halcon之测量和拟合

$$halcon之测量和拟合$$

分割轮廓：
合并轮廓： union_adjacent_contours_xld (Edges, UnionContours, 7, 7, ‘attr_keep’)
平滑轮廓：smooth_contours_xld (SelectedXLD_black_eye, SmoothedContours, 15)

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测量流程图
1.采集图像（实时或者外触发）
2.图像预处理去噪声（采用滤波器）
3.图像分割（将目标和背景分割）
4.区域定位（在该区域内进行测量）
5.边缘提取（像素或者亚像素）
6.进行直线或者曲线拟合（用于求解距离）
7.求解拟合直线或者曲线间的像素距离（欧式距离，棋盘距离等）
8.像素距离到实际距离的转换（根据之前的标定结果）
9.测量结果显示

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由暗到亮：正边缘
由亮到暗：负边缘

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拟合流程
1.采集图像
2.图像预处理
3.边缘轮廓提取
4.轮廓分割或合并
5.根据轮廓进行拟合

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边缘幅度，就是对原图像求一阶导数

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核心算子

gen_measure_rectangle2 (Row, Column, Angle, Length1, Length2, Width, Height, 'bilinear', MeasureHandle)

重要参数

1. Length1：半宽
2. Length2：半高
3. Width：测量图像的宽
4. Height：测量图像的高

Parameters

Row (input_control)  rectangle2.center.y → (real / integer)
Row coordinate of the center of the rectangle.
Default value: 300.0
Suggested values: 10.0, 20.0, 50.0, 100.0, 200.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0
Typical range of values: 0.0 ≤ Row ≤ 511.0 (lin)
Minimum increment: 1.0
Recommended increment: 10.0


Column (input_control)  rectangle2.center.x → (real / integer)
Column coordinate of the center of the rectangle.
Default value: 200.0
Suggested values: 10.0, 20.0, 50.0, 100.0, 200.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0
Typical range of values: 0.0 ≤ Column ≤ 511.0 (lin)
Minimum increment: 1.0
Recommended increment: 10.0

Phi (input_control)  rectangle2.angle.rad → (real / integer)
Angle of longitudinal axis of the rectangle to horizontal (radians).
Default value: 0.0
Suggested values: -1.178097, -0.785398, -0.392699, 0.0, 0.392699, 0.785398, 1.178097
Typical range of values: -1.178097 ≤ Phi ≤ 1.178097 (lin)
Minimum increment: 0.001
Recommended increment: 0.1
Restriction: - pi < Phi && Phi <= pi

Length1 (input_control)  rectangle2.hwidth → (real / integer)
Half width of the rectangle.
Default value: 100.0
Suggested values: 3.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 50.0, 100.0, 200.0, 300.0, 500.0
Typical range of values: 1.0 ≤ Length1 ≤ 511.0 (lin)
Minimum increment: 1.0
Recommended increment: 10.0
Restriction: Length1 >= 1.0

Length2 (input_control)  rectangle2.hheight → (real / integer)
Half height of the rectangle.
Default value: 20.0
Suggested values: 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 50.0, 100.0, 200.0
Typical range of values: 0.0 ≤ Length2 ≤ 511.0 (lin)
Minimum increment: 1.0
Recommended increment: 10.0
Restriction: Length2 >= 0.0


Width (input_control)  extent.x → (integer)
Width of the image to be processed subsequently.
Default value: 512
Suggested values: 128, 160, 192, 256, 320, 384, 512, 640, 768
Typical range of values: 0 ≤ Width ≤ 1024 (lin)
Minimum increment: 1
Recommended increment: 16


Height (input_control)  extent.y → (integer)
Height of the image to be processed subsequently.
Default value: 512
Suggested values: 120, 128, 144, 240, 256, 288, 480, 512, 576
Typical range of values: 0 ≤ Height ≤ 1024 (lin)
Minimum increment: 1
Recommended increment: 16


Interpolation (input_control)  string → (string)
Type of interpolation to be used.
Default value: 'nearest_neighbor'
List of values: 'bicubic', 'bilinear', 'nearest_neighbor'


MeasureHandle (output_control)  measure_id → (integer)
Measure object handle.

---

measure_pairs (Fuse, MeasureHandle, 1, 1, 'negative', 'all', RowEdgeFirst, ColumnEdgeFirst, AmplitudeFirst, RowEdgeSecond, ColumnEdgeSecond, AmplitudeSecond, IntraDistance, InterDistance)

1. Sigma：平滑参数
2. Threshold：最小边缘振幅
3. Transition：找的正边缘还是负边缘（第一个边缘）
4. Select ：选第一条边，还是最后一条，还是所有的边
5. RowEdgeFirst：边缘对中的第一个边缘的行坐标
6. ColumnEdgeFirst：边缘对中第一个边缘的列坐标
7. AmplitudeFirst：边缘对中第一个边缘的幅度值（就是一阶导数）
8. RowEdgeSecond：边缘对中的第二个边缘的行坐标
9. ColumnEdgeSecond：边缘对中第二个边缘的列坐标
10. AmplitudeSecond：边缘对中第二个边缘的幅度值（就是一阶导数）
11. IntraDistance ：边缘对中左右边缘之间的距离
12. InterDistance：相邻两个边缘对中心的的距离

measure_pairs(Image : : MeasureHandle, Sigma, Threshold, Transition, Select : RowEdgeFirst, ColumnEdgeFirst, AmplitudeFirst, RowEdgeSecond, ColumnEdgeSecond, AmplitudeSecond, IntraDistance, InterDistance)

Parameters

Image (input_object)  singlechannelimage → object (byte / uint2 / real)
Input image.

