营养学

1.肠道菌群对哪些维生素的代谢最负责?
B组维生素
2.I型糖尿病通常发生在30岁以下的人群中
3.肠道菌群消化纤维和复杂蛋白质，为身体提供营养。它们也合成维生素。虽然维生素的量不足以满足人体对维生素的总需求，但它能产生下列哪一种维生素?维生素K
4.中央型肥胖是指腹部脂肪过多
5.在使用体重指数确定健康时，哪个人群的体重类别应该增加两个点?老年人
6.肠道菌群主要分布在消化系统的哪个部分?
大肠
7.我们的肠道菌群被认为对哪种消化紊乱很重要?肠易激综合症
8.下面的一种表型与肠道菌群的自然选择无关。是哪一个?摄入大量蛋白质
9.如果腰围为94厘米或以上(男性)、80厘米或以上(女性)，就有患中央型肥胖的危险，需要减肥
10.食物的热效应(TEF)与摄入的食物能量成正比，通常估计为能量摄入的____ %。最准确地填空:10
11.低水平的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高血压、胰岛素抵抗和高血脂是代谢综合征的组成部分
12.用来评估糖尿病患者的病情管理状况的持续测量工具叫什么?糖化血红蛋白
13.坚果、水果和蔬菜等食物中有助于天然降低胆固醇的成分叫什么?固醇和固醇
14.【句意】超过半数的澳大利亚人至少有一种代谢综合症。一半
15.下列哪项是I型糖尿病的症状?情绪波动过度口渴，伤口愈合缓慢。以上所有
16.人们可以通过改变饮食来降低代谢综合症的风险吗?多吃天然全麦
17. I型糖尿病占所有糖尿病病例的百分比是多少?10%
18. 下列哪项不是患II型糖尿病的危险因素?低血压
19. 孕期平均推荐增重为:11-16公斤
20.在澳大利亚，导致死亡的最主要因素与饮食和生活方式有关。当试图避免慢性疾病时，下列哪项不被认为是积极的个人行为或因素，可以改变，以减少风险?食用容易获得的食物，不论其营养成分如何。
21.基础代谢率受生活方式和遗传因素的影响。在下面的列表中，选择不会增加BMR的奇数项。禁食。
22.根据AusDiab的研究，在澳大利亚人口中，哪些疾病本身不太可能增加60岁以上的认知障碍和身体残疾的可能性?血压
23. 空腹血糖受损和糖耐量受损有时被称为糖尿病前期
24.以下富含碳水化合物的食物中，哪些不属于低血糖指数?白土豆和茉莉米
25.下列哪个陈述是错误的?幼儿仍然依赖母乳或配方奶粉获取营养
26.当收缩压/舒张压超过什么水平时诊断为高血压?140/90毫米汞柱
27.与可改变的生活方式的危险因素有关
28.下列哪个陈述是正确的?澳大利亚有超过1250个地铁站
29.玛丽从未得过心脏病或心血管疾病。她的胆固醇水平应该低于多少?< 5.5更易/ L
30.预防糖尿病的饮食建议是限制饮食中的饱和脂肪。sat脂肪在饮食中最多应占多少百分比?百分之十
31.澳大利亚人最常见的糖尿病类型是什么?2型
32.山姆被诊断出患有代谢综合症。如果她继续这样做，下列哪项不太可能帮助她控制病情?喝很多含糖的软饮料
33.下列哪项不是II型糖尿病的症状?通过少尿
34.对一些人来说，糖尿病并发症的第一个征兆可能是:心脏病发作、足溃疡、视力问题。以上所有
35.代谢综合症是一组同时发生并增加中风、心脏病、糖尿病风险的病症。以上所有
36.高血压发生在血压高于:140/90mmHg
37.哪些身体过程在某些阶段不需要胆固醇?刺激中枢神经系统
38.II型糖尿病越来越多地发生在儿童和青少年中
39.以下哪一种食物不太可能降低胆固醇水平?神户牛肉
40.3 . d)【句意】当口服药物时，第一个接触和消化的是药物。肠道细菌
41.I型糖尿病通常发生在30岁以下的人群中
42.自19世纪以来，澳大利亚人的平均预期寿命增加了多少年?三十年
43.肠道菌群主要分布在消化系统的哪个部分?大肠
44.以下并发症中，哪一种不太可能与糖尿病有关?失去嗅觉
45.II型糖尿病占所有糖尿病病例的百分比是多少?85 - 90%
46.代谢综合征的原因很复杂，目前还不太清楚，但人们认为有一个原因:基因联系
47.在照顾肠道菌群健康时，从长远来看，每天摄入适量益生菌对预防哪种癌症很重要?结肠
48.玛丽从未得过心脏病或心血管疾病。她的胆固醇水平应该低于多少?< 5.5更易/ L
49.糖耐量受损或空腹血糖受损的人群中有多大比例可能发展成糖尿病?1/3
50.将中央肥胖和种族联系起来，下面哪个民族的腰围不会根据他们的种族而改变?也就是说男性不会低于90厘米，女性不会低于84厘米?澳大利亚
51.人们可以通过改变饮食来降低代谢综合症的风险吗?多吃天然全麦
52.据估计，澳大利亚每人每年消耗的糖的平均量是多少?提示:大部分是作为添加的蔗糖食用的。43公斤
53.肠道菌群对变化非常敏感。以下哪一种可能对肠道菌群的平衡产生负面影响?酒精
54。吃高纤维的食物是有危险的，特别是如果突然吃的话。什么不是预防胃肠道阻塞、放屁、腹泻和腹部不适的好建议?每餐尽量只吃一种纤维。例如，确保所吃的食物只含有可溶性或不可溶性纤维，而不是两者都含有。
55.下列哪个陈述是错误的?幼儿仍然依赖母乳或配方奶粉获取营养
56.过度的渴望和排尿,虚弱,疲劳和视力模糊的症状:I型糖尿病

