背景:前几天同学做完笔试的时候问我为啥在Visual Studio上测试的时候while(cin >> tmp) 会一直卡在循环这里不结束,搞的他没法在本地调试,就想着记录一些操作供查询,也避免自己遗忘
不定期更新一些想到的小操作
1. Visual Studio控制台结束输入
问题背景:
首先在笔试网站上进行提交的时候,输入会被重定向到文件里,读到EOF(Enf Of File)就代表结束了,但是在终端输入的时候,while会一直等待你的下一次输入,这时候回车后键入Ctrl + z再回车即可结束输入。
注意 如果在最后一行追加Ctrl + z而不是换行的话,控制台会将Ctrl + z当做正常输入,所以记得要换行再输入
2. Visual Studio C++万能头文件
背景
在笔试过程中,每分钟都比较重要,在加上他会允许使用本地IDE但不能使用已有代码,与其每次用到什么再去include,不如直接包含所有的头文件,省事又省力
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
问题来了,有些人包含这个头文件会报 No such file or directory 的错误,此时最最最简单的解决办法是:
- 在你的include文件夹下新建 bits 文件夹
- 在bits文件夹下新建stdc++.h文件,将下方代码拷贝进去保存
// C++ includes used for precompiling -*- C++ -*-
// Copyright (C) 2003-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library. This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
// any later version.
// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see
// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
/** @file stdc++.h
* This is an implementation file for a precompiled header.
*/
// 17.4.1.2 Headers
// C
#ifndef _GLIBCXX_NO_ASSERT
#include <cassert>
#endif
#include <cctype>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cfloat>
#include <ciso646>
#include <climits>
#include <clocale>
#include <cmath>
#include <csetjmp>
#include <csignal>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <ctime>
#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
#include <ccomplex>
#include <cfenv>
#include <cinttypes>
#include <cstdalign>
#include <cstdbool>
#include <cstdint>
#include <ctgmath>
#include <cwchar>
#include <cwctype>
#endif
// C++
#include <algorithm>
#include <bitset>
#include <complex>
#include <deque>
#include <exception>
#include <fstream>
#include <functional>
#include <iomanip>
#include <ios>
#include <iosfwd>
#include <iostream>
#include <istream>
#include <iterator>
#include <limits>
#include <list>
#include <locale>
#include <map>
#include <memory>
#include <new>
#include <numeric>
#include <ostream>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <sstream>
#include <stack>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <streambuf>
#include <string>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <utility>
#include <valarray>
#include <vector>
#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
#include <array>
#include <atomic>
#include <chrono>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <forward_list>
#include <future>
#include <initializer_list>
#include <mutex>
#include <random>
#include <ratio>
#include <regex>
#include <scoped_allocator>
#include <system_error>
#include <thread>
#include <tuple>
#include <typeindex>
#include <type_traits>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#endif
include文件夹位置参考
Visual Studio 2015 :D:\Software\VisualStudio2015\VC\include
Visual Studio 2019 :D:\Software\VisualStudio\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.27.29110\include
D:\Software\VisualStudio\ 和 D:\Software\VisualStudio2015\ 是我自己软件的安装位置
3. 点击运行后看不到结果,控制台一闪而过
背景:此问题多见于2015版本,我自己的2019和2015都没这个问题,但我同门就有,重装也不行,不知道为啥
解决方案:
- 安装2019
- 在int main() 函数的return0之前加上一句 ==system(“pause”);==即可
int main() {
.........
system("pause");
return 0;
}
4. 代码格式化
ctrl + k + f