MeasureHandle (input_control)  measure_id → (integer)
Measure object handle.

Sigma (input_control)  number → (real)
Sigma of gaussian smoothing.
Default value: 1.0
Suggested values: 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0
Typical range of values: 0.4 ≤ Sigma ≤ 100 (lin)
Minimum increment: 0.01
Recommended increment: 0.1
Restriction: Sigma >= 0.4

Threshold (input_control)  number → (real)
Minimum edge amplitude.
Default value: 30.0
Suggested values: 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 60.0, 70.0, 90.0, 110.0
Typical range of values: 1 ≤ Threshold ≤ 255 (lin)
Minimum increment: 0.5
Recommended increment: 2

Transition (input_control)  string → (string)
Type of gray value transition that determines how edges are grouped to edge pairs.
Default value: 'all'
List of values: 'all', 'all_strongest', 'negative', 'negative_strongest', 'positive', 'positive_strongest'

Select (input_control)  string → (string)
Selection of edge pairs.
Default value: 'all'
List of values: 'all', 'first', 'last'

RowEdgeFirst (output_control)  point.y-array → (real)
Row coordinate of the center of the first edge.

ColumnEdgeFirst (output_control)  point.x-array → (real)
Column coordinate of the center of the first edge.

AmplitudeFirst (output_control)  real-array → (real)
Edge amplitude of the first edge (with sign).

RowEdgeSecond (output_control)  point.y-array → (real)
Row coordinate of the center of the second edge.

ColumnEdgeSecond (output_control)  point.x-array → (real)
Column coordinate of the center of the second edge.

AmplitudeSecond (output_control)  real-array → (real)
Edge amplitude of the second edge (with sign).

IntraDistance (output_control)  real-array → (real)
Distance between edges of an edge pair.

InterDistance (output_control)  real-array → (real)
Distance between consecutive edge pairs.

measure_pos

measure_pos (Fuse, MeasureHandle, 1, 30, 'all', 'all', RowEdge, ColumnEdge, Amplitude, Distance)

measure_pos(Image : : MeasureHandle, Sigma, Threshold, Transition, Select : RowEdge, ColumnEdge, Amplitude, Distance)

1. Distance：相邻边的距离

Parameters：
Image (input_object)  singlechannelimage → object (byte / uint2 / real)
Input image.

MeasureHandle (input_control)  measure_id → (integer)
Measure object handle.

Sigma (input_control)  number → (real)
Sigma of gaussian smoothing.
Default value: 1.0
Suggested values: 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0
Typical range of values: 0.4 ≤ Sigma ≤ 100 (lin)
Minimum increment: 0.01
Recommended increment: 0.1
Restriction: Sigma >= 0.4

Threshold (input_control)  number → (real)
Minimum edge amplitude.
Default value: 30.0
Suggested values: 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 60.0, 70.0, 90.0, 110.0
Typical range of values: 1 ≤ Threshold ≤ 255 (lin)
Minimum increment: 0.5
Recommended increment: 2

Transition (input_control)  string → (string)
Light/dark or dark/light edge.
Default value: 'all'
List of values: 'all', 'negative', 'positive'

Select (input_control)  string → (string)
Selection of end points.
Default value: 'all'
List of values: 'all', 'first', 'last'

RowEdge (output_control)  point.y-array → (real)
Row coordinate of the center of the edge.

ColumnEdge (output_control)  point.x-array → (real)
Column coordinate of the center of the edge.

Amplitude (output_control)  real-array → (real)
Edge amplitude of the edge (with sign).

Distance (output_control)  real-array → (real)
Distance between consecutive edges.

$$一维测量$$

示例1：

1.gen_measure_rectangle2 (Row, Column, Angle, Length1, Length2, Width, Height, 'bilinear', MeasureHandle)

2.measure_pairs (Fuse, MeasureHandle, 1, 1, 'negative', 'all', RowEdgeFirst, ColumnEdgeFirst, AmplitudeFirst, RowEdgeSecond, ColumnEdgeSecond, AmplitudeSecond, IntraDistance, InterDistance)

3.close_measure (MeasureHandle)

