绘制图片直方图的两种方法(line函数和rectangle函数)

 1、绘制直方图有两种方法

• 通过line函数，绘制直线实现
• 通过rectangle函数，绘制矩形实现

源码如下：

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
	Mat srcImage = imread("1.jpg", 0);
	if (srcImage.empty()) {
		printf("could not load this picture!\n");
		return -1;
	}
	//调用calcHist函数，得到直方图数组
	int bins = 256;
	int * histsize = &bins;
	int channel = 0;
	float hRange[] = { 0, 256 };
	const float * range = { hRange };
	MatND histValue;
	calcHist(&srcImage, 1, &channel, Mat(), histValue, 1, histsize, &range);
	//归一化处理
	int hist_w = 256;        //输入图片的宽
	int hist_h = 256;        //输出图片的高
	Mat histImage = Mat(hist_h, hist_w, CV_8UC3, Scalar(255, 255, 255));
	int scale = cvRound(hist_w / bins);    //输入图片的宽与bin的比值，为了下文等距绘制直方图
	normalize(histValue, histValue, 0, histImage.rows,NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());
	//绘制图像直方图
	//for (size_t i = 0; i < bins - 1; i++) {
	//	line(histImage, Point(scale * i, histValue.rows - cvRound(histValue.at<float>(i))), 
	//		Point(scale * i, histImage.rows - cvRound(histValue.at<float>(i + 1))), Scalar(), 1, LINE_AA);
	//}
	//使用矩形绘制图像直方图
    /*
    *    绘制矩形时，需要两个锚点p1和p2
    *    p1是指矩形左下角的点，特征是:x = i, y = 0
    *    p2是指矩形右上角的点，特征是:x = i+1, y = 屏幕的高减去此点的值
    */
	for (size_t i = 0; i < bins - 1; i++) {
		rectangle(histImage, Point(scale * i, 0), 
			Point(scale * (i + 1), histValue.rows - cvRound(histValue.at<float>(i + 1))), Scalar(0, 0, 0), 1, LINE_AA);
	}
	imshow("效果图", histImage);
	imshow("源图像", srcImage);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}