Winograd是一个人, 全名叫做Terry Allen Winograd,是斯坦福的一个计算机科学家,谷歌创始人佩奇就是他的学生。其提出了Winograd schemas。
不过,Winograd schema challenge并不是这个人提出的,而是 Hector Levesque,提出的原因是因为想要改善图灵测试,所以你可以认为Winograd schema challenge就是图灵测试的改进版本。
那么这个挑战具体是什么呢?不知道你听过Coreference Resolution(共指消解),这个挑战其实等同于共指消解。没听过的话看下图:
请问,it(代词)指的是鱼还是虫,这就是共指消解。
即:
Winograd schema questions simply require the resolution of anaphora(回指): the machine must identify the antecedent(祖先) of an ambiguous pronoun(代词) in a statement. This makes it a task of natural language processing, but Levesque argues that for Winograd schemas, the task requires the use of knowledge and commonsense reasoning.
Nuance Communications announced in July 2014 that it would sponsor an annual WSC competition, with a prize of $25,000 for the best system that could match human performance.[3] However, the prize is no longer offered.