【嵌入式应用9】三角测量和pnp,以及kdeveop的使用

1.三角测量

triangulation.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/features2d/features2d.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/calib3d/calib3d.hpp>
// #include "extra.h" // used in opencv2 
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
 
void find_feature_matches (
    const Mat& img_1, const Mat& img_2,
    std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_1,
    std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_2,
    std::vector< DMatch >& matches );
 
void pose_estimation_2d2d (
    const std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_1,
    const std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_2,
    const std::vector< DMatch >& matches,
    Mat& R, Mat& t );
 
void triangulation (
    const vector<KeyPoint>& keypoint_1,
    const vector<KeyPoint>& keypoint_2,
    const std::vector< DMatch >& matches,
    const Mat& R, const Mat& t,
    vector<Point3d>& points
);
 
// 像素坐标转相机归一化坐标
Point2f pixel2cam( const Point2d& p, const Mat& K );
 
int main ( int argc, char** argv )
{
    if ( argc != 3 )
    {
        cout<<"usage: triangulation img1 img2"<<endl;
        return 1;
    }
    //-- 读取图像
    Mat img_1 = imread ( argv[1], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR );
    Mat img_2 = imread ( argv[2], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR );
 
    vector<KeyPoint> keypoints_1, keypoints_2;
    vector<DMatch> matches;
    find_feature_matches ( img_1, img_2, keypoints_1, keypoints_2, matches );
    cout<<"一共找到了"<<matches.size() <<"组匹配点"<<endl;
 
    //-- 估计两张图像间运动
    Mat R,t;
    pose_estimation_2d2d ( keypoints_1, keypoints_2, matches, R, t );
 
    //-- 三角化
    vector<Point3d> points;
    triangulation( keypoints_1, keypoints_2, matches, R, t, points );
    
    //-- 验证三角化点与特征点的重投影关系
    Mat K = ( Mat_<double> ( 3,3 ) << 520.9, 0, 325.1, 0, 521.0, 249.7, 0, 0, 1 );
    for ( int i=0; i<matches.size(); i++ )
    {
        Point2d pt1_cam = pixel2cam( keypoints_1[ matches[i].queryIdx ].pt, K );
        Point2d pt1_cam_3d(
            points[i].x/points[i].z, 
            points[i].y/points[i].z 
        );
        
        cout<<"point in the first camera frame: "<<pt1_cam<<endl;
        cout<<"point projected from 3D "<<pt1_cam_3d<<", d="<<points[i].z<<endl;
        
        // 第二个图
        Point2f pt2_cam = pixel2cam( keypoints_2[ matches[i].trainIdx ].pt, K );
        Mat pt2_trans = R*( Mat_<double>(3,1) << points[i].x, points[i].y, points[i].z ) + t;
        pt2_trans /= pt2_trans.at<double>(2,0);
        cout<<"point in the second camera frame: "<<pt2_cam<<endl;
        cout<<"point reprojected from second frame: "<<pt2_trans.t()<<endl;
        cout<<endl;
    }
    
    return 0;
}
 
void find_feature_matches ( const Mat& img_1, const Mat& img_2,
                            std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_1,
                            std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_2,
                            std::vector< DMatch >& matches )
{
    //-- 初始化
    Mat descriptors_1, descriptors_2;
    // used in OpenCV3 
    Ptr<FeatureDetector> detector = ORB::create();
    Ptr<DescriptorExtractor> descriptor = ORB::create();
    // use this if you are in OpenCV2 
    // Ptr<FeatureDetector> detector = FeatureDetector::create ( "ORB" );
    // Ptr<DescriptorExtractor> descriptor = DescriptorExtractor::create ( "ORB" );
    Ptr<DescriptorMatcher> matcher  = DescriptorMatcher::create("BruteForce-Hamming");
    //-- 第一步:检测 Oriented FAST 角点位置
    detector->detect ( img_1,keypoints_1 );
    detector->detect ( img_2,keypoints_2 );
 
