xmake构建工程
由于多余的文件目录太多，所以删除了bsp目录
xmake.lua构建文件编写
-- 设置工程名
set_project("stm32_rtt_nano_demo")
-- 设置工程版本
set_version("1.0.0")
add_rules("mode.debug", "mode.release")
-- 自定义工具链
toolchain("arm-none-eabi")
-- 标记为自定义独立工具链
set_kind("standalone")
-- 定义交叉编译工具链地址，根据工具链的实际位置修改
set_sdkdir("C:\\gcc-arm-none-eabi\\10 2021.10")
toolchain_end()
target("rtt_thread.elf")
-- 编译为二进制程序
set_kind("binary")
-- 设置使用的交叉编译工具链
set_toolchains("arm-none-eabi")
-- 设置平台
set_plat("cross")
-- 设置架构
set_arch("m3")
-- 设置编译生成程序名字，不设置就会使用target("rtt_thread.elf")里面的名字
--set_filename("rtt_thread.elf")
add_defines(
"USE_HAL_DRIVER", -- 使用HAL库
"STM32F103xB" -- 参考 libraries\STM32F1xx_HAL\CMSIS\Device\ST\STM32F1xx\Include\stm32f1xx.h 60行 进行设置
)
-- 添加链接库
add_links("c", "m"); -- 或者链接选项添加 ：-lc -lm -lnosys -lrdimon
add_cflags(
"-Og",
"-mcpu=cortex-m3",
"-mthumb",
"-Wall",
"-fdata-sections",
"-ffunction-sections",
"-g3 -gdwarf-2",
"--specs=nano.specs",
{force = true}
)
add_asflags(
"-Og",
"-mcpu=cortex-m3",
"-mthumb",
"-x assembler-with-cpp",
"-Wall",
"-fdata-sections",
"-ffunction-sections",
"-g3 -gdwarf-2",
{force = true}
)
add_ldflags(
"-Og",
"-mcpu=cortex-m3",
"-TSTM32F103C8Tx_FLASH.ld", -- 不同芯片需要修改链接脚本 STM32F103XE_FLASH.ld STM32F103C8Tx_FLASH.ld
"-Wl,--gc-sections",
"--specs=nosys.specs",
"--specs=nano.specs", -- 减小代码尺寸
"-u _printf_float", -- 支持printf打印浮点数
{force = true}
)
-- 源文件和头文件路径
local src_path = {
"applications",
"drivers",
"libraries/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src",
"drivers/bsp",
}
-- 头文件路径
local inc_path = {
"applications",
"drivers",
"drivers/bsp",
"libraries/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc",
"libraries/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include",
"libraries/CMSIS/Include",
"config",
}
-- RT-Thread source files
local rtt_src = {
"rt-thread/src",
"rt-thread/libcpu/arm/cortex-m3",
"rt-thread/components/finsh",
}
-- RT-Thread header files
local rtt_inc = {
"rt-thread/include",
"rt-thread",
"rt-thread/components/finsh",
"rt-thread/components/drivers/include/drivers"
}
-- RT-Thread 线程调度相关的汇编文件
add_files("rt-thread/libcpu/arm/cortex-m3/context_gcc.S")
-- 添加启动文件(根据芯片选择)
add_files("startup_stm32f103xb.s");
for _, dir in ipairs(src_path) do -- 遍历 src_path
add_files(dir.."/*.c");
end
for _, dir in ipairs(rtt_src) do -- 遍历 rtt_src
add_files(dir.."/*.c");
end
-- 添加头文件路径
for _, inc in ipairs(inc_path) do
add_includedirs(inc);
end
for _, inc in ipairs(rtt_inc) do
add_includedirs(inc);
end
if is_mode("debug") then
-- add_cflags("-g", "-gdwarf-2")
add_defines("DEBUG")
end
after_build(
function(target)
cprint("Compile finished!!!")
if is_mode("release") then
print("release finished")
os.exec("arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex ./build/cross/m3/release/rtt_thread.elf ./build/rtt_thread.hex")
os.exec("arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary ./build/cross/m3/release/rtt_thread.elf ./build/rtt_thread.bin")
end
if is_mode("debug") then
print("debug finished")
os.exec("arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex ./build/cross/m3/debug/rtt_thread.elf ./build/rtt_thread.hex")
os.exec("arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary ./build/cross/m3/debug/rtt_thread.elf ./build/rtt_thread.bin")
end
print("Generate hex and bin files ok!!!")
