大一下c + +上机实验总目录:大一下c + +上机实验总结目录
1、定义复数类,用友元函数重载+,- 运算符。并编写主函数进行测试。(实验七是要求用成员函数重载)
参考答案0:
用友元函数重载运算符
#include<iostream.h>
class complex
{
double real,imag;
public:
complex(double r=0,double i=0)
{
real=r;
imag=i;
}
void print();
friend complex operator+(complex a,complex b);
friend complex operator-(complex a,complex b);
};
void complex::print()
{
cout<<real;
if(imag>0) cout<<"+";
if(imag!=0) cout<<imag<<"i"<<endl;
}
complex operator+(complex a,complex b)
{
complex temp;
temp.real=a.real+b.real;
temp.imag=a.imag+b.imag;
return temp;
}
complex operator-(complex a,complex b)
{
complex temp;
temp.real=a.real-b.real;
temp.imag=a.imag-b.imag;
return temp;
}
void main()
{
complex A1(2,3),A2(1,1),A3,A4;
A3=A1+A2;
A4=A1-A2;
A1.print();
A2.print();
A3.print();
A4.print();
}
2、定义point类,分别用成员函数和友元函数重载前置–和后置的–运算符。
参考答案:
(1)用友元函数重载运算符
前置–
#include<iostream.h>
class point
{
int x,y;
public:
point(int,int);
friend void operator--(point&);
void print();
};
point::point(int a,int b)
{
x=a;
y=b;
}
void operator--(point &p)
{
--p.x;
--p.y;
}
void point::print()
{
cout<<"("<<x<<","<<y<<")"<<endl;
}
void main()
{
point p(2,2);
p.print();
(--p);
p.print();
}
后置–
#include<iostream.h>
class Point
{
int x,y;
public:
Point(int x,int y);
friend Point operator--(Point &point,int a);
void showprint();
};
Point::Point(int x,int y)
{
this->x=x;
this->y=y;
}
Point operator--(Point &point,int a)
{
Point p(1,1);
p=point;
--point.x;
--point.y;
return p;
}
void Point::showprint()
{
cout<<"("<<x<<","<<y<<")"<<endl;
}
void main()
{
Point point(2,2);
point.showprint();
(operator--(point,0)).showprint();
point.showprint();
}
(2)用成员函数重载运算符
前置–
#include<iostream.h>
class Point
{
int x,y;
public:
Point(int,int);
Point operator--();
void print();
};
Point::Point(int a,int b)
{
x=a;
y=b;
}
Point Point::operator--()
{
--x;
--y;
return *this;
}
void Point::print()
{
cout<<"("<<x<<","<<y<<")"<<endl;
}
void main()
{
Point p(2,2);
p.print();
(--p);
p.print();
}
后置–
#include<iostream.h>
class Point
{
int x,y;
public:
Point(int,int);
Point operator--(int);
void print();
};
Point::Point(int a,int b)
{
x=a;
y=b;
}
Point Point::operator--(int a)
{ Point p(1,1);
p=*this;
--x;
--y;
return p;
}
void Point::print()
{
cout<<"("<<x<<","<<y<<")"<<endl;
}
void main()
{
Point p(2,2);
p.print();
(p.operator--(0)).print();
p.print();
}
3、用友元类和类的组合解决下面的问题
(1)设计一个point 类
数据成员:
点的坐标x,y
成员函数:
带有参的构造函数(不带默认值)
(2)定义一个line类
数据成员:
线上的两个点point1,point2(用定义好的point)
成员函数:
定义一条直线(构造函数)
计算线段的长度
参考答案1:
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
class Point{
int x,y;
public:
Point(int xx,int yy):x(xx),y(yy){}
friend class Line;
};
class Line{
Point p1,p2;
public:
Line(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2):p1(x1,y1),p2(x2,y2)
{}
double length();
};
double Line::length(){return sqrt((p1.x-p2.x)*(p1.x-p2.x)+(p1.y-p2.y)*(p1.y-p2.y));}
int main(){
Line line(1,1,5,5);
cout<<line.length()<<endl;
return 0;
}
参考答案2:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<math.h>
class line;
class point
{private:
float x,y;
public:
point(float a,float b){x=a;y=b;}
friend class line;
};
class line
{
point point1,point2;
public:
line(point a,point b):point1(a),point2(b){}
float length()
{return sqrt((point1.x-point2.x)*(point1.x-point2.x)+(point1.y-point2.y)*(point1.y-point2.y));
}
};
void main()
{point poin1(1,2),poin2(3,4);
line lin(poin1,poin2);
cout<<lin.length();
}