基于GEE中ERA5-Land 小时数据的自定义区域提取

一、GEE中的ERA5产品介绍

ERA5中包含常用的气象产品，主要时空分辨率：Houlry， 25km*25km

1. GEE中的ERA5产品 。小时级别产品目前只找到ERA5-Land产品¹，未发现ERA5 产品²。

GEE产品	常见波段
ERA5 Daily Aggregates3	D2M、TP、SP、U10、V10
ERA5-Land Hourly4	T2M, SP, SSR_sum, TP_sum, U10, V10
ERA5-Land Daily Aggregated5	T2M, SP, SSR_sum, TP_sum, U10, V10

二、GEE处理代码，以ERA5 Daily Aggregates为例。

矢量文件样例参考：浙江省-shp矢量文件，用于GEE数据提取

// 导入浙江省边界数据
var zhejiang = ee.FeatureCollection("users/code12ab/zhejiang_boundary");

// 设置区域和时间范围（UTC+8时间）

var region = zhejiang.geometry();
var startDate = '2023-01-01';
var endDate = '2024-01-01'; // 结束时间需加1天，以便包含2023年的全部数据

// change uct to utc-8, but no usefull in here for daily date
// var start = ee.Date(startDate).advance(-8, 'hour');
// var end = ee.Date(endDate).advance(-8, 'hour');
// print(start, end)
var start = startDate;
var end = endDate;
// 提取ERA5气象变量
// era5数据: [['r', 'sp', 'ssr', 't2m', 'tcc', 'tp', 'u10', 'u100', 'v10', 'v100']]
// era5-land(cds):[['-', 'surface_pressure', 'surface_net_solar_radiation_hourly', 'temperature_2m', '-', 'Total precipitation	', '10m u-component of wind', '-', '10m v-component of wind', '-']]


//  单位：SP:pa, SSR:J/m2(/(3600*24) = W/m2), T2M:K(K-273.15=°C), TP:m(/1000 = mm), U10:m/s
var era5 = ee.ImageCollection("ECMWF/ERA5_LAND/DAILY_AGGR")
            .select(['surface_pressure', 'surface_net_solar_radiation_sum', 'temperature_2m', 'total_precipitation_sum', 'u_component_of_wind_10m', 'v_component_of_wind_10m'])
            .filterBounds(region)
            .filterDate(start, end);
print(era5)
// get the time for the first img
var firstImage = era5.first(); 
print(firstImage.get('system:index'));
            
            
var resolution = era5.first().projection().nominalScale();
print("original img resolution:", resolution)

var era5Mean = era5.select(['surface_pressure', 'surface_net_solar_radiation_sum', 'temperature_2m', 
                            'total_precipitation_sum', 'u_component_of_wind_10m', 'v_component_of_wind_10m'])
                   .map(function(image) {
                    var reduction = image.reduceRegion({
                       reducer: ee.Reducer.mean(),  
                       geometry: region,  
                       scale: resolution
                     });
                    return ee.Feature(null, reduction).setGeometry(region); 
                   });
                   
era5Mean = ee.FeatureCollection(era5Mean);
               
// 将结果导出为CSV文件           
Export.table.toDrive({
  collection: era5Mean, 
  description: 'era5Mean_utc',
  fileFormat: 'CSV'
});

三、GEE导出CSV的数据形式：

参考

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1. 官网：ERA5-Land hourly data from 1950 to present ↩︎

2. 官网：ERA5 hourly data on single levels from 1940 to present ↩︎

3. GEE：ERA5 Daily Aggregates - Latest Climate Reanalysis Produced by ECMWF / Copernicus Climate Change Service ↩︎

4. GEE: ERA5-Land Hourly - ECMWF Climate Reanalysis ↩︎

5. GEE：ERA5-Land Daily Aggregated - ECMWF Climate Reanalysis ↩︎