多态性练习

1.建立InstanceTest 类，在类中定义方法method(Person e);
在method 中
(1)根据 e 的类型调用相应类的 getInfo 方法。
(2)根据 e 的类型执行：如果e 为 Person 类的对象，输出“a person”
如果e 为 Student 类的对象 输出：“a student”，“a person ”
如果e 为 Graduate 类的对象，输出：“a graduated student”，“a student”，“a person”

首先，创建Person，Student和Graduate类

public class Person {
      protected String name="person";
      protected int age=50;
      public String getInfo(){
    	  return "Name:"+name+"\n"+"age:"+age;
      }
}

public class Student extends Person{
      protected String school="pku";
      public String getInfo(){
    	  return "Name:"+name+"\n"+"age:"+age+"\nschool:"+school;
      }
}

public class Graduate extends Student {
       public String major="IT";
       public String getInfo(){
     	  return "Name:"+name+"\n"+"age:"+age+"\nschool:"+school+"\nmajor:"+major;
       }
}

然后，建立InstanceTest 类进行测试

public class InstanceTest {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
    	 //InstanceTest m=new ;
    	 InstanceTest m=new InstanceTest();
    	 //Person n=new Person();
    	 m.method(new Graduate());
    	 
	}
     
     public void method(Person e){
    	   String a=e.getInfo();
    	   System.out.println(a);
//方式一：
//           if(e instanceof Graduate){
//        	   System.out.println("a graduate student"+"\na student"+"\na person");
//           }else if(e instanceof Student){
//        	   System.out.println("a student"+"\na person");
//           }else{
//        	   System.out.println("a person");
//           }
    	   //方式二：
    	   if(e instanceof Graduate){
    		   System.out.println("a graduate student");
    	   }
    	   if(e instanceof Student){
    		   System.out.println("a student");
    	   }
    	   if(e instanceof Person){
    		   System.out.println("a person");
    	   }
     }
}

2. 定义三个类，父类 GeometricObject 代表几何形状，子类 Circle 代表圆形， MyRectangle 代表矩形 。定义一个测试类 GeometricTest 编写 equalsArea 方法测试两个对象的面积是否相等（注意方法的参
数类型，利用动态绑定技术），编写 displayGeometricObject 方法显示对象的面积（注意方法的参数类型，利用动态绑定技术）。

（1） 创建子类和父类

public class GeometricObject {
        protected String color;
        protected double weight;
        protected GeometricObject(){
        	
        }
        protected GeometricObject(String color,double weight){
        	this.color=color;
        	this.weight=weight;
        }
		public String getColor() {
			return color;
		}
		public void setColor(String color) {
			this.color = color;
		}
		public double getWeight() {
			return weight;
		}
		public void setWeight(double weight) {
			this.weight = weight;
		}
        public double findArea(){
        	return 0.0;
        }
}

public class Circle extends GeometricObject {
      private double radius;
      public Circle(double radius,String color,double weight){
    	 super(color,weight);
    	 this.radius=radius;
      }
	public double getRadius() {
		return radius;
	}
	public void setRadius(double radius) {
		this.radius = radius;
	}
    public double findArea(){
    	return Math.PI*radius*radius;
    }
      
}

ublic class MyRectangle extends GeometricObject{
       private double width;
       private double height;
       public MyRectangle(double width,double height,String color,double weight){
    	   super(color,weight);
    	   this.width=width;
    	   this.height=height;
       }
	public double getWidth() {
		return width;
	}
	public void setWidth(double width) {
		this.width = width;
	}
	public double getHeight() {
		return height;
	}
	public void setHeight(double height) {
		this.height = height;
	}
    public double findArea(){
    	return width*height;
    } 
}

（2）进行测试 

public class GeometricTest {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
    	  GeometricTest test=new GeometricTest();
    	  MyRectangle r=new MyRectangle(1, 1, "red", 1);
    	  Circle c=new Circle(2.3,"yellow",1.0);
    	  Circle c1=new Circle(2.3,"yellow",1.0);
    	  test.displayGeometricObject(c);
    	  test.displayGeometricObject(r);
    	  boolean isEqual=test.equalsArea(c1, c);
    	  System.out.println("面积是否相等？"+isEqual);
		}
      public boolean equalsArea(GeometricObject a,GeometricObject b){
    	    return a.findArea()==b.findArea();
      }     
      public void displayGeometricObject(GeometricObject g){
    	  double a1=g.findArea();
    	  System.out.println("面积为"+a1);
      }
}