三、内核移植

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-09 09:12:34 发布

阿呆0110

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-09 09:12:34 发布

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分类专栏： fs4412开发板移植（全）文章标签： arm 嵌入式 exynos linux

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34029954/article/details/121344261

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三、内核移植

在这里插入图片描述

版本	作者	时间	备注
V 1.0	bug设计工程师	2021/11/10	创建文件

软件	网盘链接
0交叉编译工具	链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1yFO2NDMet9_b1E1q1rMwEA提取码：42kl
uboot源码	同上
linux源码	同上
文件系统工具	同上
tftp工具	同上

3.1 内核的配置和编译

1、编译内核

将内核源码放入 /root/linux/2linux里面
解压内核

tar xvf linux-3.14.tar.xz
进入内核目录

cd linux-3.14
修改内核顶层目录下的 Makefile

gedit Makefile

将199行左右的
ARCH ?= $(SUBARCH)

CROSS_COMPILE ?= $(CONFIG_CROSS_COMPILE:"%"=%)
修改为：
ARCH ?= arm
CROSS_COMPILE ?= arm-none-linux-gnueabi-
拷贝标准板配置文件

make exynos_defconfig
打开内核配置图形界面（该界面需要ncurses-dev库的支持）

sudo apt-get install ncurses-dev

make menuconfig
配置内核消息的打印串口为串口2

System Type —>
(2) S3C UART to use for low-level messages //按回车进去修改

保存退出
将前面编译的 uboot 源码中的 tools/mkimage 拷贝到ubuntu 的/usr/bin 目录下并且增加执行权限

cp /root/linux/1uboot/u-boot-2013.01/tools/mkimage /usr/bin/

chmod 777 /usr/bin/mkimage
编译内核

make uImage

通过上述操作我们能够在 arch/arm/boot 目录下生成一个 uImage 文件，这就是经过压缩的内核镜像。

2、生成设备树

生成设备树文件，以参考板 origen 的设备数文件为参考

cp arch/arm/boot/dts/exynos4412-origen.dts arch/arm/boot/dts/exynos4412-etc4412.dts
arch/arm/boot/dts/Makefile 中添加exynos4412-etc4412.dts的支持

gedit arch/arm/boot/dts/Makefile

在69行

exynos4412-origen.dtb

下面添加

exynos4412-etc4412.dtb \
编译设备树文件

make dtbs

3、测试

拷贝内核和设备树文件到Windows下面的tftpboot 目录下

arch/arm/boot/uImage 拷贝到Windows下面的tftpboot 目录下

arch/arm/boot/dts/exynos4412-etc4412.dtb 拷贝到Windows下面的tftpboot 目录下
打开Windows下面的tftp服务器
修改开发板uboot 参数

setenv serverip 172.16.1.116

setenv ipaddr 172.16.1.123

setenv gatewayip 172.16.1.1

setenv netmask 255.255.255.0

setenv bootcmd tftp 41000000 uImage; tftp 42000000 exynos4412-etc4412.dtb; bootm 41000000 - 42000000

saveenv

注意： 172.16.1.116 对应电脑的 ip ，172.16.1.123 对应板子的 ip这两个 ip 应该根据自己的实际情况适当修改
重启开发板（不要按其他键，uboot自动加载内核）看到如下信息，说明内核启动成功

dm9000 i/o: 0x5000000, id: 0x90000a46
DM9000: running in 16 bit mode
MAC: 11:22:33:44:55:66
operating at 100M full duplex mode
Using dm9000 device
TFTP from server 172.16.1.58; our IP address is 172.16.1.231
Filename ‘uImage’.
Load address: 0x41000000
Loading: #################################################################
#################################################################
##########################################################
710.9 KiB/s
done
Bytes transferred = 2756576 (2a0fe0 hex)
dm9000 i/o: 0x5000000, id: 0x90000a46
DM9000: running in 16 bit mode
MAC: 11:22:33:44:55:66
operating at 100M full duplex mode
Using dm9000 device
TFTP from server 172.16.1.58; our IP address is 172.16.1.231
Filename ‘exynos4412-etc4412.dtb’.
Load address: 0x42000000
Loading: ###
299.8 KiB/s
done
Bytes transferred = 33546 (830a hex)

Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 41000000 …

Image Name: Linux-3.14.0
Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
Data Size: 2756512 Bytes = 2.6 MiB
Load Address: 40008000
Entry Point: 40008000
Verifying Checksum … OK