    //-- 第二步:根据角点位置计算 BRIEF 描述子
    descriptor->compute ( img_1, keypoints_1, descriptors_1 );
    descriptor->compute ( img_2, keypoints_2, descriptors_2 );
 
    //-- 第三步:对两幅图像中的BRIEF描述子进行匹配,使用 Hamming 距离
    vector<DMatch> match;
   // BFMatcher matcher ( NORM_HAMMING );
    matcher->match ( descriptors_1, descriptors_2, match );
 
    //-- 第四步:匹配点对筛选
    double min_dist=10000, max_dist=0;
 
    //找出所有匹配之间的最小距离和最大距离, 即是最相似的和最不相似的两组点之间的距离
    for ( int i = 0; i < descriptors_1.rows; i++ )
    {
        double dist = match[i].distance;
        if ( dist < min_dist ) min_dist = dist;
        if ( dist > max_dist ) max_dist = dist;
    }
 
    printf ( "-- Max dist : %f \n", max_dist );
    printf ( "-- Min dist : %f \n", min_dist );
 
    //当描述子之间的距离大于两倍的最小距离时,即认为匹配有误.但有时候最小距离会非常小,设置一个经验值30作为下限.
    for ( int i = 0; i < descriptors_1.rows; i++ )
    {
        if ( match[i].distance <= max ( 2*min_dist, 30.0 ) )
        {
            matches.push_back ( match[i] );
        }
    }
}
 
void pose_estimation_2d2d (
    const std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_1,
    const std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_2,
    const std::vector< DMatch >& matches,
    Mat& R, Mat& t )
{
    // 相机内参,TUM Freiburg2
    Mat K = ( Mat_<double> ( 3,3 ) << 520.9, 0, 325.1, 0, 521.0, 249.7, 0, 0, 1 );
 
    //-- 把匹配点转换为vector<Point2f>的形式
    vector<Point2f> points1;
    vector<Point2f> points2;
 
    for ( int i = 0; i < ( int ) matches.size(); i++ )
    {
        points1.push_back ( keypoints_1[matches[i].queryIdx].pt );
        points2.push_back ( keypoints_2[matches[i].trainIdx].pt );
    }
 
    //-- 计算基础矩阵
    Mat fundamental_matrix;
    fundamental_matrix = findFundamentalMat ( points1, points2, CV_FM_8POINT );
    cout<<"fundamental_matrix is "<<endl<< fundamental_matrix<<endl;
 
    //-- 计算本质矩阵
    Point2d principal_point ( 325.1, 249.7 );				//相机主点, TUM dataset标定值
    int focal_length = 521;						//相机焦距, TUM dataset标定值
    Mat essential_matrix;
    essential_matrix = findEssentialMat ( points1, points2, focal_length, principal_point );
    cout<<"essential_matrix is "<<endl<< essential_matrix<<endl;
 
    //-- 计算单应矩阵
    Mat homography_matrix;
    homography_matrix = findHomography ( points1, points2, RANSAC, 3 );
    cout<<"homography_matrix is "<<endl<<homography_matrix<<endl;
 
    //-- 从本质矩阵中恢复旋转和平移信息.
    recoverPose ( essential_matrix, points1, points2, R, t, focal_length, principal_point );
    cout<<"R is "<<endl<<R<<endl;
    cout<<"t is "<<endl<<t<<endl;
}
 
void triangulation ( 
    const vector< KeyPoint >& keypoint_1, 
    const vector< KeyPoint >& keypoint_2, 
    const std::vector< DMatch >& matches,
    const Mat& R, const Mat& t, 
    vector< Point3d >& points )
{
    Mat T1 = (Mat_<float> (3,4) <<
        1,0,0,0,
        0,1,0,0,
        0,0,1,0);
    Mat T2 = (Mat_<float> (3,4) <<
        R.at<double>(0,0), R.at<double>(0,1), R.at<double>(0,2), t.at<double>(0,0),
        R.at<double>(1,0), R.at<double>(1,1), R.at<double>(1,2), t.at<double>(1,0),
        R.at<double>(2,0), R.at<double>(2,1), R.at<double>(2,2), t.at<double>(2,0)
    );
    