示例1： 测量宽度

* 窗口设置
dev_update_window ('off')
dev_close_window ()
* 读取图像
read_image (Fuse, 'fuse')
* 获取图像大小
get_image_size (Fuse, Width, Height)
* 图像显示设置
dev_open_window_fit_image (Fuse, 0, 0, Width, Height, WindowID)
set_display_font (WindowID, 12, 'mono', 'true', 'false')
dev_set_draw ('margin')
dev_set_line_width (3)
dev_display (Fuse)
set_display_font (WindowID, 12, 'mono', 'true', 'false')
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
* 创建测量矩形句柄
Row := 297
Column := 545
Length1 := 80
Length2 := 10
Angle := rad(90)
* 生成矩形
gen_rectangle2 (ROI, Row, Column, Angle, Length1, Length2)
* 生成测量矩形
gen_measure_rectangle2 (Row, Column, Angle, Length1, Length2, Width, Height, 'bilinear', MeasureHandle)
* 显示ROI
dev_display (ROI)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
* 测量边缘对
measure_pairs (Fuse, MeasureHandle, 1, 1, 'negative', 'all', RowEdgeFirst, ColumnEdgeFirst, AmplitudeFirst, RowEdgeSecond, ColumnEdgeSecond, AmplitudeSecond, IntraDistance, InterDistance)
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
disp_line (WindowID, RowEdgeFirst, ColumnEdgeFirst, RowEdgeSecond, ColumnEdgeSecond)
stop ()
* 可视化结果
for i := 0 to |RowEdgeFirst| - 1 by 1
    * 生成多边形
    gen_contour_polygon_xld (EdgeFirst, [-sin(Angle + rad(90)) * Length2 + RowEdgeFirst[i],-sin(Angle - rad(90)) * Length2 + RowEdgeFirst[i]], [cos(Angle + rad(90)) * Length2 + ColumnEdgeFirst[i],cos(Angle - rad(90)) * Length2 + ColumnEdgeFirst[i]])
    * 生成多边形
    gen_contour_polygon_xld (EdgeSecond, [-sin(Angle + rad(90)) * Length2 + RowEdgeSecond[i],-sin(Angle - rad(90)) * Length2 + RowEdgeSecond[i]], [cos(Angle + rad(90)) * Length2 + ColumnEdgeSecond[i],cos(Angle - rad(90)) * Length2 + ColumnEdgeSecond[i]])
    * 显示
    dev_set_color ('cyan')
    dev_display (EdgeFirst)
    dev_set_color ('magenta')
    dev_display (EdgeSecond)
    dev_set_color ('blue')
    * 设置显示位置
    if (i == 0)
        set_tposition (WindowID, RowEdgeFirst[i] + 5, ColumnEdgeFirst[i] + 20)
    else
        set_tposition (WindowID, RowEdgeFirst[i] - 40, ColumnEdgeFirst[i] + 20)
    endif
    * 显示文本
    write_string (WindowID, 'width: ' + IntraDistance[i] + ' pix')
endfor
disp_continue_message (WindowID, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
* ****
*  注销句柄
* ****
close_measure (MeasureHandle)
dev_update_window ('on')
dev_clear_window ()

测量助手的使用

read_image (Fuse, 'fuse')
* Measure 01: Code generated by Measure 01
* Measure 01: Prepare measurement
AmplitudeThreshold := 54
RoiWidthLen2 := 21
set_system ('int_zooming', 'false')
* Measure 01: Coordinates for line Measure 01 [0]
LineRowStart_Measure_01_0 := 205
LineColumnStart_Measure_01_0 := 546
LineRowEnd_Measure_01_0 := 374
LineColumnEnd_Measure_01_0 := 546
* Measure 01: Convert coordinates to rectangle2 type
TmpCtrl_Row := 0.5*(LineRowStart_Measure_01_0+LineRowEnd_Measure_01_0)
TmpCtrl_Column := 0.5*(LineColumnStart_Measure_01_0+LineColumnEnd_Measure_01_0)
TmpCtrl_Dr := LineRowStart_Measure_01_0-LineRowEnd_Measure_01_0
TmpCtrl_Dc := LineColumnEnd_Measure_01_0-LineColumnStart_Measure_01_0
TmpCtrl_Phi := atan2(TmpCtrl_Dr, TmpCtrl_Dc)
TmpCtrl_Len1 := 0.5*sqrt(TmpCtrl_Dr*TmpCtrl_Dr + TmpCtrl_Dc*TmpCtrl_Dc)
TmpCtrl_Len2 := RoiWidthLen2
* Measure 01: Create measure for line Measure 01 [0]
* Measure 01: Attention: This assumes all images have the same size!
gen_measure_rectangle2 (TmpCtrl_Row, TmpCtrl_Column, TmpCtrl_Phi, TmpCtrl_Len1, TmpCtrl_Len2, 768, 576, 'nearest_neighbor', MsrHandle_Measure_01_0)
* Measure 01: ***************************************************************
* Measure 01: * The code which follows is to be executed once / measurement *
* Measure 01: ***************************************************************
* Measure 01: The image is assumed to be made available in the
* Measure 01: variable last displayed in the graphics window
copy_obj (Fuse, Image, 1, 1)
* Measure 01: Execute measurements
measure_pairs (Image, MsrHandle_Measure_01_0, 6, AmplitudeThreshold, 'negative', 'all', Row1_Measure_01_0, Column1_Measure_01_0, Amplitude1_Measure_01_0, Row2_Measure_01_0, Column2_Measure_01_0, Amplitude2_Measure_01_0, Width_Measure_01_0, Distance_Measure_01_0)
* Measure 01: Do something with the results
* Measure 01: Clear measure when done
close_measure (MsrHandle_Measure_01_0)