Flattened Device Tree blob at 42000000

Booting using the fdt blob at 0x42000000
Loading Kernel Image … OK
OK
Loading Device Tree to 4fff4000, end 4ffff309 … OK

Starting kernel …

[ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0xa00
[ 0.000000] Linux version 3.14.0 (root@lyb-virtual-machine) (gcc version 4.6.4 (crosstool-NG hg+default-2685dfa9de14 - tc0002) ) #1 SMP PREEMPT Tue Nov 9 15:00:47 CST 2021
[ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor [413fc090] revision 0 (ARMv7), cr=10c5387d
[ 0.000000] CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT aliasing instruction cache
[ 0.000000] Machine model: Insignal Origen evaluation board based on Exynos4412
[ 0.000000] Memory policy: Data cache writealloc
[ 0.000000] CPU EXYNOS4412 (id 0xe4412011)
[ 0.000000] Running under secure firmware.
[ 0.000000] PERCPU: Embedded 7 pages/cpu @eefb6000 s7424 r8192 d13056 u32768
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 256528
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.3.97:/busybox-1.22.1/_install rw console=ttySAC2,115200 init=/linuxrc ip=192.168.3.140
[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Memory: 1017340K/1032192K available (3698K kernel code, 227K rwdata, 1120K rodata, 223K init, 263K bss, 14852K reserved, 270336K highmem)
[ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout:

…

3.2 以太网卡驱动移植

修改设备树，支持以太网

gedit arch/arm/boot/dts/exynos4412-etc4412.dts

在pinctrl@11000000前面第50行添加如下代码

srom-cs1@5000000 {
		compatible = "simple-bus";
		#address-cells = <1>;
		#size-cells = <1>;
		reg = <0x5000000  0x1000000>;
		ranges;
		ethernet@5000000 {
			compatible = "davicom,dm9000";
			reg = <0x5000000   0x2  0x5000004  0x2>;
			interrupt-parent = <&gpx0>;
			interrupts = <6  4>;
			davicom,no-eeprom;
			mac-address = [00  0a  2d  a6  55  a2];
		};
	};

修改文件 drivers/clk/clk.c文件

gedit drivers/clk/clk.c

将529行的

static bool clk_ignore_unused;

修改为

static bool clk_ignore_unused = true;

配置内核支持网卡

make menuconfig

配置如下

[*] Networking support --->
	Networking options --->
		<*> Packet socket
		<*> Unix domain sockets
		[*] TCP/IP networking
		[*] IP: kernel level autoconfiguration
Device Drivers --->
	[*] Network device support --->
 		[*] Ethernet driver support  --->
   			<*> DM9000 support
File systems --->
	[*] Network File Systems (NEW) --->
    	<*> NFS client support
     	[*] NFS client support for NFS version 2
     	[*] NFS client support for NFS version 3
     	[*] NFS client support for the NFSv3 ACL protocol extension
     	[*] Root file system on NFS(NEW)

编译内核和设备树

make uImage

make dtbs
如果需要测试，3.1章的3测试部分（一般不需要测试，后面NFS文件系统挂在需要网络支持）

3.3 SD 卡驱动移植

修改设备树，支持SD卡

gedit arch/arm/boot/dts/exynos4412-etc4412.dts

将132行左右的

sdhci@12530000 {
bus-width = <4>;
pinctrl-0 = <&sd2_clk &sd2_cmd &sd2_bus4 &sd2_cd>;
pinctrl-names = “default”;
vmmc-supply = <&mmc_reg>;
status = “okay”;
};

改为
sdhci@12530000 {
		bus-width = <4>;
		pinctrl-0 = <&sd2_clk  &sd2_cmd  &sd2_bus4>;
		cd-gpios = <&gpx0  7  0>;
		cd-inverted = <0>;
		pinctrl-names = "default";
		/*vmmc-supply = <&mmc_reg>;*/
		status = "okay";
	};

配置内核支持SD卡驱动

make menuconfig

配置如下

Device Drivers --->
 <*> MMC/SD/SDIO card support ---
		<*> Secure Digital Host Controller Interface support
		<*> SDHCI support on Samsung S3C SoC
File systems --->
	DOS/FAT/NT Filesystems --->
		<*> MSDOS fs support
		<*> VFAT (Windows-95) fs support
		(437) Default codepage for FAT
		(iso8859-1) Default iocharset for FAT
	-*- Native language support --->
		<*> Codepage 437 (United States, Canada)
		<*> Simplified Chinese charset (CP936, GB2312)
		<*> ASCII (United States)
		<*> NLS ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1; Western European Languages)
		<*> NLS UTF-8