57.胰岛素的作用是什么?允许身体细胞将葡萄糖(糖)转化为能量

58.当有人被告知患有II型糖尿病时，胰腺中产生胰岛素的细胞通常有多大比例已经消耗殆尽?50 - 70%

59.[LOK]下列食物中毒的微生物中，哪一种是细菌?大肠杆菌
60.当一个人遵循酮类饮食，他们通常会在最初几天内显着减轻体重。体重的下降不太可能是由什么造成的?脂肪量

61.[LOK]“Quorn”产品是由什么天然物质制成的?真菌

62.[SBD]食物标签可以帮助你:确定食物是否含有添加剂，比较相似的产品，对食物作出正确的选择。以上所有
63.(作为)营养成分如纤维、钾、钙和铁可能是营养信息面板如果上市:
索赔了标签
64.[594]在“健康之星”系统中，食品标签上的最低评级可能是多少?半星

65.长期吃低碳水化合物的饮食被认为是一种时髦的饮食。什么身体机能能让人清楚地知道葡萄糖异生已经开始了?尿频增加

66.请用最正确的选项完成句子。“一般来说，标签上的健康声明……

67.[737]如果一种食物有:每份600千焦，那么它可以被归为非必需食物

68.[594]以下哪项不是食物过敏原?辣根

69.贝蒂有标有“最好的”和“按日期”的食物。哪一种食物吃得更安全?最好的约会前

70.[737]保质期小于__________的食品必须在保质期之前或按保质期使用。
两年

71.[SBD]就芝士而言，理想情况下总脂肪应少于:每100克15克

72.[SBD]含有人造甜味剂(如糖醇)的产品上有警告标签，包括“过量食用可能有通便作用”。这个标签什么时候适合贴在食物上?在合理的情况下，吃这种食物会导致一天摄入50克的糖醇。

73.[LOK]以下哪项不是PEM的主要原因?低出生率

74.[洛克]适用于食物储存的常识法则是什么?“如果有疑问，就扔了它。”

75.[737],牛奶,冰­奶油和酸奶总脂肪理想情况下应该如下:2 g / 100 g

76.[737]比较每份食物时，每份食物中有多少克纤维被认为是适量的?4克以上

77.[737]是哪种食品添加剂使你能够从罐头中提取奶油?推进剂

78.[SBD]哪些食用色素源自金盏花?叶黄素

79.[洛克]什么不太可能是食物中毒的原因?大肠内的天然肠道细菌。

80.从低碳水化合物生酮饮食的副作用中挑出一个:高血压

81.[426]贫困国家中患有消瘦症的儿童缺乏能量和蛋白质，因为他们往往以下列哪一种食物为食?稀释谷物饮料

82.当一个人只喝水来禁食时，他们会快速代谢脂肪。如果一公斤的脂肪可以提供30000千焦的能量是真的，那么为什么一个每天消耗8000千焦能量的空腹者每天减掉的脂肪不超过250克呢?因为脂肪的完全分解需要碳水化合物或蛋白质，而当一个人只靠喝水的时候，他们并不消耗这些营养。

83.[737]“植物甾醇有益于心脏健康”的说法属于哪一类食品?这是一个普通的健康声明

84.[737]哪种食物在腌肉、腊肠和火腿中最常见?硝酸盐

85.[737]澳大利亚糖尿病协会目前对选择使用替代甜味剂的消费者有什么建议?他们可以为低脂肪高纤维的饮食计划增加多样性和乐趣。

86.(作为)在食物过敏原:必须确定无论多小

87.[737]尼克有一块巧克力，上面写着:每100克巧克力中含有3.7克饱和脂肪。这种食物的饱和脂肪含量是多少?吃得适量是可以的

88.一个由22位国家认可的饮食、营养、肥胖、食品心理学、糖尿病和心脏病专家组成的专家小组回顾了25种不同的饮食计划。下列饮食中，哪一种最有效?评分的依据是这种饮食的易用性、短期和长期减肥的能力、营养的完整性、安全性以及预防和管理糖尿病和心脏病的潜力。
停止高血压饮食的饮食方法
89.根据测量运动，男人的腰围应该小于:<94厘米
根据测量运动，女性的腰围应该小于:80厘米
90.哪些身体过程在某些阶段不需要胆固醇?刺激中枢神经系统
91.当考虑到身体参加任何活动所需要的能量时，下列哪个因素不影响?强调人在水平。

92.自19世纪以来，澳大利亚人的平均预期寿命增加了多少年?三十年

93.低水平的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高血压、胰岛素抵抗和高血脂是代谢综合征的组成部分

94.一般建议在怀孕期间体重增加是:11 -­16公斤
95.高血压发生在血压高于:140/90mmHg
96.肠道菌群对变化非常敏感。以下哪一种可能对肠道菌群的平衡产生负面影响?酒精
97.一旦确诊,I型糖尿病可以:不能预防或治愈

98.肠道菌群主要分布在消化系统的哪个部分?大肠
99.肠道菌群在其正确的家在肠道中是多样而丰富的，是由于以下哪一个因素呢?小肠和大肠的pH值为中性，蠕动缓慢，是理想的生长环境。
One hundred.糖尿病发展的哪个阶段可以阻止疾病的发展?Pre­糖尿病
One hundred.糖尿病发展的哪个阶段可以阻止疾病的发展?Pre­糖尿病
101.在使用体重指数确定健康时，哪个人群的体重类别应该增加两个点?老年人
102.胰岛素抵抗的特点是那样有效的身体不使用胰岛素可能在体内,特别是肌肉和肝脏

