class3-reading.presentation

topic：person 's own data

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Should We Treat Data as Labor?Moving Beyond “Free”

1. The High Cost of Free Data

• employment and income distribution

shortcoming:

• Simultaneously young people spend increasing time on and have developed increasing expertise in digital interactions such as social media and video games.
• Because such activities are overwhelmingly framed as consumption rather than production, these growing online lives are widely seen as running contrary to or undermining the dignity provided by work. Many of these young people seem to have become involved with antisocial activities (such as cyberbullying and hate speech) or to have declining self-esteem.

2. Capital or labor?

• DaC treats data as exhaust from consumption to be collected by firms
• while DaL treats them as user possessions that should primarily benefit their owners
• Whatever the balance, the only “third way” out of the DaL-DaC spectrum we see is the failure of AI: if AI proves to be relatively unproductive, neither DaL nor DaC will much matter. But if AI lives up to even a part of its hype, failure to move toward DaL will leave us trapped in the problems we highlight with DaC.

3. How Did We Get Here?

4. Sources of Countervailing Power

5. A Radical Data Market

• Ultimately, we believe all three of these factors must coordinate for DaL to succeed, just as in historical labor movements. Whatever the mix, however, building a market for data labor offers economists an exciting chance to design a market on a much broader scale than most work on market design in the past (Roth 2015).
• At the same time, economists, in their roles as advisors to governments and technology companies, are likely to play a central role in defining the texture of these markets.
• A radical market in data labor offers a near-term opportunity for economists, in collaboration with the other social and computer scientists they regularly work with in the technology industry, to bring years of research in labor economics and market design to bear on a central social problem of our times.

paper：Who Watches the Watchmen?

——A Review of Subjective Approaches for Sybil-resistance in Proof of
Personhood Protocols

Abstract：

In this review, we will outline the approaches of these new and natively digital sources of authentication - their attributes, methodologies strengths, and weaknesses - and sketch out possible directions for future developments.

introduction

• 当blockchain技术被广泛应用，成为基础设施（infrastructure）和公民参与（civic engagement）的一部分，then Proof of Work’s “one-CPU-one-vote” or Proof of Stake’s “one-dollar-one-vote” systems will not suffice：protocols that signal unique human identities to enable “one-person-one-vote” systems must be created.
• center problem：the abuse of a digital network by creating many illegitimate virtual personas