ubuntu dpkg dependency problem(依赖问题）

环境：window 10 ubuntu 20.04LTS(子系统）
引起问题可能的原因：在安装ubuntu-mate-desktop强制退出，导致一些包没安装上
报错信息：

dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of printer-driver-pxljr:
 printer-driver-pxljr depends on cups-filters (>= 1.0.42) | foomatic-filters (>= 4.0.0~bzr156); however:
  Package cups-filters is not installed.
  Package foomatic-filters is not installed.
  Package cups-filters which provides foomatic-filters is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package printer-driver-pxljr (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of cups:
 cups depends on cups-filters; however:
  Package cups-filters is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package cups (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of indicator-printers:
 indicator-printers depends on cups (>= 1.5); however:
  Package cups is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package indicator-printers (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of printer-driver-gutenprint:
 printer-driver-gutenprint depends on cups; however:
  Package cups is not configured yet.
 printer-driver-gutenprint depends on cups-filters (>= 1.0.36) | ghostscript-cups (<< 9.08); however:
  Package cups-filters is not installed.
  Package ghostscript-cups is not installed.
  Package cups-filters which provides ghostscript-cups is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package printer-driver-gutenprint (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of printer-driver-foo2zjs:
 printer-driver-foo2zjs depends on cups-filters | foomatic-filters; however:
  Package cups-filters is not installed.
  Package foomatic-filters is not installed.
  Package cups-filters which provides foomatic-filters is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package printer-driver-foo2zjs (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of printer-driver-splix:
 printer-driver-splix depends on cups (>= 1.5.0-3~); however:
  Package cups is not configured yet.
 printer-driver-splix depends on cups-filters (>= 1.0.36); however:
  Package cups-filters is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package printer-driver-splix (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of bluez-cups:
 bluez-cups depends on cups; however:
  Package cups is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package bluez-cups (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of printer-driver-hpcups:
 printer-driver-hpcups depends on cups; however:
  Package cups is not configured yet.
 printer-driver-hpcups depends on cups-filters | ghostscript-cups; however:
  Package cups-filters is not installed.
  Package ghostscript-cups is not installed.
  Package cups-filters which provides ghostscript-cups is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package printer-driver-hpcups (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of printer-driver-m2300w:
 printer-driver-m2300w depends on cups-filters (>= 1.0.42) | foomatic-filters (>= 4.0.0~bzr156); however:
  Package cups-filters is not installed.
  Package foomatic-filters is not installed.
  Package cups-filters which provides foomatic-filters is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package printer-driver-m2300w (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of hplip:
 hplip depends on cups; however:
  Package cups is not configured yet.
 hplip depends on printer-driver-hpcups (= 3.20.3+dfsg0-2); however:
  Package printer-driver-hpcups is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package hplip (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-mate-core:
 ubuntu-mate-core depends on printer-driver-gutenprint; however:
  Package printer-driver-gutenprint is not configured yet.
 ubuntu-mate-core depends on printer-driver-hpcups; however:
  Package printer-driver-hpcups is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package ubuntu-mate-core (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 printer-driver-pxljr
 cups
 indicator-printers
 printer-driver-gutenprint
 printer-driver-foo2zjs
 printer-driver-splix
 bluez-cups
 printer-driver-hpcups
 printer-driver-m2300w
 hplip
 ubuntu-mate-core

一般解决方案：

sudo dpkg --configure -a

我的情况可能比较特殊，执行这条指令依旧报错。
最终找了解决方案

根据我的报错信息，我第一个缺失的package 是printer-driver-pxljr（此package请以自己实际情况为准），于是我使用指令

sudo dpkg --configure printer-driver-pxljr

结果依旧报错

错误提示cups-filters未安装，于是进行cups-filters安装

结果依旧报错，提示cups-filters处于半安装状态，此时需要重新安装cups-filters，我使用的指令是

sudo apt-get install --reinstall cups-filters

指令成功执行了。

上条指令执行后，自动将缺失的包配置好了
至此我的错误已经解决了，希望能帮到你