    Mat K = ( Mat_<double> ( 3,3 ) << 520.9, 0, 325.1, 0, 521.0, 249.7, 0, 0, 1 );
    vector<Point2f> pts_1, pts_2;
    for ( DMatch m:matches )
    {
        // 将像素坐标转换至相机坐标
        pts_1.push_back ( pixel2cam( keypoint_1[m.queryIdx].pt, K) );
        pts_2.push_back ( pixel2cam( keypoint_2[m.trainIdx].pt, K) );
    }
    
    Mat pts_4d;
    cv::triangulatePoints( T1, T2, pts_1, pts_2, pts_4d );
    
    // 转换成非齐次坐标
    for ( int i=0; i<pts_4d.cols; i++ )
    {
        Mat x = pts_4d.col(i);
        x /= x.at<float>(3,0); // 归一化
        Point3d p (
            x.at<float>(0,0), 
            x.at<float>(1,0), 
            x.at<float>(2,0) 
        );
        points.push_back( p );
    }
}
 
Point2f pixel2cam ( const Point2d& p, const Mat& K )
{
    return Point2f
    (
        ( p.x - K.at<double>(0,2) ) / K.at<double>(0,0), 
        ( p.y - K.at<double>(1,2) ) / K.at<double>(1,1) 
    );
}
 

cmakelist.cpp
注意opencv路径是安装时那个安装包的路径~

cmake_minimum_required( VERSION 2.8 )
project( imageBasics )
 
# 添加c++ 11标准支持
set( CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++11" )
 
# 寻找OpenCV库
set(OpenCV_DIR /media/ufo/存储/qq下载的/ufoo/opencv-3.4.1/)
find_package( OpenCV 3 REQUIRED )
# 添加头文件
include_directories( ${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS} )
 
add_executable( triangulation triangulation.cpp )
# 链接OpenCV库
target_link_libraries( triangulation ${OpenCV_LIBS} )

编译:

使用develop导入对应的文件夹,build:
下载安装develop直接用apt-get快一些~

sudo apt-get install kdevelop

在这里插入图片描述

运行:

./build/triangulation 0.png 1.png 

效果:

在这里插入图片描述

2.pnp

pose_estimation_3d2d.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/features2d/features2d.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/calib3d/calib3d.hpp>
#include <Eigen/Core>
#include <Eigen/Geometry>
#include <g2o/core/base_vertex.h>
#include <g2o/core/base_unary_edge.h>
#include <g2o/core/block_solver.h>
#include <g2o/core/optimization_algorithm_levenberg.h>
#include <g2o/solvers/csparse/linear_solver_csparse.h>
#include <g2o/types/sba/types_six_dof_expmap.h>
#include <chrono>
 
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
 
void find_feature_matches (
    const Mat& img_1, const Mat& img_2,
    std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_1,
    std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_2,
    std::vector< DMatch >& matches );
 
// 像素坐标转相机归一化坐标
Point2d pixel2cam ( const Point2d& p, const Mat& K );
 
void bundleAdjustment (
    const vector<Point3f> points_3d,
    const vector<Point2f> points_2d,
    const Mat& K,
    Mat& R, Mat& t
);
 
int main ( int argc, char** argv )
{
    if ( argc != 5 )
    {
        cout<<"usage: pose_estimation_3d2d img1 img2 depth1 depth2"<<endl;
        return 1;
    }
    //-- 读取图像
    Mat img_1 = imread ( argv[1], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR );
    Mat img_2 = imread ( argv[2], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR );
 
    vector<KeyPoint> keypoints_1, keypoints_2;
    vector<DMatch> matches;
    find_feature_matches ( img_1, img_2, keypoints_1, keypoints_2, matches );
    cout<<"一共找到了"<<matches.size() <<"组匹配点"<<endl;
 
