已知正实数 a 、 b 、 c a、b、c a、b、c 满足 a b + b c + c a ≤ 1 ab+bc+ca\leq1 ab+bc+ca≤1. 证明:
a + b + c + 3 ≥ 8 a b c ( 1 a 2 + 1 ) ( 1 b 2 + 1 ) ( 1 c 2 + 1 ) . a+b+c+\sqrt3\geq8abc(\frac1{a^2+1})(\frac1{b^2+1})(\frac1{c^2+1}). a+b+c+3≥8abc(a2+11)(b2+11)(c2+11).
\qquad 证明 \qquad 由均值不等式得
\qquad a 2 + 1 ≥ a 2 + a b + b c + c a ≥ 4 a 2 ⋅ a b ⋅ b c ⋅ c a 4 = 4 a b c . a^2+1\geq a^2+ab+bc+ca\geq4\sqrt[4]{a^2\cdot ab\cdot bc\cdot ca}=4a\sqrt{bc}. a2+1≥a2+ab+bc+ca≥44a2⋅ab⋅bc⋅ca=4abc.
\qquad 于是, 2 b c ≥ 8 a b c a 2 + 1 2\sqrt{bc}\geq\frac{8abc}{a^2+1} 2bc≥a2+18abc
\qquad 同理, 2 c a ≥ 8 a b c b 2 + 1 , 2 a b ≥ 8 a b c c 2 + 1 2\sqrt{ca}\geq\frac{8abc}{b^2+1},2\sqrt{ab}\geq\frac{8abc}{c^2+1} 2ca≥b2+18abc,2ab≥c2+18abc
\qquad 只需证: a + b + c + 3 ≥ 2 ( b c + c a + a b ) . a+b+c+\sqrt3\geq2(\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}+\sqrt{ab}). a+b+c+3≥2(bc+ca+ab).
\qquad 由柯西不等式知
\qquad 3 ≥ 1 + 1 + 1 ⋅ a b + b c + c a ≥ a b + b c + c a \sqrt3\geq\sqrt{1+1+1}\cdot\sqrt{ab+bc+ca}\geq\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca} 3≥1+1+1⋅ab+bc+ca≥ab+bc+ca
\qquad 而 a + b + c ≥ a b + b c + c a a+b+c\geq\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca} a+b+c≥ab+bc+ca
⇔ ( a − b ) 2 + ( b − c ) 2 + ( c − a ) 2 ≥ 0. \Leftrightarrow(\sqrt a-\sqrt b)^2+(\sqrt b-\sqrt c)^2+(\sqrt c-\sqrt a)^2\geq0. ⇔(a−b)2+(b−c)2+(c−a)2≥0.
\qquad 从而,所证不等式成立.