配置 STM32 单片机的定时器时,定时器的功能很好查,但是经常会忘一些东西的使能(比如说我经常忘记配置 IO 口的复用)。现将完整步骤记录如下,以 F407 单片机,定时器 2 通道 2 为例:
首先查数据手册,找到定时器 2 通道 2 对应的 IO 口,为 PA1:
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure;
TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;
RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); // 由于要用到 PA1,因此也要对 GPIO 的时钟使能。
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2, ENABLE); // 使能定时器 2
GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource1, GPIO_AF_TIM2); // 这是我经常忘的一句,配置 IO 口的复用功能
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_1;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_25MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = TIM_CKD_DIV1;
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_Period = 4;
TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 2;
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2, &TIM_TimeBaseInitStructure);
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_Toggle;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable;
TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = 2;
TIM_OC2Init(TIM2, &TIM_OCInitStructure);
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2); // 开启中断之前先清除标志位
TIM_ITConfig(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2, ENABLE); // 使能比较中断
TIM_Cmd(TIM2, ENABLE); // 使能定时器2
可以看出, 以上过程主要包括 GPIO 的配置、时基单元的配置、输出通道的配置,然后就是一些 xxxConfig函数,真的不要忘。
NVIC 的配置比较简单,只放一下代码
void myNVIC_Init()
{
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM2_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}
void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2))
{
// do something
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2);
}
}