103.提高甘油三酯和降低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇会增加患动脉粥样硬化的风险
104.索菲亚今年20岁，身高170厘米，体重72公斤。根据这些细节，计算她的基础代谢率:6359.87千焦
105.胰岛素的作用是什么?允许身体细胞将葡萄糖(糖)转化为能量
106.下列哪个陈述是错误的?在预算范围内吃得好是不可能的
107.玛丽从未得过心脏病或心血管疾病。她的胆固醇水平应该低于多少?< 5.5更易/ L
108.II型糖尿病的诊断是:当人体细胞对胰岛素没有反应时，当胰岛素不起作用时，胰腺就不能产生足够的胰岛素(减少的产量)。以上所有
109.I型糖尿病的发病通常是突然的，症状明显

110。酒精和糖尿病有什么关系?低血糖
111. I型糖尿病占所有糖尿病病例的百分比是多少?10%
112.以下富含碳水化合物的食物中，哪些不属于低血糖指数?白土豆和茉莉米
113.甘油三酯是由肝脏产生的
114.不健康饮食的常见原因是什么?压力，花费，时间少。以上所有

115.哪种营养对肾脏的功能最重要?水

116.我们的肠道菌群被认为对哪种消化紊乱很重要?肠易激综合症
117.在照顾肠道菌群健康时，从长远来看，每天摄入适量益生菌对预防哪种癌症很重要?结肠
118.根据测量运动，女性的腰围应该小于:80厘米

119.根据测量运动，男人的腰围应该小于:<94厘米

120.哪些身体过程在某些阶段不需要胆固醇?刺激中枢神经系统
121.当考虑到身体参加任何活动所需要的能量时，下列哪个因素不影响?强调人在水平。

122.自19世纪以来，澳大利亚人的平均预期寿命增加了多少年?三十年

123.低水平的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高血压、胰岛素抵抗和高血脂是代谢综合征的组成部分

124.高血压发生在血压高于:140/90mmHg
125.肠道菌群对变化非常敏感。以下哪一种可能对肠道菌群的平衡产生负面影响?酒精

126.一旦确诊,I型糖尿病可以:不能预防或治愈

127.肠道菌群主要分布在消化系统的哪个部分?大肠
128.肠道菌群在其正确的家在肠道中是多样而丰富的，是由于以下哪一个因素呢?小肠和大肠的pH值为中性，蠕动缓慢，是理想的生长环境。
129.糖尿病发展的哪个阶段可以阻止疾病的发展?Pre­糖尿病
130.在使用体重指数确定健康时，哪个人群的体重类别应该增加两个点?老年人
131.胰岛素抵抗的特点是那样有效的身体不使用胰岛素可能在体内,特别是肌肉和肝脏

132.提高甘油三酯和降低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇会增加患动脉粥样硬化的风险
133.索菲亚今年20岁，身高170厘米，体重72公斤。根据这些细节，计算她的基础代谢率:6359.87千焦
134.胰岛素的作用是什么?允许身体细胞将葡萄糖(糖)转化为能量
135.下列哪个陈述是错误的?幼儿仍然依赖母乳或配方奶粉获取营养
136.玛丽从未得过心脏病或心血管疾病。她的胆固醇水平应该低于多少?< 5.5更易/ L
137.II型糖尿病的诊断是:当人体细胞对胰岛素没有反应时，当胰岛素不起作用时，胰腺就不能产生足够的胰岛素(减少的产量)。以上所有

138.I型糖尿病的发病通常是:突然有明显症状

139.以下富含碳水化合物的食物中，哪些不属于低血糖指数?白土豆和茉莉米
140.甘油三酯是由肝脏产生的
141.哪种营养对肾脏的功能最重要?水
142.我们的肠道菌群被认为对哪种消化紊乱很重要?肠易激综合症
143.在照顾肠道菌群健康时，从长远来看，每天摄入适量益生菌对预防哪种癌症很重要?结肠
144.哪个器官负责产生胰岛素?胰腺
145.当收缩压/舒张压超过什么水平时诊断为高血压?140/90毫米汞柱
146.据估计，澳大利亚每人每年消耗的糖的平均量是多少?提示:大部分是作为添加的蔗糖食用的。
43公斤
147.虽然I型糖尿病的确切病因尚不清楚，但我们知道它与家庭有着密切的联系
148.山姆被诊断出患有代谢综合症。如果她继续这样做，下列哪项不太可能帮助她控制病情?喝很多含糖的软饮料
149.代谢综合征的原因很复杂，目前还不太清楚，但人们认为有一个原因:基因联系
150.约翰有代谢综合症。以下哪一种情况是他不太可能发展，因为他已经MetX?乳糖不耐受
151.坚果、水果和蔬菜等食物中有助于天然降低胆固醇的成分叫什么?固醇和固醇
152.自19世纪以来，澳大利亚人的平均预期寿命增加了多少年?三十年
153.根据饮食计划的原则，下列哪个定义与达到适当性的定义相符?当饮食提供足够的能量和足够的营养以满足健康人的需要时，就可以达到这一目标。
154.爱丽丝做了血液测试，胆固醇很高。这意味着哪种类型的胆固醇很可能是高的，哪些是值得关注的?低密度脂蛋白胆固醇
155.胰岛素的作用是什么?允许身体细胞将葡萄糖(糖)转化为能量
156.我们每天消耗的能量中有多少用于基础代谢率?三分之二

