boost python编译教程，C++和python相互调用

官网下载boost：https://www.boost.org/

• 打开VS2015 Developer Command Promp（VS2015开发人员命令提示）t命令行
• 定位到Boost解压后的文件夹：cd /d J:\Library\boost\boost_1_75_0
• 在命令行执行booststrap.bat，将在文件夹下生成 b2.exe和project-config.jam等文件
• 新建user-config.jam文件

# Configure specific Python version.---user for boost.python---2018.10.12---
# using python : 3.6.1
 : D:/Anaconda3/envs/lanenet/python.exe
 : D:/Anaconda3/envs/lanenet/include #directory that contains pyconfig.h
 : D:/Anaconda3/envs/lanenet/libs    #directory that contains python361.lib
 : <toolset>msvc ;

• b2 toolset=msvc-14.0 --with-python threading=multi link=static address-model=64 variant=debug --user-config=user-config.jam
• b2 toolset=msvc-14.0 --with-python threading=multi link=static address-model=64 variant=release --user-config=user-config.jam

 

•  得到如下（其中将xxx-gd-xxx的复制一份并把前面lib去掉）

• vs项目配置参数
• boost_debug.props

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" />
  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
  <PropertyGroup>
    <IncludePath>J:\Library\boost\boost_1_75_0;D:\Anaconda3\envs\lanenet\include;$(IncludePath)</IncludePath>
    <LibraryPath>J:\Library\boost\boost_1_75_0\stage\lib;D:\Anaconda3\envs\lanenet\libs;$(LibraryPath)</LibraryPath>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup>
    <Link>
      <AdditionalDependencies>python3.lib;python36.lib;libboost_numpy36-vc140-mt-gd-x64-1_75.lib;libboost_python36-vc140-mt-gd-x64-1_75.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
    <ClCompile />
    <ClCompile />
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemGroup />
</Project>

• boost_release.props 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" />
  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
  <PropertyGroup>
    <IncludePath>J:\Library\boost\boost_1_75_0;D:\Anaconda3\envs\lanenet\include;$(IncludePath)</IncludePath>
    <LibraryPath>J:\Library\boost\boost_1_75_0\stage\lib;D:\Anaconda3\envs\lanenet\libs;$(LibraryPath)</LibraryPath>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup>
    <Link>
      <AdditionalDependencies>python3.lib;python36.lib;libboost_numpy36-vc140-mt-x64-1_75.lib;libboost_python36-vc140-mt-x64-1_75.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
    <ClCompile />
    <ClCompile />
    <ClCompile>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>BOOST_PYTHON_STATIC_LIB;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
    </ClCompile>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemGroup />
</Project>

• python调用C++

  //#include<iostream>
  //#include<stdio.h>
  //
  //#include<boost\version.hpp> //包含boost头文件
  //#include<boost\config.hpp>
  //
  //int main()
  //{
  //	using namespace std;
  //	cout << BOOST_VERSION << endl;
  //	cout << BOOST_LIB_VERSION << endl;
  //	cout << BOOST_PLATFORM << endl;
  //	cout << BOOST_COMPILER << endl;
  //	cout << BOOST_STDLIB << endl;
  //
  //	system("pause");
  //	return 0;
  //}
  
  //#define BOOST_PYTHON_STATIC_LIB
  #include <boost/python.hpp>
  #include <iostream>
  #include <stdio.h>
  using namespace boost::python;
  
  char const* greet()
  {
  	return "hello, world";
  }
  
  
  BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(boostpy03)			// Python 模块开始
  {
  	using namespace boost::python;		// 打开命名空间
  	def("greet", greet);
  }

  生成boostpy03.dll

• 修改为boostpy03.pyd

• 进入python环境，运行python

  import boostpy03
  print(boostpy03.greet())

  输出：hello, world

• 成功

• C++调用python

借用这边博客https://blog.csdn.net/dielaoji0733/article/details/90678016

• cpp文件

#include <iostream>
#include <python3.5/Python.h>
#include <numpy/arrayobject.h>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    //初始化python
    Py_Initialize();
    import_array();     //numpy初始化，会报迷之警告，大家忽略它吧
    PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");
    PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('./')");				//将当前路径加入，否者会出现找不到模块，这两句话非常重要
    PyObject *py_Module = PyImport_ImportModule("TestModule");          //引入模块
    PyObject *py_main = PyObject_GetAttrString(py_Module,"main");       //获取main函数

    npy_intp Dims[3] = {480, 640, 3}; //给定维度信息

    cv::VideoCapture cap(1);
    cv::Mat frame;

    while(1)
    {
        cap>>frame;

        /*生成包含这个多维数组的PyObject对象，使用PyArray_SimpleNewFromData函数，
         * 第一个参数2表示维度，第二个为维度数组Dims,第三个参数指出数组的类型，第四个参数为数组*/
        /*关键：直接将矩阵的数据指针传入即可 numpy操作即可转换程对Mat操作。经测试任意维度的任意类型数据均适用*/
        PyObject *PyArray  = PyArray_SimpleNewFromData(3, Dims, NPY_UBYTE, frame.data);
        PyObject *ArgArray = PyTuple_New(1);
        PyTuple_SetItem(ArgArray, 0, PyArray); //同样定义大小与Python函数参数个数一致的PyTuple对象
        PyArrayObject *py_return = (PyArrayObject *)PyEval_CallObject(py_main, ArgArray);
        /*关键： 反馈回来的数据直接将矩阵数据指针指向ArrayObject的数据即可*/
        cv::Mat img(cv::Size(640,480),CV_8UC3);
        img.data = (u_char*)py_return->data;            //直接将图像的数据指针指向numpy返回的数据
        cv::imshow("c++",img);
        cv::waitKey(1);
    }
    Py_Finalize();    //释放python
    return 0;
}

• py文件

import cv2

def main(img):
    cv2.imshow('py', img)
    cv2.waitKey(1)
    return img

if __name__ == "__main__":
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(1)
    while True:
        _, img = cap.read()
        main(img)

 出现的问题 PyObject *py_Module = PyImport_ImportModule("TestModule"); 返回值为NULL

指向你这个python的环境，查询sys.path所有内容，把相关的地址都放进去就可以了