    // 建立3D点
    Mat d1 = imread ( argv[3], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED );       // 深度图为16位无符号数,单通道图像
    Mat K = ( Mat_<double> ( 3,3 ) << 520.9, 0, 325.1, 0, 521.0, 249.7, 0, 0, 1 );
    vector<Point3f> pts_3d;
    vector<Point2f> pts_2d;
    for ( DMatch m:matches )
    {
        ushort d = d1.ptr<unsigned short> (int ( keypoints_1[m.queryIdx].pt.y )) [ int ( keypoints_1[m.queryIdx].pt.x ) ];
        if ( d == 0 )   // bad depth
            continue;
        float dd = d/5000.0;
        Point2d p1 = pixel2cam ( keypoints_1[m.queryIdx].pt, K );
        pts_3d.push_back ( Point3f ( p1.x*dd, p1.y*dd, dd ) );
        pts_2d.push_back ( keypoints_2[m.trainIdx].pt );
    }
 
    cout<<"3d-2d pairs: "<<pts_3d.size() <<endl;
 
    Mat r, t;
    solvePnP ( pts_3d, pts_2d, K, Mat(), r, t, false ); // 调用OpenCV 的 PnP 求解,可选择EPNP,DLS等方法
    Mat R;
    cv::Rodrigues ( r, R ); // r为旋转向量形式,用Rodrigues公式转换为矩阵
 
    cout<<"R="<<endl<<R<<endl;
    cout<<"t="<<endl<<t<<endl;
 
    cout<<"calling bundle adjustment"<<endl;
 
    bundleAdjustment ( pts_3d, pts_2d, K, R, t );
}
 
void find_feature_matches ( const Mat& img_1, const Mat& img_2,
                            std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_1,
                            std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_2,
                            std::vector< DMatch >& matches )
{
    //-- 初始化
    Mat descriptors_1, descriptors_2;
    // used in OpenCV3
    Ptr<FeatureDetector> detector = ORB::create();
    Ptr<DescriptorExtractor> descriptor = ORB::create();
    // use this if you are in OpenCV2
    // Ptr<FeatureDetector> detector = FeatureDetector::create ( "ORB" );
    // Ptr<DescriptorExtractor> descriptor = DescriptorExtractor::create ( "ORB" );
    Ptr<DescriptorMatcher> matcher  = DescriptorMatcher::create ( "BruteForce-Hamming" );
    //-- 第一步:检测 Oriented FAST 角点位置
    detector->detect ( img_1,keypoints_1 );
    detector->detect ( img_2,keypoints_2 );
 
    //-- 第二步:根据角点位置计算 BRIEF 描述子
    descriptor->compute ( img_1, keypoints_1, descriptors_1 );
    descriptor->compute ( img_2, keypoints_2, descriptors_2 );
 
    //-- 第三步:对两幅图像中的BRIEF描述子进行匹配,使用 Hamming 距离
    vector<DMatch> match;
    // BFMatcher matcher ( NORM_HAMMING );
    matcher->match ( descriptors_1, descriptors_2, match );
 
    //-- 第四步:匹配点对筛选
    double min_dist=10000, max_dist=0;
 
    //找出所有匹配之间的最小距离和最大距离, 即是最相似的和最不相似的两组点之间的距离
    for ( int i = 0; i < descriptors_1.rows; i++ )
    {
        double dist = match[i].distance;
        if ( dist < min_dist ) min_dist = dist;
        if ( dist > max_dist ) max_dist = dist;
    }
 
    printf ( "-- Max dist : %f \n", max_dist );
    printf ( "-- Min dist : %f \n", min_dist );
 
    //当描述子之间的距离大于两倍的最小距离时,即认为匹配有误.但有时候最小距离会非常小,设置一个经验值30作为下限.
    for ( int i = 0; i < descriptors_1.rows; i++ )
    {
        if ( match[i].distance <= max ( 2*min_dist, 30.0 ) )
        {
            matches.push_back ( match[i] );
        }
    }
}
 
