Android 启动之zygote进程启动

Android 启动之zygote进程启动

system\core\rootdir\init.rc

    # Now we can start zygote for devices with file based encryption
    trigger zygote-start

system\core\rootdir\init.zygote64.rc

service zygote /system/bin/app_process64 -Xzygote /system/bin --zygote --start-system-server

• Zygote的native启动

frameworks\base\cmds\app_process\app_process.cpp

int main(int argc, char* const argv[])
{
    .......
    AppRuntime runtime(argv[0], computeArgBlockSize(argc, argv));
    // Process command line arguments
    // ignore argv[0]
    argc--;
    argv++;
    .........
    ++i;  // Skip unused "parent dir" argument.
    while (i < argc) {
        const char* arg = argv[i++];
        if (strcmp(arg, "--zygote") == 0) {
            zygote = true;
            niceName = ZYGOTE_NICE_NAME;
        } else if (strcmp(arg, "--start-system-server") == 0) {
            startSystemServer = true;
        } 
    }
   .......
    
    if (zygote) {
        runtime.start("com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit", args, zygote);
    } else if (className) {
        runtime.start("com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit", args, zygote);
    } else {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error: no class name or --zygote supplied.\n");
        app_usage();
        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("app_process: no class name or --zygote supplied.");
    }
}

system\frameworks\base\core\jni\AndroidRuntime.cpp

void AndroidRuntime::start(const char* className, const Vector<String8>& options, bool zygote)
{
    .............
    //const char* kernelHack = getenv("LD_ASSUME_KERNEL");
    //ALOGD("Found LD_ASSUME_KERNEL='%s'\n", kernelHack);

    /* start the virtual machine */
    JniInvocation jni_invocation;
    jni_invocation.Init(NULL);
    JNIEnv* env;
    //1、启动虚拟机
    if (startVm(&mJavaVM, &env, zygote, primary_zygote) != 0) {
        return;
    }
    onVmCreated(env);

    /*
     * Register android functions.
     */
    //2、注册jni
    if (startReg(env) < 0) {
        ALOGE("Unable to register all android natives\n");
        return;
    }
    .........
    /*
     * Start VM.  This thread becomes the main thread of the VM, and will
     * not return until the VM exits.
     */
    char* slashClassName = toSlashClassName(className != NULL ? className : "");
    jclass startClass = env->FindClass(slashClassName);
    if (startClass == NULL) {
        ALOGE("JavaVM unable to locate class '%s'\n", slashClassName);
        /* keep going */
    } else {
        jmethodID startMeth = env->GetStaticMethodID(startClass, "main",
            "([Ljava/lang/String;)V");
        if (startMeth == NULL) {
            ALOGE("JavaVM unable to find main() in '%s'\n", className);
            /* keep going */
        } else {
            //3、runtime.start("com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit", args, zygote)
            env->CallStaticVoidMethod(startClass, startMeth, strArray);

#if 0
            if (env->ExceptionCheck())
                threadExitUncaughtException(env);
#endif
        }
    }
    ......
}

startVm这个方法启动虚拟机以及设置虚拟机的一些参数

int AndroidRuntime::startVm(JavaVM** pJavaVM, JNIEnv** pEnv, bool zygote, bool primary_zygote)
{
    .......
    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapstartsize", heapstartsizeOptsBuf, "-Xms", "4m");
    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapsize", heapsizeOptsBuf, "-Xmx", "16m");

    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapgrowthlimit", heapgrowthlimitOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapGrowthLimit=");
    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapminfree", heapminfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMinFree=");
    parseRuntimeOption("dalvik.vm.heapmaxfree", heapmaxfreeOptsBuf, "-XX:HeapMaxFree=
    .......
 }   