示例2：

* 设置窗口
dev_close_window ()
* 读取图片
read_image (Image, 'ic_pin')
* 获取图像大小
get_image_size (Image, Width, Height)
* 设置窗口显示
dev_open_window (0, 0, Width / 2, Height / 2, 'black', WindowHandle)
set_display_font (WindowHandle, 14, 'mono', 'true', 'false')
dev_display (Image)
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
* draw_rectangle2 (WindowHandle, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2)
* 生成测量矩形
Row := 47
Column := 485
Phi := 0
Length1 := 420
Length2 := 10
dev_set_color ('green')
dev_set_draw ('margin')
dev_set_line_width (3)
* 生成显示矩形
gen_rectangle2 (Rectangle, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2)
* 生成测量矩形
gen_measure_rectangle2 (Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2, Width, Height, 'nearest_neighbor', MeasureHandle)
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
dev_update_pc ('off')
dev_update_var ('off')
* 设置循环次数
n := 100
* 计算时间
count_seconds (Seconds1)
* 遍历
for i := 1 to n by 1
    * 测量边缘对
    measure_pairs (Image, MeasureHandle, 1.5, 30, 'negative', 'all', RowEdgeFirst, ColumnEdgeFirst, AmplitudeFirst, RowEdgeSecond, ColumnEdgeSecond, AmplitudeSecond, PinWidth, PinDistance)
endfor
* 计算时间
count_seconds (Seconds2)
* 耗时
Time := Seconds2 - Seconds1
* 文本信息显示设置
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
dev_set_color ('red')
* 显示结果
disp_line (WindowHandle, RowEdgeFirst, ColumnEdgeFirst, RowEdgeSecond, ColumnEdgeSecond)
avgPinWidth := sum(PinWidth) / |PinWidth|
avgPinDistance := sum(PinDistance) / |PinDistance|
numPins := |PinWidth|
dev_set_color ('yellow')
disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Number of pins: ' + numPins, 'image', 200, 100, 'yellow', 'false')
disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Average Pin Width:  ' + avgPinWidth, 'image', 260, 100, 'yellow', 'false')
disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Average Pin Distance:  ' + avgPinDistance, 'image', 320, 100, 'yellow', 'false')
* dump_window (WindowHandle, 'tiff_rgb', 'C:\\Temp\\pins_result')
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
* draw_rectangle1 (WindowHandle, Row1, Column1, Row2, Column2)
* 显示矩形
Row1 := 0
Column1 := 600
Row2 := 100
Column2 := 700
dev_set_color ('blue')
disp_rectangle1 (WindowHandle, Row1, Column1, Row2, Column2)
stop ()
* 显示图像
dev_set_part (Row1, Column1, Row2, Column2)
dev_display (Image)
dev_set_color ('green')
dev_display (Rectangle)
dev_set_color ('red')
disp_line (WindowHandle, RowEdgeFirst, ColumnEdgeFirst, RowEdgeSecond, ColumnEdgeSecond)
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
close_measure (MeasureHandle)
dev_set_part (0, 0, Height - 1, Width - 1)
dev_display (Image)
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
dev_set_color ('green')
* draw_rectangle2 (WindowHandle, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2)
* 生成测量矩形
Row := 508
Column := 200
Phi := -1.5708
Length1 := 482
Length2 := 35
gen_rectangle2 (Rectangle, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2)
gen_measure_rectangle2 (Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2, Width, Height, 'nearest_neighbor', MeasureHandle)
stop ()
* 测量边缘点
measure_pos (Image, MeasureHandle, 1.5, 30, 'all', 'all', RowEdge, ColumnEdge, Amplitude, Distance)
* 显示测量结果
PinHeight1 := RowEdge[1] - RowEdge[0]
PinHeight2 := RowEdge[3] - RowEdge[2]
dev_set_color ('red')
disp_line (WindowHandle, RowEdge, ColumnEdge - Length2, RowEdge, ColumnEdge + Length2)
disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Pin Height:  ' + PinHeight1, 'image', RowEdge[1] + 40, ColumnEdge[1] + 100, 'yellow', 'false')
disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Pin Height:  ' + PinHeight2, 'image', RowEdge[3] - 120, ColumnEdge[3] + 100, 'yellow', 'false')
* dump_window (WindowHandle, 'tiff_rgb', 'C:\\Temp\\pins_height_result')
* 注销测量句柄
close_measure (MeasureHandle)
dev_set_draw ('fill')
dev_set_line_width (1)

