Windows10+Anaconda3+tensorflow2.1.0gpu版本+CUDA10.0安装

一、Anaconda安装

下载地址：https://www.anaconda.com/products/individual
安装Anaconda之后就自带python3.7

二、CUDA10.0安装

其实感觉CUDA10.1更好点，但因为之前安装过10.0，也就懒得改了
下载地址：https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-10.1-download-archive-base?target_os=Windows&target_arch=x86_64&target_version=10&target_type=exelocal
安装细节可以参考我之前安装CUDA9.0的步骤，一般没什么问题
如果是安装tensorflow1，这里需要注意的是CUDA和tensorflow版本要求比较严格，具体对应关系

三、tensorflow2.1GPU版本

打开Anaconda Prompt

创建虚拟环境（可以指定python版本，此处用3.6，主要是因为感觉python3.7用的人少，还是喜欢用旧的版本，因人而异）

conda create -n tensorflow python=3.6

激活虚拟环境（退出conda deactivate）

conda activate tensorflow

安装tensorflow（不同系统，python版本对应的下载地址可以参考网址）其他版本的tensorflowGPU版本下载地址 && CPU版本下载地址

pip install --ignore-installed --upgrade https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/windows/gpu/tensorflow_gpu-2.1.0-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl

可能出现的问题

问题一：pip安装显示网络异常WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ProxyError(‘Cannot connect to proxy.’, NewConnect。。。。。。。。。
解决方法：换个下载源，在C:\Users\用户名\AppData\Roaming新建一个pip文件夹（本文路径如下），并在文件夹底下建立pip.ini文件，使用记事本打开pip.ini

在pip.ini输入如下信息：

[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com

问题二：ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块。
问题如下：主要原因是因为tensorflow2.1与visual studio2019的环境有所依赖
解决方法（方案三最佳，也是本文采用的方法）：

1. tensorflow降低版本，换成2.0
2. vs升级为2017或2019
3. vc_redist下载及安装，下载地址：https://support.microsoft.com/zh-cn/help/2977003/the-latest-supported-visual-c-downloads

下载后，右键管理员运行，安装就好了，可能需要重启电脑使其生效

>>> import tensorflow
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper
    _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description)
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\imp.py", line 243, in load_module
    return load_dynamic(name, filename, file)
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\imp.py", line 343, in load_dynamic
    return _load(spec)
ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块。

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 101, in <module>
    from tensorflow_core import *
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\__init__.py", line 42, in <module>
    from . _api.v2 import audio
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\_api\v2\audio\__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.ops.gen_audio_ops import decode_wav
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\ops\gen_audio_ops.py", line 9, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow as _pywrap_tensorflow
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 50, in __getattr__
    module = self._load()
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 44, in _load
    module = _importlib.import_module(self.__name__)
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\__init__.py", line 49, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 74, in <module>
    raise ImportError(msg)
ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 28, in <module>
    _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\site-packages\tensorflow_core\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 24, in swig_import_helper
    _mod = imp.load_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal', fp, pathname, description)
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\imp.py", line 243, in load_module
    return load_dynamic(name, filename, file)
  File "D:\Anaconda3\envs\tensorflow\lib\imp.py", line 343, in load_dynamic
    return _load(spec)
ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块。


Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/errors

for some common reasons and solutions.  Include the entire stack trace
above this error message when asking for help.

问题三：Could not load dynamic library ‘cudart64_101.dll’; dlerror: cudart64_101.dll not found

这个主要是因为CUDA版本的问题，cudart64_101.dll是CUDA10.1版本的，需要自己下载，手动添加到对应路径下“C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v10.0\bin”
下载地址

再次运行import tensorflow，不报错即可