c++小练习

1.结构体与指针

功能描述：做一个简单的通讯录录入，然后将其保存到文件中。

#include <iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<string>

using namespace std;
struct yg
{
  string name;
  string number;
};
int main()
{
  yg a;
  yg *pa=&a;
  cout<<"input the name:";
  cin>>pa->name;
  cout<<'\n';
  cout<<"input the number:";
  cin>>pa->number;
    cout<<'\n';
  cout<<"the name is:"<<a.name<<'\n'<<"the number is:"<<a.number<<'\n';

  ofstream test("test.txt");
  test<<"the name is:"<<a.name<<'\n';
  test<<"the number is:"<<a.number<<'\n';
  if(test.is_open())
  {
      cout<<"file opened succeed";
      test.close();
  }
  else
      cout<<"file opened failed";

    return 0;
}

2.引用传递

功能描述：实现两个数交换

#include <iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

void swap(int &x,int &y);
int main()
{
  int x,y;
  cout<<"please input two different number:";
  cin>>x>>y;
  swap(x,y);   //这里不需要取址，编译器会自动传地址
  cout<<'\n';
  cout<<"after swap:"<<x<<' '<<y<<'\n';
    return 0;
}

void swap(int &x,int &y) //跟swap(int *x,*y)效果一样，只不过上面调用函数换成swap(&x,&y)
{
    int temp;
    temp=x;
    x=y;
    y=temp;
}