示例3：

* 窗口设置
dev_update_pc ('off')
dev_update_window ('off')
dev_update_var ('off')
* 读取图像
open_framegrabber ('File', 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 'default', -1, 'default', -1, 'default', 'board/board.seq', 'default', -1, 1, FGHandle)
grab_image (Image, FGHandle)
* 获取图像大小
get_image_size (Image, Width, Height)
* 设置窗口显示
dev_close_window ()
dev_open_window (0, 0, Width, Height, 'black', WindowHandle)
dev_open_window (Height + 70, 0, Width, 120, 'black', WindowHandleText)
dev_set_window (WindowHandle)
set_display_font (WindowHandle, 16, 'mono', 'true', 'false')
set_display_font (WindowHandleText, 16, 'mono', 'true', 'false')
dev_set_color ('red')
dev_display (Image)
* 生成矩形
Row1 := 188
Column1 := 182
Row2 := 298
Column2 := 412
gen_rectangle1 (Rectangle, Row1, Column1, Row2, Column2)
* 获取旋转中心
area_center (Rectangle, Area, Row, Column)
* 定义矩形参数
Rect1Row := -102
Rect1Col := 5
Rect2Row := 107
Rect2Col := 5
RectPhi := 0
RectLength1 := 170
RectLength2 := 5
* 生成矩形
gen_rectangle2 (Rectangle1, Row + Rect1Row, Column + Rect1Col, RectPhi, RectLength1, RectLength2)
* 生成矩形
gen_rectangle2 (Rectangle2, Row + Rect2Row, Column + Rect2Col, RectPhi, RectLength1, RectLength2)
* 获取区域图像
reduce_domain (Image, Rectangle, ImageReduced)
* 创建模板
create_shape_model (ImageReduced, 4, 0, rad(360), rad(1), 'none', 'use_polarity', 30, 10, ModelID)
* 获取模板
get_shape_model_contours (ShapeModel, ModelID, 1)
* 生成仿射矩阵
hom_mat2d_identity (HomMat2DIdentity)
* 创建仿射变换矩阵
hom_mat2d_translate (HomMat2DIdentity, Row, Column, HomMat2DTranslate)
* 对轮廓进行仿射变换
affine_trans_contour_xld (ShapeModel, ShapeModelTrans, HomMat2DTranslate)
* 显示图像结果信息
dev_display (Image)
dev_set_color ('green')
dev_display (ShapeModelTrans)
dev_set_color ('blue')
dev_set_draw ('margin')
dev_set_line_width (3)
dev_display (Rectangle1)
dev_display (Rectangle2)
dev_set_draw ('fill')
dev_set_line_width (1)
dev_set_color ('yellow')
disp_message (WindowHandle, ['Press left button to start','and stop the demo'], 'window', 12, 12, 'black', 'true')
* 等待鼠标点击
get_mbutton (WindowHandle, Row3, Column3, Button1)
wait_seconds (0.5)
Button := 0
* 如果Button不等于1
while (Button != 1)
    dev_set_window (WindowHandle)
    dev_set_part (0, 0, Height - 1, Width - 1)
    * 获取图像
    grab_image (ImageCheck, FGHandle)
    dev_display (ImageCheck)
    count_seconds (S1)
    * 查找模板
    find_shape_model (ImageCheck, ModelID, 0, rad(360), 0.7, 1, 0.5, 'least_squares', 4, 0.7, RowCheck, ColumnCheck, AngleCheck, Score)
    count_seconds (S2)
    dev_display (ImageCheck)
    * 如果分数绝对值大于0
    if (|Score| > 0)
        dev_set_color ('green')
        * 生成仿射矩阵
        hom_mat2d_identity (HomMat2DIdentity)
        * xy变化
        hom_mat2d_translate (HomMat2DIdentity, RowCheck, ColumnCheck, HomMat2DTranslate)
        * 角度变化
        hom_mat2d_rotate (HomMat2DTranslate, AngleCheck, RowCheck, ColumnCheck, HomMat2DRotate)
        * 对轮廓进行仿射变换
        affine_trans_contour_xld (ShapeModel, ShapeModelTrans, HomMat2DRotate)
        dev_display (ShapeModelTrans)
        * 进行像素级仿射变换
        affine_trans_pixel (HomMat2DRotate, Rect1Row, Rect1Col, Rect1RowCheck, Rect1ColCheck)
        * 进行像素级仿射变换
        affine_trans_pixel (HomMat2DRotate, Rect2Row, Rect2Col, Rect2RowCheck, Rect2ColCheck)
        * 生成矩形
        gen_rectangle2 (Rectangle1Check, Rect1RowCheck, Rect1ColCheck, AngleCheck, RectLength1, RectLength2)
        * 生成矩形
        gen_rectangle2 (Rectangle2Check, Rect2RowCheck, Rect2ColCheck, AngleCheck, RectLength1, RectLength2)
        * 设置显示
        dev_set_color ('blue')
        dev_set_draw ('margin')
        dev_set_line_width (3)
        dev_display (Rectangle1Check)
        dev_display (Rectangle2Check)
        dev_set_draw ('fill')
        count_seconds (S3)
        * 生成测量矩形
        gen_measure_rectangle2 (Rect1RowCheck, Rect1ColCheck, AngleCheck, RectLength1, RectLength2, Width, Height, 'bilinear', MeasureHandle1)
        * 生成测量矩形
        gen_measure_rectangle2 (Rect2RowCheck, Rect2ColCheck, AngleCheck, RectLength1, RectLength2, Width, Height, 'bilinear', MeasureHandle2)
        * 测量边缘对
        measure_pairs (ImageCheck, MeasureHandle1, 2, 90, 'positive', 'all', RowEdgeFirst1, ColumnEdgeFirst1, AmplitudeFirst1, RowEdgeSecond1, ColumnEdgeSecond1, AmplitudeSecond1, IntraDistance1, InterDistance1)
        * 测量边缘对
        measure_pairs (ImageCheck, MeasureHandle2, 2, 90, 'positive', 'all', RowEdgeFirst2, ColumnEdgeFirst2, AmplitudeFirst2, RowEdgeSecond2, ColumnEdgeSecond2, AmplitudeSecond2, IntraDistance2, InterDistance2)
        * 注销测量句柄
        close_measure (MeasureHandle1)
        close_measure (MeasureHandle2)
        count_seconds (S4)
        dev_set_color ('red')
        * 显示线
        disp_line (WindowHandle, RowEdgeFirst1 - RectLength2 * cos(AngleCheck), ColumnEdgeFirst1 - RectLength2 * sin(AngleCheck), RowEdgeFirst1 + RectLength2 * cos(AngleCheck), ColumnEdgeFirst1 + RectLength2 * sin(AngleCheck))
        disp_line (WindowHandle, RowEdgeSecond1 - RectLength2 * cos(AngleCheck), ColumnEdgeSecond1 - RectLength2 * sin(AngleCheck), RowEdgeSecond1 + RectLength2 * cos(AngleCheck), ColumnEdgeSecond1 + RectLength2 * sin(AngleCheck))
        disp_line (WindowHandle, RowEdgeFirst2 - RectLength2 * cos(AngleCheck), ColumnEdgeFirst2 - RectLength2 * sin(AngleCheck), RowEdgeFirst2 + RectLength2 * cos(AngleCheck), ColumnEdgeFirst2 + RectLength2 * sin(AngleCheck))
        disp_line (WindowHandle, RowEdgeSecond2 - RectLength2 * cos(AngleCheck), ColumnEdgeSecond2 - RectLength2 * sin(AngleCheck), RowEdgeSecond2 + RectLength2 * cos(AngleCheck), ColumnEdgeSecond2 + RectLength2 * sin(AngleCheck))
        dev_set_line_width (1)
        NumLeads := |IntraDistance1| + |IntraDistance2|
        * 最小距离
        MinDistance := min([InterDistance1,InterDistance2])
        dev_set_window (WindowHandleText)
        dev_set_part (0, 0, 119, Width - 1)
        dev_clear_window ()
        * 显示信息
        disp_message (WindowHandleText, 'Matching: Time: ' + ((S2 - S1) * 1000)$'5.2f' + 'ms , Score: ' + Score$'7.5f', 'image', 20, 20, 'green', 'false')
        disp_message (WindowHandleText, 'Measure:  Time: ' + ((S4 - S3) * 1000)$'5.2f' + ' ms, Num. leads: ' + NumLeads$'2d', 'image', 50, 20, 'red', 'false')
        disp_message (WindowHandleText, '          Min. lead dist: ' + MinDistance$'6.3f', 'image', 80, 20, 'red', 'false')
    endif
    dev_error_var (Error, 1)
    dev_set_check ('~give_error')
    get_mposition (WindowHandle, R, C, Button)
    dev_error_var (Error, 0)
    dev_set_check ('give_error')
    if (Error != H_MSG_TRUE)
        Button := 0
    endif
endwhile
dev_set_window (WindowHandleText)
dev_close_window ()
* 注销模板句柄
clear_shape_model (ModelID)
* 关闭采集
close_framegrabber (FGHandle)

