OpenCV - 视频分析与对象跟踪实战（01. 视频读写）

视频读写

• 视频格式与相关API介绍
  • 格式支持
    • avi（推荐使用avi文件读写）
    • mp4
  • VideoCapture
    • read
    • isOpened：
    • release：释放资源
    • >> 操作符重载：读取到每一帧
• 从视频文件中读写视频
  • FPS : 每秒的帧数（15帧-20帧就很好了）
• 从摄像头中读写视频
  • VideoWriter -代码演示
  • www.fourcc.org
    • CV_FOURCC(‘D’, ‘I’, ‘V’, ‘X’) = MPEG-4 codec
    • CV_FOURCC(‘P’,‘I’,‘M’,‘1’) = MPEG-1 codec
    • CV_FOURCC(‘U’, ‘2’, ‘6’, ‘3’) = H263 codec
    • -1 打开对话框选择

代码：

• 读取一个视频文件

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv){
	VideoCapture capture;
	capture.open("E:/Experiment/OpenCV/src/video_003.avi");  // 加载路径，注意是/而不是\

	if (!capture.isOpened()){
		//cout << "Video could not load ... " << endl;
		printf("Video could not load ...."); //效果同上
		return -1;
	}

	Mat frame;
	namedWindow("test-show", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	while (capture.read(frame)){
		imshow("test-show", frame);
		char c = waitKey(100); // 每隔100毫秒读取一帧
		if (c == 27){ //按Esc键可退出播放
			break;
		}
	}
	capture.release(); // 释放资源
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

• 从摄像头读取视频，并保存

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv){
	//VideoCapture capture;
	//capture.open("E:/Experiment/OpenCV/src/video_003.avi");  // 加载路径，注意是/而不是\

	VideoCapture capture(0);// 调用摄像头

	if (!capture.isOpened()){
		//cout << "Video could not load ... " << endl;
		printf("Video could not load ...."); //效果同上
		return -1;
	}

	// 视频读写是没有声音的
	// 获取帧的属性
	double fps = capture.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FPS);
	printf("FPS:%F", fps);
	Size size = Size(capture.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH), capture.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT));
	// -1表示自动选择，保存下来的视频文件较大
	//VideoWriter writer("E:/Experiment/ww_demo.avi", -1, 15, size, true);//每秒15帧也是速度很快的了
	//MP4的写入方式
	VideoWriter writer("E:/Experiment/ww_demo.mp4", CV_FOURCC('D', 'I', 'V', 'X'), 15, size, true);//每秒15帧也是速度很快的了

	Mat frame;
	namedWindow("test-show", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	while (capture.read(frame)){
		imshow("test-show", frame);
		writer.write(frame);
		char c = waitKey(100); // 每隔100毫秒读取一帧
		if (c == 27){ //按Esc键可退出播放
			break;
		}
	}
	capture.release(); // 释放资源
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

• 对读入的视频进行一定的处理（如灰度处理）

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv){
	VideoCapture capture;
	//capture.open("E:/Experiment/OpenCV/src/video_003.avi");  
	capture.open("E:/Experiment/ww_demo.mp4");  

	//VideoCapture capture(0);

	if (!capture.isOpened()){
		//cout << "Video could not load ... " << endl;
		printf("Video could not load ...."); //效果同上
		return -1;
	}

	Mat frame, gray, binary;
	namedWindow("test-show", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	namedWindow("gray-show", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	namedWindow("binary-show", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	namedWindow("bitwise_not-show", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	while (capture.read(frame)){
		imshow("test-show", frame);
		// 灰度处理
		cvtColor(frame, gray, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
		imshow("gray-show", gray);
		//二值化处理
		threshold(gray, binary, 0, 255, THRESH_BINARY | THRESH_OTSU);
		imshow("binary-show", binary);
		// 有趣的处理：255-当前值
		bitwise_not(frame, frame);
		imshow("bitwise_not-show", frame);

		char c = waitKey(100); // 每隔100毫秒读取一帧
		if (c == 27){ //按Esc键可退出播放
			break;
		}
	}
	capture.release(); // 释放资源
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}