OpenCV官方例程之meanshift
前言
这段时间,准备复习一下OpenCV,所有就想着学习一下OpenCV的官方例子。
今天分析的是物体跟踪的方法meanshift,也叫均值漂移。
meanshift
menshift就是利用了反向投影进行检测目标,它的官方文档:
https://docs.opencv.org/4.2.0/d7/d00/tutorial_meanshift.html
文档中用下面这个图来举例子,我的理解:首先选择一圆形区域。如图中的蓝色区域,然后计算该区域的质心(蓝色圆点),与原来的圆心位置不重合,所以该圆形向着质心移动,然后再继续计算质心,继续判断质心与圆心的关系,再移动,如此迭代,最终移动到质心和中心重合的地方,即得到了最终结果。
该方法类似于基于梯度求极值,最终会得到一个局部最优解。
官方的例子程序:
#include <iostream>
#include <opencv2/imgcodecs.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/videoio.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/video.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
const string about =
"This sample demonstrates the meanshift algorithm.\n"
"The example file can be downloaded from:\n"
" https://www.bogotobogo.com/python/OpenCV_Python/images/mean_shift_tracking/slow_traffic_small.mp4";
const string keys =
"{ h help | | print this help message }"
"{ @image |<none>| path to image file }";
CommandLineParser parser(argc, argv, keys);
parser.about(about);
if (parser.has("help"))
{
parser.printMessage();
return 0;
}
string filename = parser.get<string>("@image");
if (!parser.check())
{
parser.printErrors();
return 0;
}
VideoCapture capture(filename);
if (!capture.isOpened()){
//error in opening the video input
cerr << "Unable to open file!" << endl;
return 0;
}
Mat frame, roi, hsv_roi, mask;
// take first frame of the video
capture >> frame;
// setup initial location of window
Rect track_window(300, 200, 100, 50); // simply hardcoded the values
// set up the ROI for tracking
roi = frame(track_window);
cvtColor(roi, hsv_roi, COLOR_BGR2HSV);
inRange(hsv_roi, Scalar(0, 60, 32), Scalar(180, 255, 255), mask);
float range_[] = {0, 180};
const float* range[] = {range_};
Mat roi_hist;
int histSize[] = {180};
int channels[] = {0};
calcHist(&hsv_roi, 1, channels, mask, roi_hist, 1, histSize, range);
normalize(roi_hist, roi_hist, 0, 255, NORM_MINMAX);
// Setup the termination criteria, either 10 iteration or move by atleast 1 pt
TermCriteria term_crit(TermCriteria::EPS | TermCriteria::COUNT, 10, 1);
while(true){
Mat hsv, dst;
capture >> frame;
if (frame.empty())
break;
cvtColor(frame, hsv, COLOR_BGR2HSV);
calcBackProject(&hsv, 1, channels, roi_hist, dst, range);
// apply meanshift to get the new location
meanShift(dst, track_window, term_crit);
// Draw it on image
rectangle(frame, track_window, 255, 2);
imshow("img2", frame);
int keyboard = waitKey(30);
if (keyboard == 'q' || keyboard == 27)
break;
}
}
简单分析
运行一下官方例子,动画如下:
这个视频的地址在代码中。
meanshift在OprnCV中的函数原型是这样的
int cv::meanShift ( InputArray probImage,
Rect &window,
TermCriteria criteria
)
probImage:输入的反省投影的图
window:输入输出参数,输入特定的举行返回,进行计算后会返回新的矩形范围
criteria:算法的终止条件
调用的是很简单的,但是算法本身的原理我们还是要稍微理解一下的。
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