---

弧形测量工具算子

gen_measure_arc

gen_measure_arc (Row, Column, Radius, AngleStart, AngleExtend, 10, Width, Height, 'nearest_neighbor', MeasureHandle)

gen_measure_arc( : : CenterRow, CenterCol, Radius, AngleStart, AngleExtent, AnnulusRadius, Width, Height, Interpolation : MeasureHandle)

CenterRow (input_control)  point.y → (real / integer)
Row coordinate of the center of the arc.
Default value: 100.0
Suggested values: 10.0, 20.0, 50.0, 100.0, 200.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0
Typical range of values: 0.0 ≤ CenterRow ≤ 511.0 (lin)
Minimum increment: 1.0
Recommended increment: 10.0


enterCol (input_control)  point.x → (real / integer)
Column coordinate of the center of the arc.
Default value: 100.0
Suggested values: 10.0, 20.0, 50.0, 100.0, 200.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0
Typical range of values: 0.0 ≤ CenterCol ≤ 511.0 (lin)
Minimum increment: 1.0
Recommended increment: 10.0


Radius (input_control)  number → (real / integer)
Radius of the arc.
Default value: 50.0
Suggested values: 10.0, 20.0, 50.0, 100.0, 200.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0
Typical range of values: 0.0 ≤ Radius ≤ 511.0 (lin)
Minimum increment: 1.0
Recommended increment: 10.0


AngleStart (input_control)  angle.rad → (real / integer)
Start angle of the arc in radians.
Default value: 0.0
Suggested values: -3.14159, -2.35619, -1.57080, -0.78540, 0.0, 0.78540, 1.57080, 2.35619, 3.14159
Typical range of values: -3.14159 ≤ AngleStart ≤ 3.14159 (lin)
Minimum increment: 0.03142
Recommended increment: 0.31416


AngleExtent (input_control)  angle.rad → (real / integer)
Angular extent of the arc in radians.
Default value: 6.28318
Suggested values: -6.28318, -5.49779, -4.71239, -3.92699, -3.14159, -2.35619, -1.57080, -0.78540, 0.78540, 1.57080, 2.35619, 3.14159, 3.92699, 4.71239, 5.49779, 6.28318
Typical range of values: -6.28318 ≤ AngleExtent ≤ 6.28318 (lin)
Minimum increment: 0.03142
Recommended increment: 0.31416
Restriction: AngleExtent != 0.0

AnnulusRadius (input_control)  number → (real / integer)
Radius (half width) of the annulus.
Default value: 10.0
Suggested values: 10.0, 20.0, 50.0, 100.0, 200.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0
Typical range of values: 0.0 ≤ AnnulusRadius ≤ 511.0 (lin)
Minimum increment: 1.0
Recommended increment: 10.0
Restriction: AnnulusRadius <= Radius