157.肠道菌群消化纤维和复杂蛋白质，为身体提供营养。它们也合成维生素。虽然维生素的量不足以满足人体对维生素的总需求，但它能产生下列哪一种维生素?维生素K

158.酒精和糖尿病有什么关系?低血糖

159. 低水平的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高血压、胰岛素抵抗和高血脂是代谢综合征的组成部分
     160.人体的哪个器官会自然产生胆固醇?肝
     161.下列哪个选项是最正确的?低密度脂蛋白胆固醇可以阻塞动脉，高密度脂蛋白可以防止脂肪堵塞
     162.下列哪项是I型糖尿病的症状?情绪波动，伤口愈合缓慢，极度口渴。以上所有

163.II型糖尿病占所有糖尿病病例的百分比是多少?85 - 90%
164.预防糖尿病的饮食建议是限制饮食中的饱和脂肪。sat脂肪在饮食中最多应占多少百分比?百分之十
165.下列哪一种维生素不是由肠道细菌产生的?维生素D
166.以下哪一种食物不太可能降低胆固醇水平?神户牛肉
167.I型糖尿病占所有糖尿病病例的百分比是多少?10%
168.一些研究人员认为代谢综合征肥胖的起点是什么
169.高血压发生在血压高于:140/90mmHg
170.当有人被告知患有II型糖尿病时，胰腺中产生胰岛素的细胞通常有多大比例已经消耗殆尽?50 - 70%
171.我们的肠道菌群被认为对哪种消化紊乱很重要?肠易激综合症
172.在以下的症状列表中，一个人必须被诊断出多少代谢综合征?中心型肥胖，高血压，高TG，低LDL和不寻常的BSL ?三个

173.3 . d)【句意】当口服药物时，第一个接触和消化的是药物。肠道细菌
174.如果你有家族史，你患II型糖尿病的风险更大
35岁以上，有原住民或托雷斯海峡岛民背景吗
您的年龄在55岁以上
175.一些研究人员认为可能是代谢综合征肥胖
起点吗
176.【句意】超过半数的澳大利亚人至少有一种代谢综合症。一半
177.肠道菌群主要分布在消化系统的哪个部分?大肠
178.在使用体重指数确定健康时，哪个人群的体重类别应该增加两个点?老年人
179.肠道菌群对变化非常敏感。以下哪一种可能对肠道菌群的平衡产生负面影响?酒精
180.过度口渴和排尿、虚弱、疲劳和视力模糊可能是I型糖尿病的症状
181.哈维的妈妈有糖尿病。他定期接受血液检查以监测血糖水平。它们应该在什么范围内?3 - 8更易与L
182.基础代谢被认为是“安静代谢”，占大多数人能量消耗的最大份额。下列哪个过程不是基础代谢率控制的代谢活动?锻炼和散步

183.如果腰围为94厘米或以上(男性)、80厘米或以上(女性)，就有患中央型肥胖的危险，需要减肥
184.约翰有代谢综合症。以下哪一种情况是他不太可能发展，因为他已经MetX?乳糖不耐受
185.提高甘油三酯和降低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇会增加患动脉粥样硬化的风险
186. 当考虑到身体参加任何活动所需要的能量时，下列哪个因素不影响?强调人在水平。

187.低水平的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高血压、胰岛素抵抗和高血脂是代谢综合征的组成部分
188.当你在买面包和寻找更健康的产品时，以下哪个选项不是一个好的建议?只看面包的颜色。
189. 肠道菌群在其正确的家在肠道中是多样而丰富的，是由于以下哪一个因素呢?小肠和大肠的pH值为中性，蠕动缓慢，是理想的生长环境。
190.爱丽丝做了血液测试，胆固醇很高。这意味着哪种类型的胆固醇很可能是高的，哪些是值得关注的?低密度脂蛋白胆固醇
191.根据AusDiab的研究，在澳大利亚人口中，哪些疾病本身不太可能增加60岁以上的认知障碍和身体残疾的可能性?血压
192.山姆被诊断出患有代谢综合症。如果她继续这样做，下列哪项不太可能帮助她控制病情?喝很多含糖的软饮料
193.下面哪一个不是由胃肠道细菌在食物分解过程中产生的短链脂肪酸的名称?油酸
194.肠道菌群消化纤维和复杂蛋白质，为身体提供营养。它们也合成维生素。虽然维生素的量不足以满足人体对维生素的总需求，但它能产生下列哪一种维生素?维生素K
195.下列哪个陈述是正确的?澳大利亚有超过1250个地铁站
196.患有中心型肥胖的女性更有可能生下体重多少的婴儿?超重
197.哪种营养对肾脏的功能最重要?水
198.自19世纪以来，澳大利亚人的平均预期寿命增加了多少年?三十年
199.以下哪项对I型糖尿病是正确的?这是一种自我免疫的状态
200.肠道菌群在消化中有许多重要的作用。哪些不是微生物区系所涉及的?从未消化的食物中去除水分以制造粪便
201.下列哪个人的基础代谢率最高?身体健康的男运动员
202.食用大量不溶性纤维对健康有许多益处。吃可溶性纤维比不可溶性纤维有哪些好处?降低患糖尿病的风险
203.下列哪一项有助于减少高血压?减少压力
204.I型糖尿病的发病通常是突然的，症状明显
205.过度的渴望和排尿,虚弱,疲劳和视力模糊的症状:I型糖尿病

206.用来评估糖尿病患者的病情管理状况的持续测量工具叫什么?糖化血红蛋白
207.根据AusDiab的研究，在澳大利亚人口中，哪些疾病本身不太可能增加60岁以上的认知障碍和身体残疾的可能性?血压
208.以下哪一项是对他们晚年的建议?限制酒精，增加乳制品，减少盐的摄入量。以上所有
209.怀孕增加了女性对哪些营养物质的需求?“钙、铁和叶酸”“叶酸、液体和蛋白质”“蛋白质、维生素D和铁”都是上述的
210.肠道菌群对哪些维生素的代谢最负责?B组维生素