print(" ");
print("********************储存空间占用情况*****************************")
if is_mode("release") then
os.exec("arm-none-eabi-size -Ax ./build/cross/m3/release/rtt_thread.elf")
os.exec("arm-none-eabi-size -Bx ./build/cross/m3/release/rtt_thread.elf")
os.exec("arm-none-eabi-size -Bd ./build/cross/m3/release/rtt_thread.elf")
end
if is_mode("debug") then
os.exec("arm-none-eabi-size -Ax ./build/cross/m3/debug/rtt_thread.elf")
os.exec("arm-none-eabi-size -Bx ./build/cross/m3/debug/rtt_thread.elf")
os.exec("arm-none-eabi-size -Bd ./build/cross/m3/debug/rtt_thread.elf")
end
--print("heap-堆, stack-栈, .data-已初始化的变量全局/静态变量, .bss-未初始化的data, .text-代码和常量")
-- os.run("arm-none-eabi-objdump.exe -D ./build/cross/m3/release/rtt_thread.elf > rtt_thread.s")
-- os.exec("arm-none-eabi-objdump -h -S ./build/cross/m3/debug/rtt_thread.elf > rtt_thread.list")
end)
RT-Thread nano 自动初始化段添加
/* The program code and other data goes into FLASH */
.text :
{
. = ALIGN(4);
*(.text) /* .text sections (code) */
*(.text*) /* .text* sections (code) */
*(.glue_7) /* glue arm to thumb code */
*(.glue_7t) /* glue thumb to arm code */
*(.eh_frame)
KEEP (*(.init))
KEEP (*(.fini))
. = ALIGN(4);
_etext = .; /* define a global symbols at end of code */
/* section information for finsh shell */
. = ALIGN(4);
__fsymtab_start = .;
KEEP(*(FSymTab))
__fsymtab_end = .; */
. = ALIGN(4);
__vsymtab_start = .;
KEEP(*(VSymTab))
__vsymtab_end = .;
/* section information for initial. */
. = ALIGN(4);
__rt_init_start = .;
KEEP(*(SORT(.rti_fn*)))
__rt_init_end = .;
} >FLASH
RT-Thread nano在gcc下自动初始化段不能失效，原因是gcc的自定义段需要在链接脚本中添加自定义段
添加的自定义段如下：
/* section information for finsh shell */
. = ALIGN(4);
__fsymtab_start = .;
KEEP(*(FSymTab))
__fsymtab_end = .; */
. = ALIGN(4);
__vsymtab_start = .;
KEEP(*(VSymTab))
__vsymtab_end = .;
/* section information for initial. */
. = ALIGN(4);
__rt_init_start = .;
KEEP(*(SORT(.rti_fn*)))
__rt_init_end = .;
如果使用的容量太小的MCU，如64K小容量的，不要开启Finsh组件。
多数情况下也不要shell组件。
给RT-Thread定义的堆内存不要太大，够用就行。否则小容量的单片机RAM只有20K，其他地方定义大数组就会超过RAM大小，程序编译链接失败：
"arm-none-eabi-ld.exe: region `ram' overflowed xxx bytes"
修改链接地址和重设中断向量
修改链接地址为0x800B000，也是加载地址
/* Entry Point */
ENTRY(Reset_Handler)
/* Highest address of the user mode stack */
_estack = 0x20005000; /* end of RAM */
/* Generate a link error if heap and stack don't fit into RAM */
_Min_Heap_Size = 0x400; /* required amount of heap */
_Min_Stack_Size = 0x800; /* required amount of stack */
/* Specify the memory areas */
MEMORY
{
RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 20K
FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x800B000, LENGTH = 64K
}
- FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x8000000 改 FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x800B000
根据芯片不同，修改不同头文件
libraries/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include/stm32f103xb.h：
#define FLASH_BASE 0x0800B000U /*!< FLASH base address in the alias region */
#define FLASH_BANK1_END 0x0801FFFFU /*!< FLASH END address of bank1 */
#define SRAM_BASE 0x20000000U /*!< SRAM base address in the alias region */
- FLASH_BASE改为0x0800B000U
常用的xmake编译操作
1、编译
xmake
2、根据xmake配置生成makefile
xmake project -k makefile
3、切换到debug模式编译
xmake f -m debug // 切换为debug模式
xmake //编译
4、编译且输出警告信息
xmake -w 或 xmake --warning
5、看详细的编译参数信息
xmake -v 或 xmake --verbose
6、编译以及获取出错时xmake的调试栈信息
xmake -v --backtrace
xmake编译需要注意的问题
1、xmake.lua 如果是其他工程拷贝过来的，可以删除.xmake文件夹和build文件夹，或者执行xmake f -c强制清除配置缓存，主要是.xmake缓存了上一个工程的配置信息等，会编译失败
2、修改链接地址后不生效，生成反汇编如果不生效的话，先xmake clean清除上一次编译缓存的obj文件，再执行xmake编译
3、如果前一次编译没有错误，而此次编译出现错误，可以尝试使用xmake f -c清除配置缓存再次进行编译。
代码
https://github.com/guangjieMVP/stm32_m3_rtt_nano_xmake_template
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