flutter与安卓通信| flutter 调用Native方法| native 使用flutter widget

0. 准备

我的flutter版本是 1.12.13, 请确保版本差距不大! google更新的实在太快了!

1. Flutter调用Native方法(Android)

Flutter 与 原生代码进行通信, 就好比两个人在打电话, 都要先准备好电话(MethodChannel), 再根据同一条线的链接(Channel)来进行通信

• Flutter 请求数据的过程
  
  
  flutter调用底层方法关键使用 MethodChannel类中的 invodeMothed方法, 有以下几个要点

1. MethodChannel(键名):即构建一个电话,通信两端都需要, 构造函数参数为一个键名, 用来标识Channel, 与Native 代码中的Channel名字保持一致
2. invokeMethod(函数名): 即拨打电话, 需要指定一条线路,目的是接收原生通信端提供的服务,参数为函数名, 用来标识调用的函数, 与Native 代码中的函数名保持一致
3. setMethodCallHandler: 即接收一个电话, 为同一条线路上拨打来的电话提供服务

1.1 Flutter 端

在flutter端有以下要点:

1. 搭建座机: 即建立 MethodChannel 对象
2. 发送请求: 即调用MethodChannel对象的 invokeMethod方法

1.2 Android 端

1. 搭建座机: 也需要构建MethodChannel 对象
2. 接受请求: 使用MethodChannel对象中的setMethodCallHandler 方法

2. 代码实例

2.1 项目介绍

项目调用原生代码来获取手机电量, 并且显示, 如下图

2.2 编写flutter 端代码

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'dart:async';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';


void main() => runApp(MyApp());

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  return MaterialApp(
    title: 'Flutter Demo',
    theme: ThemeData(
      primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
    ),
    home: MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),
  );
}
}

class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
  MyHomePage({Key key, this.title}) : super(key: key);
  final String title;

  @override
  _MyHomePageState createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {


  //1. 搭建桥梁Channel: 名字为samples.flutter.dev/battery, 是一个键, 与native端通信用
  static const batteryChannel = const MethodChannel("samples.flutter.dev/battery");


  String _batteryPercentage;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: Text("TestNativeFlutter"),),
      body: Container(
        alignment: Alignment.center,
        color: Colors.green,
      child: Column(
        mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
        children: <Widget>[
        MaterialButton(
          onPressed:_getBatteryInformation,
          color: Colors.blueAccent,
          child: Padding(
            padding:  EdgeInsets.all(16.0),
            child: Text(
              "click me",
              style: TextStyle(
                color: Colors.white,
                fontSize: 35.0
              ),
            ),
          ),
        ),
          Text(_batteryPercentage,style: TextStyle(fontSize: 20.0),)
      ],),
      ),
    );
  }


  Future<void> _getBatteryInformation() async{
    String batteryPercentage;
    try{

      //2. 发送信息, 请求数据
      final int result = await batteryChannel.invokeMethod('getBatteryLevel');

      batteryPercentage = 'Battery level at $result %';

    }on PlatformException catch(e){
      batteryPercentage = "Failed to get battery level: '${e.message}' ";
    }
    setState(() {
      _batteryPercentage = batteryPercentage;
    });


  }


}

2.3 编写 Android端原生代码

package com.example.test_flutter_native

import android.content.Context
import android.content.ContextWrapper
import android.content.Intent
import android.content.IntentFilter
import android.os.BatteryManager
import android.os.Build.VERSION
import android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat.getSystemService
import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity
import io.flutter.embedding.engine.FlutterEngine
import io.flutter.plugin.common.MethodChannel
import io.flutter.plugins.GeneratedPluginRegistrant





class MainActivity: FlutterActivity() {
    private val CHANNEL = "samples.flutter.dev/battery"

    override fun configureFlutterEngine(@NonNull flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) {
        GeneratedPluginRegistrant.registerWith(flutterEngine);
        
        //1. 建立座机, 为通信做准备, CHANNEL名字为samples.flutter.dev/battery, 与注意要与flutter端相同
         val methodChannel=MethodChannel(flutterEngine.dartExecutor, CHANNEL)
        
        
        //2. 接收消息, 且根据接收的消息来做出反应 
        methodChannel.setMethodCallHandler{
            call, result ->
            if(call.method == "getBatteryLevel") {
                val batteryLevel = getBatteryLevel()

                if (batteryLevel != -1) {
                    result.success(batteryLevel)
                } else {
                    result.error("UNABAILABLE", "Battery level not available ", null)
                }
            }else{
                result.notImplemented()

            }

        }

    }




    private fun getBatteryLevel(): Int {
        val batteryLevel: Int
        if (VERSION.SDK_INT >= VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
            val batteryManager = getSystemService(Context.BATTERY_SERVICE) as BatteryManager
            batteryLevel = batteryManager.getIntProperty(BatteryManager.BATTERY_PROPERTY_CAPACITY)
        } else {
            val intent = ContextWrapper(applicationContext).registerReceiver(null, IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED))
            batteryLevel = intent!!.getIntExtra(BatteryManager.EXTRA_LEVEL, -1) * 100 / intent.getIntExtra(BatteryManager.EXTRA_SCALE, -1)
        }

        return batteryLevel
    }
}