基于python实现的Astrometry.net接口调用

Astrometry.net是一个可以计算WCS的软件，可以计算观测图像的ra,dec，并与参考星匹配。本文提供了该软件的基于python的接口调用方法，方便批量处理图像。

官方说明文档：
https://nova.astrometry.net/api_help
需要先登陆，得到一个api_key，一个账号一个api_key

http://astrometry.net/doc/net/api.html
以下程序都是按照这个文档写的，写成了一个类的形式

import json
import requests


class AstrometryAPI:
    def __init__(self, api_key, session=''):
        self.api_key = api_key
        if len(session): self.session_id = session
        else: self.session_id = None
        self.subid = None
        self.jobid = None

    def get_session(self):
        response = requests.post('http://nova.astrometry.net/api/login', data={'request-json': json.dumps({"apikey": self.api_key})})
        self.session_id = response.text.split('"')[-2]
        print('SESSION:', self.session_id)

    def submit_file(self, file_path, file_name, **params):
        # 注:file_name应与file_path中的文件名一致,带扩展名
        headers = {
            "MIME-Version": "1.0"
        }
        # 默认值
        json_data = {
            "session": self.session_id,
            "publicly_visible": "y",
            "allow_modifications": "d",
            "allow_commercial_use": "d"
        }
        # 其他参数请参考: http://astrometry.net/doc/net/api.html
        json_data.update(params)
        files = {
            "request-json": (
                None,  # 参数名
                json.dumps(json_data),
                'text/plain',  # Content-Type 设置为 text/plain
                {
                    'Content-disposition': 'form-data; name="request-json"'
                }
            ),
            "file": (
                file_name,
                open(file_path, 'rb'),
                'application/octet-stream',  # Content-Type 设置为 application/octet-stream
                {
                    'Content-disposition': f'form-data; name="file"; filename="{file_name}"'
                }
            )
        }
        response = requests.post('http://nova.astrometry.net/api/upload', files=files, headers=headers)
        self.subid = response.text.split('id": ')[-1].split(',')[0]
        print('SUBID:', self.subid)

    def check_submission(self):
        count = 0
        while count < 100:
            response = requests.get(f'http://nova.astrometry.net/api/submissions/{self.subid}')
            if not any(char.isdigit() for char in response.text.split('jobs": ')[-1].split(',')[0]):
                time.sleep(0.5)
                count += 1
            else:
                break
        if count > 99:
            print('Submission check timed out!')
        self.jobid = response.text.split('jobs": [')[-1].split(']')[0]
        print('JOBID:', self.jobid)

    def check_job_completion(self):
        count = 0
        while count < 100:
            response = requests.get(f'http://nova.astrometry.net/api/jobs/{self.jobid}')
            if 'success' not in response.text:
                time.sleep(0.5)
                count += 1
            else:
                break
        if count > 99:
            print('Job completion check timed out!')
        print("Job completion!")

    def download_results(self, file_name, file_result, save_path):
        # files = ['wcs_file', 'rdls_file', 'axy_file', 'corr_file']
        results = [f'http://nova.astrometry.net/{f}/{self.jobid}' for f in file_result]
        savepathes = [save_path+file_name+'_' + f + '.fits' for f in file_result]
        for i, result in enumerate(results):
            count = 0
            while count < 50:
                try:
                    response = requests.get(result)
                    if response.status_code == 200:
                        with open(savepathes[i], 'wb') as f:
                            f.write(response.content)
                        print(f"File saved successfully: {savepathes[i]}")
                        break
                    else:
                        time.sleep(1)
                        count += 1
                except Exception as e:
                    print(f'Error downloading file: {e}')
                    time.sleep(1)
                    count += 1
            if count > 49:
                print(f'Failed to download file: {result}')

调用案例：

# 1、声明，这里的XXX需换成自己的api_key
api = AstrometryAPI(api_key="XXX")
# 2、获取session，一个session可以重复使用，不需要反复创建
api.get_session()
# 3、file_name应与file_path中的文件名一致，支持自定义参数，具体参考文章开头的官方文档，获得subid
api.submit_file(file_path="./data/2024bch-0001B-new.fit", file_name='2024bch-0001B-new.fit')
# 4、根据subid检查是否提交成功，获得jobid
api.check_submission()
# 5、根据jobid检查是否处理完成，完成后才能下载，否则可能发生报错或者文件数据错误
api.check_job_completion()
# 6、根据jobid下载数据，fits格式文件，支持自选
api.download_results(file_name='2024bch-0001B-new', file_result=['wcs_file', 'rdls_file', 'axy_file', 'corr_file'], save_path='./')

可选下载文件包括：

http://nova.astrometry.net/wcs_file/JOBID
# 该文件为坐标系统转换系数，仅包含header数据，可以用来将像素坐标x,y转换为赤经赤纬RA,DEC
http://nova.astrometry.net/new_fits_file/JOBID
http://nova.astrometry.net/rdls_file/JOBID
# 该文件内保存了参考星的RA,DEC
http://nova.astrometry.net/axy_file/JOBID
# 该文件内保存了从图片中提取出的星的X,Y,FLUX,BACKGROUND
http://nova.astrometry.net/corr_file/JOBID
# 该文件内保存了提取的星和参考星的共同源,列名包括field_x,field_y,field_ra,field_dec,index_x,index_y,index_ra,index_dec,index_id,field_id,match_weight,FLUX,BACKGROUND
http://nova.astrometry.net/annotated_display/JOBID
http://nova.astrometry.net/red_green_image_display/JOBID
http://nova.astrometry.net/extraction_image_display/JOBID