Python学习——9.异常处理

# print("111111111111")
#
# f = open("123.txt","r")       #制度模式打开一个不存在的文件，报错
#
# print("222222222222")         #这句代码不会执行

#此时会发生异常


#异常捕获
try:
    print("111111111111")
    f = open("123.txt","r")
    print("222222222222")

    print(num)
except (IOError,NameError):               #IOError 文件报错类型输入IO异常，筛选错误类型，过滤掉
    pass                                  #将所有可能会出现的错误类型加入其中，确保错误被捕获

异常捕获

#异常捕获，获取错误描述
try:
    print("111111111111")
    f = open("123.txt","r")
    print("222222222222")

    print(num)
except Exception as result:                    #可以把错误信息输出查看，确实具体错误位置
    print(result)                              #捕获全部异常就用Exception,可以承接所有异常

异常信息捕获描述，常用捕获关键词exception

import time
#try  finally  ~嵌套
try:
    f = open("123.txt","r")

    try:
        while True:
            content = f.readline()
            if len(content) == 0:
                break
            time.sleep(2)
            print(content)
    finally:                         ###finally最终都会执行，所有把关闭文件放这，确保关闭
        f.close()
except Exception as result:
    print(result)

try……finally和嵌套

def creatgushi():

    f = open("gushi.txt","w",encoding="utf-8")

    f.write("白日依山尽，\n黄河入海流，\n欲穷千里目，\n更上一层楼")

    f.close()

def copygushi():
    r = open("gushi.txt", "r",encoding="utf-8")
    try:
        while True:
            content =  r.readlines()
            if len(content) == 0:
                break
            try:
                w = open("copy.txt","w",encoding="utf-8")
                i = 1
                for temp in content:
                    w.write(temp)
                    i+=1
                if i>4 :
                    print("复制完成")
            finally:
                w.close()
    except Exception as result:
        print("错误")
    finally:
        r.close()


creatgushi()
copygushi()

实践：定义两个函数1.写入古诗，2.复制古诗到新的txt