import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# 生成数据
x = np.random.rand(100)
y = np.random.rand(100)
z = np.random.rand(100)
# 绘制散点图,并使用颜色映射(比如z)控制气泡的大小和颜色
plt.scatter(x, y, c=z, cmap='viridis', s=1000 * z)# plasma
# 添加标题和坐标轴标签
plt.title("Bubble Plot with Color Map")
plt.xlabel("X")
plt.ylabel("Y")
# 显示图像
plt.show()
线状误差图
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# 模拟数据
x = np.linspace(0, 10, 50)
y = 2 * x + 1
y_error = y + np.random.normal(0, 2, size=50)
# 绘制误差图
plt.errorbar(x, y, yerr=y_error - y, fmt='o')
plt.plot(x, 2 * x + 1, color='red')
plt.show()
二维核密度图
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.neighbors import KernelDensity
# 模拟数据
np.random.seed(1)
data = np.concatenate((np.random.normal(0, 1, 80), np.random.normal(5, 1, 20)))
# 训练核密度估计器
kde = KernelDensity(kernel='gaussian', bandwidth=0.75).fit(data[:, None])
# 生成数据并绘制图像
x_grid = np.linspace(-2, 10, 1000)
log_pdf = kde.score_samples(x_grid[:, None])
pdf = np.exp(log_pdf)
plt.fill_between(x_grid, pdf, alpha=0.5)
plt.hist(data, bins=20, density=True, alpha=0.5)
plt.show()
三维核密度图
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.neighbors import KernelDensity
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
# 模拟数据
np.random.seed(1)
data = np.random.normal(0, 1, (100, 2))
# 训练核密度估计器
kde = KernelDensity(kernel='gaussian', bandwidth=0.75).fit(data)
# 生成数据并绘制图像
x, y = np.mgrid[-2:2:0.1, -2:2:0.1]
grid = np.c_[x.ravel(), y.ravel()]
log_pdf = kde.score_samples(grid)
pdf = np.exp(log_pdf).reshape(x.shape)
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
ax.plot_surface(x, y, pdf, cmap='viridis')
plt.show()