Width (input_control)  extent.x → (integer)
Width of the image to be processed subsequently.
Default value: 512
Suggested values: 128, 160, 192, 256, 320, 384, 512, 640, 768
Typical range of values: 0 ≤ Width ≤ 1024 (lin)
Minimum increment: 1
Recommended increment: 16

Height (input_control)  extent.y → (integer)
Height of the image to be processed subsequently.
Default value: 512
Suggested values: 120, 128, 144, 240, 256, 288, 480, 512, 576
Typical range of values: 0 ≤ Height ≤ 1024 (lin)
Minimum increment: 1
Recommended increment: 16

Interpolation (input_control)  string → (string)
Type of interpolation to be used.
Default value: 'nearest_neighbor'
List of values: 'bicubic', 'bilinear', 'nearest_neighbor'

MeasureHandle (output_control)  measure_id → (integer)
Measure object handle.

弧形测量示例1：

* 读取图像
read_image (Zeiss1, 'zeiss1')
* 获取图像的大小
get_image_size (Zeiss1, Width, Height)
* 定义弧形信息
Row := 275
Column := 335
Radius := 107
AngleStart := -rad(55)
AngleExtend := rad(170)
* 生成测量弧形
gen_measure_arc (Row, Column, Radius, AngleStart, AngleExtend, 10, Width, Height, 'nearest_neighbor', MeasureHandle)
* 测量边缘
measure_pos (Zeiss1, MeasureHandle, 1, 10, 'all', 'all', RowEdge, ColumnEdge, Amplitude, Distance)
* 计算点与点的距离
distance_pp (RowEdge[1], ColumnEdge[1], RowEdge[2], ColumnEdge[2], IntermedDist)
* 注销测量句柄
close_measure (MeasureHandle)

dev_get_window (WindowHandle)
* 读取图像
read_image (Zeiss1, 'zeiss1')
* 获取图像的大小
get_image_size (Zeiss1, Width, Height)
* 定义弧形信息
Row := 275
Column := 335
Radius := 107
AngleStart := -rad(55)
AngleExtend := rad(170)
* 显示中心点
gen_cross_contour_xld (Cross, Row, Column, 26, 0.785398)
* 通过椭圆计算获取另一点坐标
get_points_ellipse (AngleStart + AngleExtend, Row, Column, 0, Radius, Radius, RowPoint, ColPoint)
* 圆心，旋转角度，起点坐标
disp_arc (WindowHandle, Row, Column, AngleExtend, RowPoint, ColPoint)
* 生成测量弧形
gen_measure_arc (Row, Column, Radius, AngleStart, AngleExtend, 10, Width, Height, 'nearest_neighbor', MeasureHandle)
* 测量边缘
measure_pos (Zeiss1, MeasureHandle, 1, 10, 'all', 'all', RowEdge, ColumnEdge, Amplitude, Distance)
* 计算点与点的距离
distance_pp (RowEdge[1], ColumnEdge[1], RowEdge[2], ColumnEdge[2], IntermedDist)
*显示结果
dev_set_line_width (5)
dev_set_color ('green')
disp_line (WindowHandle, RowEdge[1], ColumnEdge[1], RowEdge[2], ColumnEdge[2])
* 注销测量句柄
close_measure (MeasureHandle)

弧形测量示例2：

*  Example for the application of the measure package
* including a lot of visualization operators
* 
read_image (Zeiss1, 'zeiss1')
get_image_size (Zeiss1, Width, Height)
dev_close_window ()
dev_open_window (0, 0, Width / 2, Height / 2, 'black', WindowHandle)
set_display_font (WindowHandle, 14, 'mono', 'true', 'false')
dev_display (Zeiss1)
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
* draw_circle (WindowHandle, Row, Column, Radius)
Row := 275
Column := 335
Radius := 107
AngleStart := -rad(55)
AngleExtent := rad(170)
dev_set_draw ('fill')
dev_set_color ('green')
dev_set_line_width (1)
get_points_ellipse (AngleStart + AngleExtent, Row, Column, 0, Radius, Radius, RowPoint, ColPoint)
disp_arc (WindowHandle, Row, Column, AngleExtent, RowPoint, ColPoint)
dev_set_line_width (3)
gen_measure_arc (Row, Column, Radius, AngleStart, AngleExtent, 10, Width, Height, 'nearest_neighbor', MeasureHandle)
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
count_seconds (Seconds1)
n := 10
for i := 1 to n by 1
    measure_pos (Zeiss1, MeasureHandle, 1, 10, 'all', 'all', RowEdge, ColumnEdge, Amplitude, Distance)
endfor
count_seconds (Seconds2)
Time := (Seconds2 - Seconds1) / n
disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
* stop ()
distance_pp (RowEdge[1], ColumnEdge[1], RowEdge[2], ColumnEdge[2], IntermedDist)
* dev_display (Zeiss1)
dev_set_color ('red')
* disp_circle (WindowHandle, RowEdge, ColumnEdge, RowEdge - RowEdge + 1)
disp_line (WindowHandle, RowEdge[1], ColumnEdge[1], RowEdge[2], ColumnEdge[2])
dev_set_color ('yellow')
disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Distance: ' + IntermedDist, 'image', 250, 80, 'yellow', 'false')
* dump_window (WindowHandle, 'tiff_rgb', 'C:\\Temp\\zeiss_result')
close_measure (MeasureHandle)
dev_set_line_width (1)
* disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
stop ()
dev_clear_window ()

