshow("hist",histImage);

    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}