1.Which vitamin(s) are the gut flora most responsible for the metabolism of?
B group vitamins
2.The onset of Type I Diabetes typically occurs in people: under 30 years
3.Gut flora digest fibres and complex proteins and produce nutrients for the body. They also synthesise vitamins. Which of the following vitamins does it make, although the amount is insufficient to meet the body’s total need for the vitamin? Vitamin K
4.Central obesity refers to: having excess fat around the abdomen
5.When determining health using the Body Mass Index, the weight categories should be increased by two points for which population? The elderly
6.Which part of the digestive system are most of the gut flora found?
Large intestine
7.The gut flora that we have is thought to be important to which digestive disorder? Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
8.One of the following phenomnenon is not linked to the natural culling of gut flora. Which one is it? Eating lots of protein
9.Someone may be at risk of central obesity and need to lose weight if their waist measures: 94cm or more (men) or 80cm or more (women)
10.The thermic effect of food (TEF) is proportional to the food energy ingested and is usually estimated at ____ % of energy intake. Fill in the gap most accurately: Ten
11.Low levels of HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, insulin resistance and high blood triglycerides are components of: Metabolic syndrome
12.What is the ongoing measurement tool used to assess how well diabetics are managing their condition called? HbA1C
13.What is the name of the component in foods such as nuts, fruits and vegetables that helps to lower cholesterol naturally? Sterols and stanols
14.More than _______ of all Australian’s have at least one Metabolic syndrome condition. half
15.Which of the following are symptoms of Type I Diabetes? mood swings being excessively thirsty, having cuts that heal slowly . All of the above
16.Which dietary change could someone make to reduce their risk of Metabolic syndrome? eat plenty of natural wholegrains
17. Type I Diabetes represents what percentage of all cases of diabetes? 10%
18. Which of the following is not a risk factor for developing Type II diabetes? low blood pressure
19. The average recommended weight gain during pregnancy is: 11-16kg
20.The most prominent factors that contribute to deaths in Australia have dietary and lifestyle links. When trying to avoid chronic disease, which of the following are not considered positive personal behaviours or factors that can be changed in order to decrease risk? Eating food that is easily accessible regardless of nutrition content.
21.The basal metabolic rate is affected by lifestyle and genetic factors. Of the following list, pick the odd one out that will not increase the BMR. Going on a fasting diet.
22.According to the AusDiab study, which disease was not likely to increase the likelihood of cognitive impairment and physical disability over the age of 60 amongst the Australian population (by itself)? Blood pressure
23. Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance are sometimes referred to as: Pre-diabetes
24.Of the following carbohydrate rich foods, which ones are not considered low GI? White potato and Jasmine rice
25.Which of the following statements is false? Toddlers are still reliant on breast milk or formula for nutrients
26.High blood pressure is diagnosed when systolic/diastolic is over what level? 140/90 mmHg
27.______ is associated with modifiable lifestyle risk factors .Type II Diabetes
28.Which of the following statements is true? Australia has more than 1250 Subway outlets
29.Mary has never had a heart attack or cardiovascular event. What should her cholesterol level be below? <5.5 mmol/L
30.Dietary advice to prevent diabetes is to limit saturated fat in the diet. What percent should sat fats make up in the diet at a maximum? Ten percent
31.Which type of diabetes is the most common amongst the Australian population? Type 2
32.Sam has been diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Which of the following is not likely to help her manage her condition if she continues to do it? Drinking lots of sugary softdrinks
33.Which of the following is not a symptom of Type II Diabetes? passing less urine
34.For some, the first sign of a diabetic complication may be: Heart attack, Foot ulcer, Vision problems. All of the above
35.Metabolic syndrome is a collection of conditions that occur together and increase the risk of: Stroke, Heart disease, Diabetes. All of the above
36.Hypertension occurs when blood pressure is any higher than: 140/90mmHg
37.Which bodily process does not require cholesterol at some stage? Stimulating the central nervous system
38.Type II diabetes is increasingly occurring amongst: children and adolescents
39.A diet rich in which of the following foods is not likely to reduce cholesterol levels? Wagyu beef
40.When medication is orally consumed, the _______ is the first to encounter and digest the medicine. gut bacteria
41.The onset of Type I Diabetes typically occurs in people: under 30 years
42.Since the 1800’s, how many years has the average Australian life expectancy risen? Thirty years
43.Which part of the digestive system are most of the gut flora found? Large intestine
44.Of the following complications, which one is not likely to be tied to having diabetes? Loss of smell
45.Type II Diabetes represents what percentage of all cases of Diabetes? 85-90%
46.The causes of Metabolic Syndrome are complex and not well-understood, but there’s thought to be a: Genetic link
47.When caring for the health of gut flora, haiving a healthy dose of probiotics each day is important in the long term for protecting against which type of cancer? Colon
48.Mary has never had a heart attack or cardiovascular event. What should her cholesterol level be below? <5.5 mmol/L
49.What proportion of people with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose are likely to develop diabetes? 1/3
50.Linking central obesity and ethnicity, which of the following ethnicities will not have a modified waist circumference according to their ethnicity? Ie it won’t be shifted lower than 90cm for males and 84cm for females? Australian
51.Which dietary change could someone make to reduce their risk of Metabolic syndrome? eat plenty of natural wholegrains
52.What is the estimated average amount of sugar that each person in Australia consumes each year? Hint: most of this is consumed as added cane sugar. 43 kilograms
53.Gut flora are pretty sensitive to change. Which of the following is likely to negatively disrupt the balance of gut flora? Alcohol
54.There are dangers associated with consuming a diet very high in fibre especially if done out of the blue. What is not a good recommendation to prevent obstructions to the GI tract, getting gas, diarrhoea and abdominal discomfort? Try to only consume one type of fibre with any one meal. For example make sure that the foods eaten only have either soluble or insoluble fibre in them but not both.
55.Which of the following statements is false? Toddlers are still reliant on breast milk or formula for nutrients
56.Excessive thirst and urination, weakness, fatigue and blurred vision may be symptoms of: Type I Diabetes

