Python--图表绘制（二维线性图，箱线图，散点图，直方图，饼图）大合集

 

信息工程系实验报告

 

实验一：            python的图表绘制                            

实验时间：              2019/3/27                        

实验地点：               实训室                       

 

实验步骤

• 饼图：

# -* coding:utf-8 -*-

import sys

reload(sys)

sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

#导入图像库

import matplotlib.pyplot as mpt

#用来正常显示中文标签

mpt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']

#用来正常显示负号

mpt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False

mpt.figure()#开始绘图

label='peachblossom','rose','mum','lavender'

size=[20,35,20,25]

color=['pink','red','yellow','purple']

explode=(0,0,0.1,0)

mpt.pie(size,explode=explode,labels=label,colors=color,autopct='%1.1f%%',shadow=True)

mpt.axis('equal')

mpt.show()

效果展示：

• 二维线性图：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import sys

reload(sys)

sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import pandas as pd

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

plt.figure()

dish_profit = u'D:/2345下载/catering_dish_profit.xls'

data = pd.read_excel(dish_profit,index_col = '月份')

data=data['流量统计'].copy()

data.plot(kind='bar')

plt.subplot(211)

plt.ylabel(u'流量统计（G）')

data.plot(color = 'r', style = '-o',linewidth = 2)

plt.subplot(212)

plt.ylabel(u'流量统计（比例）')

p = 1.0*data.cumsum()/data.sum()

p.plot(color = 'b',style = '-*',linewidth = 2)

plt.show()

效果展示：

【三】：直方图

# -* coding:utf-8 -*-

import sys

reload(sys)

sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

#用来正常显示中文标签

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']

#用来正常显示负号

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False

from matplotlib import mlab

from matplotlib import rcParams

fig1 = plt.figure(2)

rects1 =plt.bar(left = (0.2),height = (0.5),color=('g'),label=(('含鲑鱼+鲢鱼的数量')),width = 0.2,align="center",yerr=0.000001)

rects2 =plt.bar(left = (1),height = (1),color=('r'),label=(('含草鱼+鲢鱼的数量')),width = 0.2,align="center",yerr=0.000001)

plt.legend()

plt.xticks((0.2,1),('xihu','changjiang'))

plt.title('Pe')

def autolabel(rects):

    for rect in rects:

        height = rect.get_height()

        plt.text(rect.get_x()+rect.get_width()/2., 1.03*height, '%s' % float(height))

autolabel(rects1)

autolabel(rects2)

plt.show()

效果展示图：

• 散点图：

 

# -* coding:utf-8 -*-

import sys

reload(sys)

sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

import random

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

#用来正常显示中文标签

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']

#用来正常显示负号

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False

 

a = range(0,100,1)

b = random.sample(a, 36)

c = random.sample(a, 36)

print(b)

print(c)

plt.scatter(b,c)

plt.scatter(b,c,color = 'yellow') #改变点的颜色

 

plt.show()

效果展示：

【五】：箱线图

# -* coding:utf-8 -*-

import sys

reload(sys)

sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import pandas as pd

plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei'] #用来正常显示中文标签

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False #用来正常显示负号

 

#添加成绩表

plt.style.use("ggplot")

#新建一个空的DataFrame

df=pd.DataFrame()

#添加成绩单，最后显示成绩单表格

df["English"]=[76,90,97,71,70,93,86,83,78,85,81]

df["Math"]=[65,95,51,74,78,63,91,82,75,71,55]

df["Chinese"]=[93,81,76,88,66,79,83,92,78,86,78]

plt.boxplot(x=df.values,labels=df.columns,whis=1.5)

plt.show()

效果展示：