编译内核和设备树

make uImage

make dtbs
如果需要测试，3.1章的3测试部分（需要后面做完文件系统才能测试）

启动开发板，通过 NFS 方式挂载根文件系统。

把 SD 卡插到 ETC4412 的 SD 卡槽里，在串口终端可以看到如下图所示：

使用下面命令可以查看SD卡的信息：

mount -t vfat /dev/mmcblk1p1 /mnt）

3.4 USB 驱动移植

修改设备树，支持USB

gedit arch/arm/boot/dts/exynos4412-etc4412.dts

在pinctrl@11000000前面第65行左右添加如下代码

	usbphy: usbphy@125B0000 {
		#address-cells = <1>;
		#size-cells = <1>;
		compatible = "samsung,exynos4x12-usb2phy";
		reg = <0x125B0000  0x100>;
		ranges;
		clocks = <&clock  2>, <&clock  305>;
		clock-names = "xusbxti", "otg";
		usbphy-sys {
			reg = <0x10020704  0x8  0x1001021c  0x4>;
			};
	};
	ehci@12580000 {
		status = "okay";
		usbphy = <&usbphy>;
	};
	usb3503@08 {
		compatible = "smsc,usb3503";
		reg = <0x08  0x4>;
		connect-gpios = <&gpm3  3  1>;
		intn-gpios = <&gpx2  3  1>;
		reset-gpios = <&gpm2  4  1>;
		initial-mode = <1>;
	};

配置内核支持SD卡驱动

make menuconfig

配置如下

Device Drivers --->
SCSI device support --->
 <*> SCSI device support
 <*> SCSI disk support
 <*> SCSI generic suppor
[*] USB support --->
 <*> EHCI HCD (USB 2.0) support
 <*> EHCI support for Samsung S5P/EXYNOS SoC Series
 <*> USB Mass Storage support
 <*> USB3503 HSIC to USB20 Driver
 USB Physical Layer drivers --->
    <*> Samsung USB 2.0 PHY controller Driver

编译内核和设备树

make uImage

make dtbs
如果需要测试，3.1章的3测试部分（需要后面做完文件系统才能测试）

启动开发板，通过 NFS 方式挂载根文件系统。
测试启动目标板并在目标板上完成如下操作：
插入 U 盘显示如下:

输入一下命令可以看到U盘信息：

$ mount -t vfat /dev/sda1 /mnt

3.5 LCD 驱动移植

Exynos4412 内部集成了一个显示控制器 FIMD（ Fully Interactive Mobile Display，完全交互式移动显示设备）。该控制器支持三种接口，分别是 RGB 接口、 indirect-i80 接口和 YUV 接口。在 ETC4412 开发板上使用的是 RGB 接口连接外部的 LCD 屏。

修改设备树，支持USB

gedit arch/arm/boot/dts/exynos4412-etc4412.dts

将190左右的

	fimd@11c00000 {
		pinctrl-0 = <&lcd_clk &lcd_data24 &pwm1_out>;
		pinctrl-names = "default";
		status = "okay";
	};

	display-timings {
		native-mode = <&timing0>;
		timing0: timing {
			clock-frequency = <47500000>;
			hactive = <1024>;
			vactive = <600>;
			hfront-porch = <64>;
			hback-porch = <16>;
			hsync-len = <48>;
			vback-porch = <64>;
			vfront-porch = <16>;
			vsync-len = <3>;
		};
	};

修改为

fimd: fimd@11c00000 {
		pinctrl-0 = <&lcd_clk &lcd_data24 &pwm1_out>;
		pinctrl-names = "default";
		status = "okay";
		display-timings {
			native-mode = <&timing0>;
			timing0: timing {
				hsync-active = <0>;
				vsync-active = <0>;
				de-active = <0>;
				pixelclk-active = <1>;
				clock-frequency = <51206400>;
				hactive = <1024>;
				vactive = <600>;
				hfront-porch = <150>;
				hback-porch = <160>;
				hsync-len = <10>;
				vback-porch = <22>;
				vfront-porch = <12>;
				vsync-len = <1>;
			};
		};
	};