57.What is insulin responsible for? allowing the body’s cells to turn glucose (sugar) into energy

58.By the time someone is told they have Type II Diabetes, what percentage of insulin producing cells in the pancreas have usually worn out? 50-70%

59.[LOK] Which of the following food poisoning organisms is a bacteria? Escherichia coli
60.When someone follows a ketotic diet, they will often show dramatic weight loss within the first few days. What is this drop in weight unlikely to be made up of? Fat mass

61.[LOK] Which natural substance are “Quorn” products made out of? Fungi

62.[SBD] Food labels can help you to: determine if foods contain additives, compare similar products, make good choices about food. All of the above
63.[SBD] Nutrients such as fibre, potassium, calcium and iron may be listed on nutrition information panels if: a claim is made on the label

64.[594] What is the lowest rating possible in the Health Star system found on food labels? Half a star

65.Eating a low carbohydrate diet for a long period of time is considered a fad diet. What bodily function can give someone a good idea that gluconeogensis has begun? Increased frequency of urination

66.[SBD] Please complete the sentence with the most correct option. “As a general rule, health claims on labels…” shouldn’t be relied upon

67.[737] A food can be classified as discretionary if it has: 600kJ per serve

68.[594] Of the following list, which is not a food allergen? Horseradish

69.[LOK] Betty has foods marked with both a best before and use by date. Which one is safer to eat beyond the date listed? The best before date

70.[737] Foods with a shelf life of less than __________ must have a best before or use by date. two years

71.[SBD] For cheese, total fat should ideally be less than: 15 g per 100g

72.[SBD] Products that have artificial sweetners such as sugar alcohols have warning labels on them including “excess consumption may have a laxative effect”. When is it appropriate for this label to be put on the food? When it is reasonable that eating that food could lead to the ingestion of 50 grams of sugar alcohols in one day.

73.[LOK] Which of the following is NOT a main cause of PEM? Low birth rate

74.[LOK] What is the commonsense rule that applies to food storage? ‘If in doubt, throw it out’

75.[737] For milk, ice­cream and yoghurt total fats should ideally be below: 2g per 100g

76.[737] When comparing foods per SERVE, how many grams of fibre per serve is cosidered a good amount? More than 4 grams

77.[737] What type of food additive is responsible for allowing you to get cream out of a can? Propellants

78.[SBD] Which food colouring is derived from marigolds? Lutein

79.[LOK] What is not likely to be a cause for food poisoning? The natural gut bacteria that live in the large intestines.

80.Pick the odd one out of adverse side effects of low carbohydrate, ketogenic diets: High blood pressure

81.[426] Children in impoverished countries who develop marasmus are lacking in energy and protein because they tend to live on which of the following types of food? Diluted cereal drinks

82.[MUH] When a person fasts by drinking water only, they will rapidly metabolise fat. If it’s true that a kilogram of body fat provides 30,000 kilojoules then why does a fasting person who expends 8000 kilojoules a day not lose more than 250 grams of body fat each day? Because the complete breakdown of fat requires carbohydrate or protein and when the person fasts on water only they are not consuming these nutrients.

83.[737] The statement that “plant sterols are good for heart health” is what type of food claim? It is a general level health claim

84.[737] Which food prservative is most commonly found in cured meats, salamis and ham? Nitrates

85.[737] What is the current advice of the Australian Diabetes Council for consumers choosing to use alternative sweeteners? That they can add variety and enjoyment to a low fat and high fibre eating plan.

86.[SBD] Allergens in foods: must be identified no matter how small the amount

87.[737] Nick has a chocolate bar and reads that per 100 grams it has 3.7 grams of saturated fat per 100 grams. What level of saturated fat is this for that type of food? It’s ok to eat in moderation

88.A panel of 22 nationally recognised experts in diet, nutrition, obesity, food psychology, diabetes and heart disease reviewed 25 different eating plans. Of the following diets, which one came out on top? Ratings were given based on how easy the diet is to follow, its ability to produce short and long term weight loss, its nutritional completeness, its safety and its potential for preventing and managing diabetes and heart disease.
The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
89.According to the Measure Up campaign, men should have a wasit circumference less than: <94cm
According to the Measure Up campaign, women should have a wasit circumference less than: 80cm
90.Which bodily process does not require cholesterol at some stage? Stimulating the central nervous system
91.When considering the amount of energy that is required by the body to take part in any activity, which of the following factors is not influential? Level of stress that the person is under.

92.Since the 1800’s, how many years has the average Australian life expectancy risen? Thirty years

93.Low levels of HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, insulin resistance and high blood triglycerides are components of: Metabolic syndrome

94.The average recommended weight gain during pregnancy is: 11-­16kg
95.Hypertension occurs when blood pressure is any higher than: 140/90mmHg
96.Gut flora are pretty sensitive to change. Which of the following is likely to negatively disrupt the balance of gut flora? Alcohol
97.Once diagnosed, Type I Diabetes can: not be prevented or cured

98.Which part of the digestive system are most of the gut flora found? Large intestine
99.Gut flora in their correct home in the gut are diverse and abundant due to which of the following factors? The small and large intestine has a neutral pH and peristalsis is slow which are ideal for growth.
100.Which stage of the development of diabetes is it possible to stop the progression of the disease? Pre­diabetes
101.When determining health using the Body Mass Index, the weight categories should be increased by two points for which population? The elderly
102.Insulin resistance is characterised by the body not using insulin as effectively as it could in the body, especially, the muscles and liver