• Zygote的java启动

frameworks\base\core\java\com\android\internal\os\ZygoteInit.java

public static void main(String[] argv) {
        ZygoteServer zygoteServer = null;
        ........
            if (!enableLazyPreload) {
                bootTimingsTraceLog.traceBegin("ZygotePreload");
                EventLog.writeEvent(LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_PRELOAD_START,
                        SystemClock.uptimeMillis());
                /// M: Added for BOOTPROF
                addBootEvent("Zygote:Preload Start");
                /// @}
                //1、预加载一些资源
                preload(bootTimingsTraceLog);
                EventLog.writeEvent(LOG_BOOT_PROGRESS_PRELOAD_END,
                        SystemClock.uptimeMillis());
                bootTimingsTraceLog.traceEnd(); // ZygotePreload
            }

            // Do an initial gc to clean up after startup
            bootTimingsTraceLog.traceBegin("PostZygoteInitGC");
            gcAndFinalize();
            bootTimingsTraceLog.traceEnd(); // PostZygoteInitGC

            bootTimingsTraceLog.traceEnd(); // ZygoteInit

            /// M: Added for BOOTPROF
            addBootEvent("Zygote:Preload End");
            /// @}

            /// M: Added for zygote tertiary @{
            zygoteServer = createTertiaryZygote(zygoteSocketName);

            if (zygoteServer == null) {
            /// @}

            Zygote.initNativeState(isPrimaryZygote);

            ZygoteHooks.stopZygoteNoThreadCreation();
            //2、用于通信创建进程
            zygoteServer = new ZygoteServer(isPrimaryZygote);

            /// M: Added for zygote tertiary @{
            }
            /// @}

            if (startSystemServer) {
            //2、fork SystemServer进程
                Runnable r = forkSystemServer(abiList, zygoteSocketName, zygoteServer);
                }
                            // The select loop returns early in the child process after a fork and
            // loops forever in the zygote.
            //接受ams传来的消息
            caller = zygoteServer.runSelectLoop(abiList);
            .........
    }

preload方法加载一些类，res资源等

    static void preload(TimingsTraceLog bootTimingsTraceLog) {
        Log.d(TAG, "begin preload");
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceBegin("BeginPreload");
        beginPreload();
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceEnd(); // BeginPreload
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceBegin("PreloadClasses");
        preloadClasses();
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceEnd(); // PreloadClasses
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceBegin("CacheNonBootClasspathClassLoaders");
        cacheNonBootClasspathClassLoaders();
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceEnd(); // CacheNonBootClasspathClassLoaders
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceBegin("PreloadResources");
        preloadResources();
        bootTimingsTraceLog.traceEnd(); // PreloadResources
        Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_DALVIK, "PreloadAppProcessHALs");
        nativePreloadAppProcessHALs();
        Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_DALVIK);
        Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_DALVIK, "PreloadGraphicsDriver");
        maybePreloadGraphicsDriver();
        Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_DALVIK);
        preloadSharedLibraries();
        preloadTextResources();
        // Ask the WebViewFactory to do any initialization that must run in the zygote process,
        // for memory sharing purposes.
        WebViewFactory.prepareWebViewInZygote();
        endPreload();
        warmUpJcaProviders();
        Log.d(TAG, "end preload");

        sPreloadComplete = true;
    }

最终会调用到native方法fork进程

    static int forkSystemServer(int uid, int gid, int[] gids, int runtimeFlags,
            int[][] rlimits, long permittedCapabilities, long effectiveCapabilities) {
        ZygoteHooks.preFork();

        int pid = nativeForkSystemServer(
                uid, gid, gids, runtimeFlags, rlimits,
                permittedCapabilities, effectiveCapabilities);

        // Set the Java Language thread priority to the default value for new apps.
        Thread.currentThread().setPriority(Thread.NORM_PRIORITY);

        ZygoteHooks.postForkCommon();
        return pid;
    }

zygote进程总结：

• native层
  初始化运行环境，创建jvm
  注册jni
  调用ZygoteInit.java->main()方法

• java层
  预加载一些资源，加快进程的启动
  启动socket
  循环等待
  fork SystemServer进程