Point2d pixel2cam ( const Point2d& p, const Mat& K )
{
    return Point2d
           (
               ( p.x - K.at<double> ( 0,2 ) ) / K.at<double> ( 0,0 ),
               ( p.y - K.at<double> ( 1,2 ) ) / K.at<double> ( 1,1 )
           );
}
 
void bundleAdjustment (
    const vector< Point3f > points_3d,
    const vector< Point2f > points_2d,
    const Mat& K,
    Mat& R, Mat& t )
{
    // 初始化g2o
    typedef g2o::BlockSolver< g2o::BlockSolverTraits<6,3> > Block;  // pose 维度为 6, landmark 维度为 3
    Block::LinearSolverType* linearSolver = new g2o::LinearSolverCSparse<Block::PoseMatrixType>(); // 线性方程求解器
    Block* solver_ptr = new Block ( linearSolver );     // 矩阵块求解器
    g2o::OptimizationAlgorithmLevenberg* solver = new g2o::OptimizationAlgorithmLevenberg ( solver_ptr );
    g2o::SparseOptimizer optimizer;
    optimizer.setAlgorithm ( solver );
 
    // vertex
    g2o::VertexSE3Expmap* pose = new g2o::VertexSE3Expmap(); // camera pose
    Eigen::Matrix3d R_mat;
    R_mat <<
          R.at<double> ( 0,0 ), R.at<double> ( 0,1 ), R.at<double> ( 0,2 ),
               R.at<double> ( 1,0 ), R.at<double> ( 1,1 ), R.at<double> ( 1,2 ),
               R.at<double> ( 2,0 ), R.at<double> ( 2,1 ), R.at<double> ( 2,2 );
    pose->setId ( 0 );
    pose->setEstimate ( g2o::SE3Quat (
                            R_mat,
                            Eigen::Vector3d ( t.at<double> ( 0,0 ), t.at<double> ( 1,0 ), t.at<double> ( 2,0 ) )
                        ) );
    optimizer.addVertex ( pose );
 
    int index = 1;
    for ( const Point3f p:points_3d )   // landmarks
    {
        g2o::VertexSBAPointXYZ* point = new g2o::VertexSBAPointXYZ();
        point->setId ( index++ );
        point->setEstimate ( Eigen::Vector3d ( p.x, p.y, p.z ) );
        point->setMarginalized ( true ); // g2o 中必须设置 marg 参见第十讲内容
        optimizer.addVertex ( point );
    }
 
    // parameter: camera intrinsics
    g2o::CameraParameters* camera = new g2o::CameraParameters (
        K.at<double> ( 0,0 ), Eigen::Vector2d ( K.at<double> ( 0,2 ), K.at<double> ( 1,2 ) ), 0
    );
    camera->setId ( 0 );
    optimizer.addParameter ( camera );
 
    // edges
    index = 1;
    for ( const Point2f p:points_2d )
    {
        g2o::EdgeProjectXYZ2UV* edge = new g2o::EdgeProjectXYZ2UV();
        edge->setId ( index );
        edge->setVertex ( 0, dynamic_cast<g2o::VertexSBAPointXYZ*> ( optimizer.vertex ( index ) ) );
        edge->setVertex ( 1, pose );
        edge->setMeasurement ( Eigen::Vector2d ( p.x, p.y ) );
        edge->setParameterId ( 0,0 );
        edge->setInformation ( Eigen::Matrix2d::Identity() );
        optimizer.addEdge ( edge );
        index++;
    }
 
    chrono::steady_clock::time_point t1 = chrono::steady_clock::now();
    optimizer.setVerbose ( true );
    optimizer.initializeOptimization();
    optimizer.optimize ( 100 );
    chrono::steady_clock::time_point t2 = chrono::steady_clock::now();
    chrono::duration<double> time_used = chrono::duration_cast<chrono::duration<double>> ( t2-t1 );
    cout<<"optimization costs time: "<<time_used.count() <<" seconds."<<endl;
 
    cout<<endl<<"after optimization:"<<endl;
    cout<<"T="<<endl<<Eigen::Isometry3d ( pose->estimate() ).matrix() <<endl;
}