103.Raised triglycerides and reduced HDL cholesterol increases ones risk of: Atherosclerosis
104.Sophia is 20 years old, is 170cm tall and weighs 72 kilograms. Given these details, calculate her basal metabolic rate: 6359.87 kilojoules
105.What is insulin responsible for? allowing the body’s cells to turn glucose (sugar) into energy
106.Which of the following statements is false? It s impossible to eat well on a budget
107.Mary has never had a heart attack or cardiovascular event. What should her cholesterol level be below? <5.5 mmol/L
108.Type II diabetes is diagnosed when: when the cells of the body do not respond to insulin, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (reduced production) when insulin does not work effectively. all of the above
109.The onset of Type I Diabetes is usually: abrupt with obvious symptoms

110.What is the danger associated with alcohol and diabetes? Hypoglycaemia
111. Type I Diabetes represents what percentage of all cases of diabetes? 10%
112.Of the following carbohydrate rich foods, which ones are not considered low GI? White potato and Jasmine rice
113.Triglycerides are produced by the: liver
114.What are some common reasons for not eating well? Stress, expense, time poor. All of the above

115.Which nutrient is most important to the functioning of the kidneys? Water

116.The gut flora that we have is thought to be important to which digestive disorder? Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
117.When caring for the health of gut flora, haiving a healthy dose of probiotics each day is important in the long term for protecting against which type of cancer? Colon
118.According to the Measure Up campaign, women should have a wasit circumference less than: 80cm

119.According to the Measure Up campaign, men should have a wasit circumference less than: <94cm

120.Which bodily process does not require cholesterol at some stage? Stimulating the central nervous system
121.When considering the amount of energy that is required by the body to take part in any activity, which of the following factors is not influential? Level of stress that the person is under.

122.Since the 1800’s, how many years has the average Australian life expectancy risen? Thirty years

123.Low levels of HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, insulin resistance and high blood triglycerides are components of: Metabolic syndrome

124.Hypertension occurs when blood pressure is any higher than: 140/90mmHg
125.Gut flora are pretty sensitive to change. Which of the following is likely to negatively disrupt the balance of gut flora? Alcohol

126.Once diagnosed, Type I Diabetes can: not be prevented or cured

127.Which part of the digestive system are most of the gut flora found? Large intestine
128.Gut flora in their correct home in the gut are diverse and abundant due to which of the following factors? The small and large intestine has a neutral pH and peristalsis is slow which are ideal for growth.
129.Which stage of the development of diabetes is it possible to stop the progression of the disease? Pre­diabetes
130.When determining health using the Body Mass Index, the weight categories should be increased by two points for which population? The elderly
131.Insulin resistance is characterised by the body not using insulin as effectively as it could in the body, especially, the muscles and liver

132.Raised triglycerides and reduced HDL cholesterol increases ones risk of: Atherosclerosis
133.Sophia is 20 years old, is 170cm tall and weighs 72 kilograms. Given these details, calculate her basal metabolic rate: 6359.87 kilojoules
134.What is insulin responsible for? allowing the body’s cells to turn glucose (sugar) into energy
135.Which of the following statements is false? Toddlers are still reliant on breast milk or formula for nutrients
136.Mary has never had a heart attack or cardiovascular event. What should her cholesterol level be below? <5.5 mmol/L
137.Type II diabetes is diagnosed when: when the cells of the body do not respond to insulin, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (reduced production) when insulin does not work effectively. all of the above

138.The onset of Type I Diabetes is usually: abrupt with obvious symptoms

139.Of the following carbohydrate rich foods, which ones are not considered low GI? White potato and Jasmine rice
140.Triglycerides are produced by the: liver
141.Which nutrient is most important to the functioning of the kidneys? Water
142.The gut flora that we have is thought to be important to which digestive disorder? Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
143.When caring for the health of gut flora, haiving a healthy dose of probiotics each day is important in the long term for protecting against which type of cancer? Colon
144.Which organ is responsible for producing insulin? Pancreas
145.High blood pressure is diagnosed when systolic/diastolic is over what level? 140/90 mmHg
146.What is the estimated average amount of sugar that each person in Australia consumes each year? Hint: most of this is consumed as added cane sugar.
43 kilograms
147.Although the exact cause of Type I Diabetes is not yet known, we know it has strong: family links
148.Sam has been diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Which of the following is not likely to help her manage her condition if she continues to do it? Drinking lots of sugary softdrinks
149.The causes of Metabolic Syndrome are complex and not well-understood, but there’s thought to be a: Genetic link
150.John has metabolic syndrome. Which of the following conditions is he not likely to develop because he has MetX? Lactose intolerance
151.What is the name of the component in foods such as nuts, fruits and vegetables that helps to lower cholesterol naturally? Sterols and stanols
152.Since the 1800’s, how many years has the average Australian life expectancy risen? Thirty years
153.According to the principles of diet-planning, which of the following definitions matches that of achieving adequacy? It is achieved when a diet provides sufficient energy and enough of all the nutrients to meet the needs of healthy people.
154.Alice had a blood test and has high cholesterol. Which type of cholesterol does that mean is likely to be high which will be of concern? LDL cholesterol
155.What is insulin responsible for? allowing the body’s cells to turn glucose (sugar) into energy
156.How much of the energy that we expend each day goes towards the basal metabolic rate? Two thirds

157.Gut flora digest fibres and complex proteins and produce nutrients for the body. They also synthesise vitamins. Which of the following vitamins does it make, although the amount is insufficient to meet the body’s total need for the vitamin? Vitamin K

