gstreamer插件开发-Building a Test Application

通常，您会希望在尽可能小的设置中测试新编写的插件。通常，gst-launch-1.0是测试插件的良好开端。如果您没有将插件安装在GStreamer搜索的目录中，那么您需要设置插件路径。要么将GST_PLUGIN_PATH设置为包含插件的目录，要么使用命令行选项——gst-plugin-path。如果你的插件基于gst-plugin模板，那么这看起来就像gst-launch-1.0——gst-plugin-path=$HOME/gst-template/gst-plugin/src/。然而，你通常需要比gst-launch-1.0提供的更多的测试特性，比如搜索、事件、交互性等等。编写自己的小型测试程序是实现这一目标的最简单方法。本节将简单地解释如何做到这一点。有关完整的应用程序开发指南，请参阅[应用程序开发手册](https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/documentation/application-development/index.html?gi-language=c)。 首先，您需要通过调用gst_init()来初始化GStreamer核心库。你也可以调用gst_init_get_option_group()，它将返回一个指向GOptionGroup的指针。然后，您可以使用GOption来处理初始化，这将完成GStreamer初始化。 您可以使用gst_element_factory_make()创建元素，其中第一个参数是您想要创建的元素类型，第二个参数是自由格式的名称。最后的示例使用了一个简单的文件源-解码器-声卡输出管道，但如果有必要，您可以使用特定的调试元素。 例如，可以在管道的中间使用标识元素作为数据到应用程序的发送器。这可以用于检查测试应用程序中的错误行为或正确性数据。此外，您可以在管道的末尾使用一个fakesink元素将数据转储到标准输出(为此，请将转储属性设置为TRUE)。最后，您可以使用valgrind来检查内存错误。 在链接过程中，您的测试应用程序可以使用过滤帽作为一种方式来驱动特定类型的数据进出您的元素。这是检查元素中多种类型输入和输出的一种非常简单有效的方法。 请注意，在运行期间，您应该至少侦听总线和/或插件/元素上的" error "和" eos "消息，以检查是否正确处理此问题。此外，你应该将事件添加到管道中，并确保你的插件正确处理这些事件(关于时钟，内部缓存等)。 永远不要忘记清理插件或测试应用程序中的内存。当进入NULL状态时，元素应该清理分配的内存和缓存。此外，它应该关闭所有对可能的支持库的引用。您的应用程序应该unref()管道，并确保它不会崩溃。 ``` #include <gst/gst.h> static gboolean bus_call (GstBus *bus, GstMessage *msg, gpointer data) { GMainLoop *loop = data; switch (GST_MESSAGE_TYPE (msg)) { case GST_MESSAGE_EOS: g_print ("End-of-stream\n"); g_main_loop_quit (loop); break; case GST_MESSAGE_ERROR: { gchar *debug = NULL; GError *err = NULL; gst_message_parse_error (msg, &err, &debug); g_print ("Error: %s\n", err->message); g_error_free (err); if (debug) { g_print ("Debug details: %s\n", debug); g_free (debug); } g_main_loop_quit (loop); break; } default: break; } return TRUE; } gint main (gint argc, gchar *argv[]) { GstStateChangeReturn ret; GstElement *pipeline, *filesrc, *decoder, *filter, *sink; GstElement *convert1, *convert2, *resample; GMainLoop *loop; GstBus *bus; guint watch_id; /* initialization */ gst_init (&argc, &argv); loop = g_main_loop_new (NULL, FALSE); if (argc != 2) { g_print ("Usage: %s <mp3 filename>\n", argv[0]); return 01; } /* create elements */ pipeline = gst_pipeline_new ("my_pipeline"); /* watch for messages on the pipeline's bus (note that this will only * work like this when a GLib main loop is running) */ bus = gst_pipeline_get_bus (GST_PIPELINE (pipeline)); watch_id = gst_bus_add_watch (bus, bus_call, loop); gst_object_unref (bus); filesrc = gst_element_factory_make ("filesrc", "my_filesource"); decoder = gst_element_factory_make ("mad", "my_decoder"); /* putting an audioconvert element here to convert the output of the * decoder into a format that my_filter can handle (we are assuming it * will handle any sample rate here though) */ convert1 = gst_element_factory_make ("audioconvert", "audioconvert1"); /* use "identity" here for a filter that does nothing */ filter = gst_element_factory_make ("my_filter", "my_filter"); /* there should always be audioconvert and audioresample elements before * the audio sink, since the capabilities of the audio sink usually vary * depending on the environment (output used, sound card, driver etc.) */ convert2 = gst_element_factory_make ("audioconvert", "audioconvert2"); resample = gst_element_factory_make ("audioresample", "audioresample"); sink = gst_element_factory_make ("pulsesink", "audiosink"); if (!sink || !decoder) { g_print ("Decoder or output could not be found - check your install\n"); return -1; } else if (!convert1 || !convert2 || !resample) { g_print ("Could not create audioconvert or audioresample element, " "check your installation\n"); return -1; } else if (!filter) { g_print ("Your self-written filter could not be found. Make sure it " "is installed correctly in $(libdir)/gstreamer-1.0/ or " "~/.gstreamer-1.0/plugins/ and that gst-inspect-1.0 lists it. " "If it doesn't, check with 'GST_DEBUG=*:2 gst-inspect-1.0' for " "the reason why it is not being loaded."); return -1; } g_object_set (G_OBJECT (filesrc), "location", argv[1], NULL); gst_bin_add_many (GST_BIN (pipeline), filesrc, decoder, convert1, filter, convert2, resample, sink, NULL); /* link everything together */ if (!gst_element_link_many (filesrc, decoder, convert1, filter, convert2, resample, sink, NULL)) { g_print ("Failed to link one or more elements!\n"); return -1; } /* run */ ret = gst_element_set_state (pipeline, GST_STATE_PLAYING); if (ret == GST_STATE_CHANGE_FAILURE) { GstMessage *msg; g_print ("Failed to start up pipeline!\n"); /* check if there is an error message with details on the bus */ msg = gst_bus_poll (bus, GST_MESSAGE_ERROR, 0); if (msg) { GError *err = NULL; gst_message_parse_error (msg, &err, NULL); g_print ("ERROR: %s\n", err->message); g_error_free (err); gst_message_unref (msg); } return -1; } g_main_loop_run (loop); /* clean up */ gst_element_set_state (pipeline, GST_STATE_NULL); gst_object_unref (pipeline); g_source_remove (watch_id); g_main_loop_unref (loop); return 0; } ```