---

示例3

* 读取图像
read_image (Image, 'double_circle')
* 窗口设置
dev_close_window ()
* 获取图像大小
get_image_size (Image, Width, Height)
* 打开窗口
dev_open_window (0, 0, Width, Height, 'black', WindowHandle)
* 阈值分割
fast_threshold (Image, Region, 0, 120, 7)
* 获取内边缘
boundary (Region, RegionBorder, 'inner')
* 相对于其最小的周围矩形剪裁一个区域。
clip_region_rel (RegionBorder, RegionClipped, 5, 5, 5, 5)
* 膨胀
dilation_circle (RegionClipped, RegionDilation, 2.5)
* 获取区域图像
reduce_domain (Image, RegionDilation, ImageReduced)
* 边缘提取
edges_sub_pix (ImageReduced, Edges, 'canny', 2, 20, 60)
* 分割线轮廓
segment_contours_xld (Edges, ContoursSplit, 'lines_circles', 5, 4, 3)
* 计数
count_obj (ContoursSplit, Number)
dev_display (Image)
dev_set_draw ('margin')
dev_set_color ('white')
dev_update_window ('off')
for I := 1 to Number by 1
    * 选取对象
    select_obj (ContoursSplit, ObjectSelected, I)
    * 获取轮廓全局属性
    get_contour_global_attrib_xld (ObjectSelected, 'cont_approx', Attrib)
    * Fit a circle to the line segment that are arcs of a circle
    if (Attrib > 0)
        * 拟合圆轮廓
        fit_circle_contour_xld (ObjectSelected, 'ahuber', -1, 2, 0, 3, 2, Row, Column, Radius, StartPhi, EndPhi, PointOrder)
        * 生成圆轮廓
        gen_circle_contour_xld (ContCircle, Row, Column, Radius, 0, rad(360), 'positive', 1.0)
        dev_display (ContCircle)
    endif
endfor
* 设置窗口
dev_set_colored (12)
dev_set_line_width (3)
dev_display (ContoursSplit)

拟合

read_image (Image, 'fabrik')
* Image:原图
* ImaAmp：边缘幅度图像
* ImaDir：边缘方向图像
* 'lanser2'：边缘梯度算子
*  0.5：平滑系数
* 'nms'：非极大值抑制
* 12：比它小，就不是边缘
* 22：比它大，就是边缘
* 提取边缘轮廓
edges_image (Image, ImaAmp, ImaDir, 'lanser2', 0.5, 'nms', 12, 22)
* 阈值分割
threshold (ImaAmp, Edges, 1, 255)
* 提取骨架
skeleton (Edges, Skeleton)
* 通过骨架生成轮廓
gen_contours_skeleton_xld (Skeleton, Contours, 1, 'filter')
* 结果显示
dev_display (Image)
dev_set_colored (6)
dev_display (Contours)

* 读取图像
read_image (Image, 'fabrik')
* 边缘提取
frei_amp (Image, ImageEdgeAmp)
* 阈值分割
threshold (ImageEdgeAmp, Region, 20, 255)
* 提取骨架
skeleton (Region, Skeleton)
* 结果显示
dev_display (Image)
dev_set_color ('red')
dev_display (Skeleton)

* 窗口设置
dev_close_window ()
dev_update_window ('off')
* 生成矩形
gen_rectangle1 (Rectangle, 30, 20, 100, 100)
* 将区域转成二进制图像
region_to_bin (Rectangle, BinImage, 130, 100, 120, 130)
* 矩形轮廓区域图像获取
rectangle1_domain (BinImage, ImageReduced, 20, 48, 40, 52)
* 中值滤波
mean_image (ImageReduced, SmoothedImage, 15, 15)
* 涂色
paint_gray (SmoothedImage, BinImage, Image)
* 获取图像大小
get_image_size (Image, Width, Height)
* 打开窗口
dev_open_window_fit_image (Image, 0, 0, Width, Height, WindowID)
dev_set_draw ('margin')
dev_set_line_width (3)
dev_display (Image)
stop ()
* 获取矩形区域图像
rectangle1_domain (Image, ImageReduced, 5, 5, 125, 115)
* 提取边缘
edges_sub_pix (ImageReduced, Edges, 'lanser2', 1.1, 22, 30)
* 显示图像
dev_display (Image)
dev_display (Edges)
* 分割轮廓
segment_contours_xld (Edges, LineSegments, 'lines', 5, 4, 2)
* 计算回归线参数
regress_contours_xld (LineSegments, RegressContours, 'no', 1)
* 合并轮廓
union_collinear_contours_xld (RegressContours, UnionContours, 10, 1, 2, 0.1, 'attr_keep')
* 轮廓排序
sort_contours_xld (UnionContours, SortedContours, 'upper_left', 'true', 'column')
* 显示图像
dev_display (Image)
colored_display (SortedContours, ['yellow','white','white','yellow'])
dev_update_window ('on')

测量助手

$$二维测量$$