进程创建与线程创建

1.进程创建fork

asmlinkage int sys_fork(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
	return do_fork(SIGCHLD, regs->ARM_sp, regs, 0, NULL, NULL);
#else
	/* can not support in nommu mode */
	return(-EINVAL);
#endif
}

long do_fork(unsigned long clone_flags,
	      unsigned long stack_start,
	      struct pt_regs *regs,
	      unsigned long stack_size,
	      int __user *parent_tidptr,
	      int __user *child_tidptr)
{
	struct task_struct *p;
	int trace = 0;
	long nr;

	/*
	 * Do some preliminary argument and permissions checking before we
	 * actually start allocating stuff
	 */
	if (clone_flags & CLONE_NEWUSER) {
		if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
			return -EINVAL;
		/* hopefully this check will go away when userns support is
		 * complete
		 */
		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) || !capable(CAP_SETUID) ||
				!capable(CAP_SETGID))
			return -EPERM;
	}

	/*
	 * Determine whether and which event to report to ptracer.  When
	 * called from kernel_thread or CLONE_UNTRACED is explicitly
	 * requested, no event is reported; otherwise, report if the event
	 * for the type of forking is enabled.
	 */
	if (likely(user_mode(regs)) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_UNTRACED)) {
		if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK)
			trace = PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK;
		else if ((clone_flags & CSIGNAL) != SIGCHLD)
			trace = PTRACE_EVENT_CLONE;
		else
			trace = PTRACE_EVENT_FORK;

		if (likely(!ptrace_event_enabled(current, trace)))
			trace = 0;
	}

	p = copy_process(clone_flags, stack_start, regs, stack_size,    //为子进程复制出一份进程信息
			 child_tidptr, NULL, trace);
	/*
	 * Do this prior waking up the new thread - the thread pointer
	 * might get invalid after that point, if the thread exits quickly.
	 */
	if (!IS_ERR(p)) {
		struct completion vfork;

		trace_sched_process_fork(current, p);

		nr = task_pid_vnr(p);

		if (clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT_SETTID)
			put_user(nr, parent_tidptr);

		if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
			p->vfork_done = &vfork;
			init_completion(&vfork);
			get_task_struct(p);
		}

		wake_up_new_task(p);    //将子进程加入到调度器中，为其分配cpu,准备执行

		/* forking complete and child started to run, tell ptracer */
		if (unlikely(trace))
			ptrace_event(trace, nr);

		if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {                //如果是Vfork，将父进程加入等待队列，等子进程完成
			if (!wait_for_vfork_done(p, &vfork))
				ptrace_event(PTRACE_EVENT_VFORK_DONE, nr);
		}
	} else {
		nr = PTR_ERR(p);
	}
	return nr;
}

 vfork()的实现比fork()多了两个标志位，分别是CLONE_VFORK与CLONE_VM。从上面do_fork可以看到，CLONE_VFORK表示父进程会被挂起，直至子进程释放虚拟内存资源。

asmlinkage int sys_vfork(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
	return do_fork(CLONE_VFORK | CLONE_VM | SIGCHLD, regs->ARM_sp, regs, 0, NULL, NULL);
}

2.内核线程创建

static void create_kthread(struct kthread_create_info *create)
{
	int pid;

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
	current->pref_node_fork = create->node;
#endif
	/* We want our own signal handler (we take no signals by default). */
	pid = kernel_thread(kthread, create, CLONE_FS | CLONE_FILES | SIGCHLD);
	if (pid < 0) {
		create->result = ERR_PTR(pid);
		complete(&create->done);
	}
}

int kernel_thread(int (*fn)(void *), void * arg, unsigned long flags)
{
	int pid;

	current->thread.request.u.thread.proc = fn;
	current->thread.request.u.thread.arg = arg;
	pid = do_fork(CLONE_VM | CLONE_UNTRACED | flags, 0,
		      &current->thread.regs, 0, NULL, NULL);
	return pid;
}