配置内核支持LCD驱动

make menuconfig

Device Drivers --->
	Graphics support --->
     <*> Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support) ----
     <*> DRM Support for Samsung SoC EXYNOS Series
     [*] Exynos DRM FIMD

修改drivers/gpu/drm/exynos/exynos_drm_drv.c代码

gedit drivers/gpu/drm/exynos/exynos_drm_drv.c

在#include "exynos_drm_iommu.h"后面33行左右添加下面代码

#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <mach/map.h>
#define CLK_SRC_LCD0 (S5P_VA_CMU + 0xC234)
#define CLK_SRC_MASK_LCD (S5P_VA_CMU + 0xC334)
#define CLK_DIV_LCD (S5P_VA_CMU + 0xC534)
#define CLK_DIV_STAT_LCD (S5P_VA_CMU + 0xC634)
#define CLK_GATE_IP_LCD (S5P_VA_CMU + 0xC934)
#define CLK_GATE_BLOCK (S5P_VA_CMU + 0xC970)
#define LCDBLK_CFG (S3C_VA_SYS + 0x0210)
void exynos_drm_fbclk_preinit(void)
{/* FIMD0_SEL = SCLKVPLL, 350000000 */
__raw_writel((__raw_readl(CLK_SRC_LCD0) & ~(0x0F)) | (0x08), CLK_SRC_LCD0);
/* FIMD0_RATIO = 3, SCLK_FIMD0 = MOUTFIMD0/(FIMD0_RATIO + 1) */
__raw_writel((__raw_readl(CLK_DIV_LCD) & ~(0x0F)) | (0x04), CLK_DIV_LCD);
/* unmask output clock of MUXFIMD0 */
__raw_writel(__raw_readl(CLK_SRC_MASK_LCD) | 0x1, CLK_SRC_MASK_LCD);
__raw_writel(__raw_readl(CLK_GATE_IP_LCD) | 0x1, CLK_GATE_IP_LCD);
__raw_writel(__raw_readl(CLK_GATE_BLOCK) | (0x1 << 4), CLK_GATE_BLOCK);
/* select fimd */
__raw_writel(__raw_readl(LCDBLK_CFG) | (0x1 << 1), LCDBLK_CFG);  }

在 exynos_drm_fbdev_init(dev)函数调用前添加exynos_drm_fbclk_preinit()函数调用

	exynos_drm_fbclk_preinit();			//该行为添加代码
	ret = exynos_drm_fbdev_init(dev);	//下面这些事文件本身有代码
	if (ret) {
		DRM_ERROR("failed to initialize drm fbdev\n");
		goto err_drm_device;
	}

编译内核和设备树

make uImage

make dtbs
参考3.1章的3测试部分进行测试，看到如下信息

…

[ 1.560000] exynos-ehci 12580000.ehci: irq 102, io mem 0x12580000
[ 1.575000] exynos-ehci 12580000.ehci: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[ 1.580000] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 1.580000] mmc1: unrecognised EXT_CSD revision 8
[ 1.580000] mmc1: error -22 whilst initialising MMC card
[ 1.590000] hub 1-0:1.0: 3 ports detected
[ 1.595000] drivers/rtc/hctosys.c: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)
[ 1.625000] dm9000 5000000.ethernet eth0: link down
[ 1.825000] dm9000 5000000.ethernet eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0xCDE1
[ 1.830000] IP-Config: Guessing netmask 255.255.255.0
[ 1.830000] IP-Config: Complete:
[ 1.830000] device=eth0, hwaddr=00:0a:2d:a6:55:a2, ipaddr=192.168.3.140, mask=255.255.255.0, gw=255.255.255.255
[ 1.830000] host=192.168.3.140, domain=, nis-domain=(none)
[ 1.830000] bootserver=255.255.255.255, rootserver=192.168.3.97, rootpath=
[ 1.830000] clk: Not disabling unused clocks
[ 1.905000] usb 1-3: new high-speed USB device number 2 using exynos-ehci
[ 2.040000] hub 1-3:1.0: USB hub found
[ 2.040000] hub 1-3:1.0: 3 ports detected

…

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三、内核移植

三、内核移植版本作者时间备注V 1.0bug设计工程师2021/11/10创建文件软件网盘链接0交叉编译工具链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1yFO2NDMet9_b1E1q1rMwEA提取码：42kluboot源码同上linux源码同上文件系统工具同上tftp工具同上3.1 内核的配置和编译1、编译内核将内核源码放入 /root/linux/2linux里面解
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