Overloaded ‘operator>>‘ must be a binary operator (has 3 parameters)

本文介绍了如何解决C++中常见的“Overloaded‘operator>>’mustbeabinaryoperator(has3parameters)”错误。通过两种方法——定义为友元函数或者在类外声明,来避免成员函数隐式获取第一个参数导致的问题。

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Overloaded ‘operator>>’ must be a binary operator (has 3 parameters)

解决方法

遇到这个问题一般是在类内编写重载运算符的时候遇到。
解决方式有两种:

  1. 如果你希望其变为一个友元函数,那么直接在重载运算符的声明前面加上friend关键字
friend std::istream& operator>> (std::istream&, Str&);
  1. 如果你不希望其变为一个友元函数使得可以访问类内成员,那么就将其在类的外部进行声明
class class_name{

}
std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream&, const Str&);

问题分析

这个bug潜在的原因为:

A member function takes an implicit first parameter, meaning your operator now takes three parameters

一个成员函数需要隐式的获取第一个参数,这就导致在类内编写重载二元运算符的成员函数的时候需要传递三个参数,从而导致了这个bug。

a.cpp:35:5: error: ‘Stud’ has not been declared 35 | int Stud::sum=0; | ^~~~ a.cpp:35:15: error: ‘int Student::sum’ conflicts with a previous declaration 35 | int Stud::sum=0; | ^ a.cpp:15:19: note: previous declaration ‘double Student::sum’ 15 | static double sum; | ^~~ a.cpp:36:5: error: ‘Stud’ has not been declared 36 | int Stud::num=0; | ^~~~ a.cpp:45:2: error: expected ‘}’ at end of input 45 | } | ^ a.cpp:9:15: note: to match this ‘{’ 9 | class Student { | ^ a.cpp: In member function ‘void Student::print()’: a.cpp:28:24: error: expected primary-expression before ‘,’ token 28 | cout <<number<<, name<<, score<< endl; | ^ a.cpp:28:32: error: expected primary-expression before ‘,’ token 28 | cout <<number<<, name<<, score<< endl; | ^ a.cpp:28:39: error: invalid operands of types ‘float’ and ‘<unresolved overloaded function type>’ to binaryoperator<<’ 28 | cout <<number<<, name<<, score<< endl; | ~~~~~^~~~~~~ a.cpp: In member function ‘int Student::main()’: a.cpp:39:5: error: ‘Stud’ was not declared in this scope 39 | Stud s1(1,"Li",89),s2(2,"Chert",78),s3(3,"zheng",94); | ^~~~ a.cpp:40:5: error: ‘s1’ was not declared in this scope 40 | s1.disp(); | ^~ a.cpp:41:5: error: ‘s2’ was not declared in this scope 41 | s2.disp(); | ^~ a.cpp:42:5: error: ‘s3’ was not declared in this scope 42 | s3.disp(); | ^~ a.cpp:43:19: error: ‘Stud’ is not a class, namespace, or enumeration 43 | cout<<"avg="<<Stud::avg()<<endl; | ^~~~ a.cpp: At global scope: a.cpp:45:2: error: expected unqualified-id at end of input 45 | } | ^
最新发布
04-03
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