158.What is the danger associated with alcohol and diabetes? Hypoglycaemia

159. Low levels of HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, insulin resistance and high blood triglycerides are components of: Metabolic syndrome
     160.Which organ in the body makes cholesterol naturally? Liver
     161.Which of the following is most correct? LDL cholesterol can block arteries and HDL can protect against fatty blockages
     162.Which of the following are symptoms of Type I Diabetes? Mood swings, having cuts that heal slowly, being excessively thirsty. All of the above

163.Type II Diabetes represents what percentage of all cases of Diabetes? 85-90%
164.Dietary advice to prevent diabetes is to limit saturated fat in the diet. What percent should sat fats make up in the diet at a maximum? Ten percent
165.Which of the following vitamins are not produced by gut bacteria? Vitamin D
166.A diet rich in which of the following foods is not likely to reduce cholesterol levels? Wagyu beef
167.Type I Diabetes represents what percentage of all cases of diabetes? 10%
168.What do some researchers consider could be a starting point for Metabolic syndrome Obesity
169.Hypertension occurs when blood pressure is any higher than: 140/90mmHg
170.By the time someone is told they have Type II Diabetes, what percentage of insulin producing cells in the pancreas have usually worn out? 50-70%
171.The gut flora that we have is thought to be important to which digestive disorder? Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
172.In the following list of symtoms, how many must a person have to be diagnosed with Metabolic Syndrome? Central obesity, high BP, high TG’s, low LDL and unusual BSL’s? Three

173.When medication is orally consumed, the _______ is the first to encounter and digest the medicine. gut bacteria
174.You are at greater risk of Type II Diabetes if: you have a family history
are over 35 years of age and from an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander background
you are over 55 years of age all of the above
175.What do some researchers consider could be a starting point for Metabolic syndrome Obesity

176.More than _______ of all Australian’s have at least one Metabolic syndrome condition. half
177.Which part of the digestive system are most of the gut flora found? Large intestine
178.When determining health using the Body Mass Index, the weight categories should be increased by two points for which population? The elderly
179.Gut flora are pretty sensitive to change. Which of the following is likely to negatively disrupt the balance of gut flora? Alcohol
180.Excessive thirst and urination, weakness, fatigue and blurred vision may be symptoms of: Type I Diabetes
181.Harvey’s mother has diabetes. He regularly gets blood tests to monitor his blood glucose levels. What range should they be within? 3-8 mmol/L
182.Basal metabolism is considered ‘quiet metabolism’ and accounts for the lion’s share of most people’s energy expenditures. Which of the following processed would not be a metabolic activity that the basal metabolic rate controls? Exercising and walking around

183.Someone may be at risk of central obesity and need to lose weight if their waist measures: 94cm or more (men) or 80cm or more (women)
184.John has metabolic syndrome. Which of the following conditions is he not likely to develop because he has MetX? Lactose intolerance
185.Raised triglycerides and reduced HDL cholesterol increases ones risk of: Atherosclerosis
186. When considering the amount of energy that is required by the body to take part in any activity, which of the following factors is not influential? Level of stress that the person is under.

187.Low levels of HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, insulin resistance and high blood triglycerides are components of: Metabolic syndrome
188.When shopping for bread and searching for a healthier product, which of the following options is not considered a good tip? Looking purely at the colour of the loaf.
189. Gut flora in their correct home in the gut are diverse and abundant due to which of the following factors? The small and large intestine has a neutral pH and peristalsis is slow which are ideal for growth.
190.Alice had a blood test and has high cholesterol. Which type of cholesterol does that mean is likely to be high which will be of concern? LDL cholesterol
191.According to the AusDiab study, which disease was not likely to increase the likelihood of cognitive impairment and physical disability over the age of 60 amongst the Australian population (by itself)? Blood pressure
192.Sam has been diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Which of the following is not likely to help her manage her condition if she continues to do it? Drinking lots of sugary softdrinks
193.Which of the following is not the name for one of the short chain fatty acids that are produced by GI bacteria during breakdown of foods? Oleic acid
194.Gut flora digest fibres and complex proteins and produce nutrients for the body. They also synthesise vitamins. Which of the following vitamins does it make, although the amount is insufficient to meet the body’s total need for the vitamin? Vitamin K
195.Which of the following statements is true? Australia has more than 1250 Subway outlets
196.A woman who has central obesity is more likely to give birth to a baby whose weight is what? Overweight
197.Which nutrient is most important to the functioning of the kidneys? Water
198.Since the 1800’s, how many years has the average Australian life expectancy risen? Thirty years
199.Which of the following is true of Type I Diabetes? it is an auto-immune condition
200.The gut flora have many important jobs in digestion. Which is not something that the microflora are involved in? Removing water from undigested food to make faeces
201.Which of the following people listed would have the highest basal metabolic rate?A physically fit male athlete
202.There are many health benefits associated with consuming lots of insoluble fibre. Which of the following is a benefit of eating soluble fibre rather than insoluble? Lowers the risk of diabetes
203.Which of the following would assist the reduction of hypertension (high blood pressure)? reducing stress
204.The onset of Type I Diabetes is usually: abrupt with obvious symptoms
205.Excessive thirst and urination, weakness, fatigue and blurred vision may be symptoms of: Type I Diabetes

206.What is the ongoing measurement tool used to assess how well diabetics are managing their condition called? HbA1C
207.According to the AusDiab study, which disease was not likely to increase the likelihood of cognitive impairment and physical disability over the age of 60 amongst the Australian population (by itself)? Blood pressure
208.Which of the following are recommendations for those in their later years? Limit alcohol, Increase dairy products, Reduce salt intake. All of the above
209.Pregnancy increases a woman s requirements for which nutrients? “Calcium, iron and folic acid” "Folic acid, fluid and protein " "Protein, vitamin D and Iron " All of the above
210.Which vitamin(s) are the gut flora most responsible for the metabolism of? B group vitamins