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required( VERSION 2.8 )
project( imageBasics )
 list( APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH /home/ufo/嵌入式/week12/g2o/g2o/cmake_modules )
# 添加c++ 11标准支持
set( CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++11" )
 
# 寻找OpenCV库
set(OpenCV_DIR /media/ufo/存储/qq下载的/ufoo/opencv-3.4.1/)
set(CSparse /home/ufo/嵌入式/week12/g2o/g2oo) 
find_package( OpenCV 3 REQUIRED )
find_package( CSparse REQUIRED )
include_directories( ${CSPARSE_INCLUDE_DIR} )


# 添加头文件
include_directories( ${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS}  ${CSPARSE_INCLUDE_DIR})
include_directories("/usr/include/eigen3")
include_directories("/usr/local/include/g2o/EXTERNAL/csparse")
add_executable( pose_estimation_3d2d pose_estimation_3d2d.cpp )
# 链接OpenCV库
target_link_libraries( pose_estimation_3d2d ${OpenCV_LIBS} ${G2O_LIBS} ${CSPARSE_LIBRARY})

遇到错误:
在这里插入图片描述
重装降级G2O~并没什么用~
可能因为cmakelist不熟悉,所以一直报错
于是参考大佬代码,没用上面那个代码,改用下面这种代码:
在cpp同级目录放一些cmake_modules:
在这里插入图片描述
pose_estimation_3d2d.cpp:

#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/features2d/features2d.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/calib3d/calib3d.hpp>
#include <Eigen/Core>
#include <Eigen/Geometry>
#include <g2o/core/base_vertex.h>
#include <g2o/core/base_unary_edge.h>
#include <g2o/core/block_solver.h>
#include <g2o/core/optimization_algorithm_levenberg.h>
#include <g2o/solvers/csparse/linear_solver_csparse.h>
#include <g2o/types/sba/types_six_dof_expmap.h>
#include <chrono>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

void find_feature_matches (
    const Mat& img_1, const Mat& img_2,
    std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_1,
    std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_2,
    std::vector< DMatch >& matches );

// 像素坐标转相机归一化坐标
Point2d pixel2cam ( const Point2d& p, const Mat& K );

int main ( int argc, char** argv )
{
    if ( argc != 4 )
    {
        cout<<"usage: pose_estimation_3d2d img1 img2 depth1"<<endl;
        return 1;
    }
    //-- 读取图像
    Mat img_1 = imread ( argv[1], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR );
    Mat img_2 = imread ( argv[2], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_COLOR );

    vector<KeyPoint> keypoints_1, keypoints_2;
    vector<DMatch> matches;
    find_feature_matches ( img_1, img_2, keypoints_1, keypoints_2, matches );
    cout<<"一共找到了"<<matches.size() <<"组匹配点"<<endl;

    // 建立3D点
    Mat d1 = imread ( argv[3], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED );       // 深度图为16位无符号数,单通道图像
    Mat K = ( Mat_<double> ( 3,3 ) << 520.9, 0, 325.1, 0, 521.0, 249.7, 0, 0, 1 );
    vector<Point3f> pts_3d;
    vector<Point2f> pts_2d;
    for ( DMatch m:matches )
    {
        ushort d = d1.ptr<unsigned short> (int ( keypoints_1[m.queryIdx].pt.y )) [ int ( keypoints_1[m.queryIdx].pt.x ) ];
        if ( d == 0 )   // bad depth
            continue;
        float dd = d/5000.0;
        Point2d p1 = pixel2cam ( keypoints_1[m.queryIdx].pt, K );
        pts_3d.push_back ( Point3f ( p1.x*dd, p1.y*dd, dd ) );
        pts_2d.push_back ( keypoints_2[m.trainIdx].pt );
    }

    cout<<"3d-2d pairs: "<<pts_3d.size() <<endl;

    Mat r, t;
    solvePnP ( pts_3d, pts_2d, K, Mat(), r, t, false ); // 调用OpenCV 的 PnP 求解,可选择EPNP,DLS等方法
    Mat R;
    cv::Rodrigues ( r, R ); // r为旋转向量形式,用Rodrigues公式转换为矩阵

    cout<<"R="<<endl<<R<<endl;
    cout<<"t="<<endl<<t<<endl;
}

void find_feature_matches ( const Mat& img_1, const Mat& img_2,
                            std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_1,
                            std::vector<KeyPoint>& keypoints_2,
                            std::vector< DMatch >& matches )
{
    //-- 初始化
    Mat descriptors_1, descriptors_2;
    // used in OpenCV3
    Ptr<FeatureDetector> detector = ORB::create();
    Ptr<DescriptorExtractor> descriptor = ORB::create();
    // use this if you are in OpenCV2
    // Ptr<FeatureDetector> detector = FeatureDetector::create ( "ORB" );
    // Ptr<DescriptorExtractor> descriptor = DescriptorExtractor::create ( "ORB" );
    Ptr<DescriptorMatcher> matcher  = DescriptorMatcher::create ( "BruteForce-Hamming" );
    //-- 第一步:检测 Oriented FAST 角点位置
    detector->detect ( img_1,keypoints_1 );
    detector->detect ( img_2,keypoints_2 );

    //-- 第二步:根据角点位置计算 BRIEF 描述子
    descriptor->compute ( img_1, keypoints_1, descriptors_1 );
    descriptor->compute ( img_2, keypoints_2, descriptors_2 );

    //-- 第三步:对两幅图像中的BRIEF描述子进行匹配,使用 Hamming 距离
    vector<DMatch> match;
    // BFMatcher matcher ( NORM_HAMMING );
    matcher->match ( descriptors_1, descriptors_2, match );

    //-- 第四步:匹配点对筛选
    double min_dist=10000, max_dist=0;

    //找出所有匹配之间的最小距离和最大距离, 即是最相似的和最不相似的两组点之间的距离
    for ( int i = 0; i < descriptors_1.rows; i++ )
    {
        double dist = match[i].distance;
        if ( dist < min_dist ) min_dist = dist;
        if ( dist > max_dist ) max_dist = dist;
    }

    printf ( "-- Max dist : %f \n", max_dist );
    printf ( "-- Min dist : %f \n", min_dist );

    //当描述子之间的距离大于两倍的最小距离时,即认为匹配有误.但有时候最小距离会非常小,设置一个经验值30作为下限.
    for ( int i = 0; i < descriptors_1.rows; i++ )
    {
        if ( match[i].distance <= max ( 2*min_dist, 30.0 ) )
        {
            matches.push_back ( match[i] );
        }
    }
}

Point2d pixel2cam ( const Point2d& p, const Mat& K )
{
    return Point2d
           (
               ( p.x - K.at<double> ( 0,2 ) ) / K.at<double> ( 0,0 ),
               ( p.y - K.at<double> ( 1,2 ) ) / K.at<double> ( 1,1 )
           );
}

CMakeLists.txt:

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
project(test)
list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake_modules)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
SET( G2O_ROOT /usr/local/include/g2o )
find_package( OpenCV REQUIRED )
find_package(Eigen3  REQUIRED)
find_package(G2O REQUIRED)
find_package( CSparse)
include_directories(
${EIGEN3_INCLUDE_DIR}
${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS}
${G2O_INCLUDE_DIRS} 
${CSPARSE_INCLUDE_DIR} 
)
add_executable(pose_estimation_3d2d pose_estimation_3d2d.cpp)
target_link_libraries( pose_estimation_3d2d ${EIGEN3_LIB} ${OpenCV_LIBS} ${G2O_LIB} ${CSPARSE_LIB})
target_link_libraries(pose_estimation_3d2d g2o_core g2o_stuff)

编译

kdevelop build一下:
在这里插入图片描述

运行:

 ./build/pose_estimation_3d2d 0.png 1.png 1.png 

效果:

在这里插入图片描述
源代码:https://github.com/2575829997/Ai-and-embedded
参考:
pnp:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_36448497/article/details/82288818
g2o:https://blog.csdn.net/slzlincent/article/details/86555166

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